Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS 2 - Unit 3 > Behavioral Science - eating disorders > Flashcards

Behavioral Science - eating disorders Flashcards

1
Q

T/F obesity is a diagnosable condition marked by being more than 20% over ideal weight with BMI > 30

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What two receptor mutations are associated with obesity?

A

Leptin receptor mutation

Melanocortin 4 receptor mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blocking which histamine receptor can cause weight gain?

A

Blocking histamine 1 receptor - makes you tired and groggy but also turns off satiety center (fat because you don’t feel full and keep eating)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Blockade of muscarinic receptors (Achm) results in weight gain or weight loss?

A

Weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Blockade of 5HT2c receptors cause weight gain or weight loss?

A

Blockade or serotonin 2c receptor raises NE and DA in cortex (good for depression) but also removes inhibitory control on fat cell growth causing weight gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Increased prolactin levels correspond to weight gain - blockade of which receptors can indirectly trigger this?

A

D2 receptor blockade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the two types of drugs that contribute the most to “iatrogenic” obesity?

A

Anti-psychotics and anti-depressants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are 3 lifestyle factors that contribute to obesity?

A

sedentary lifestyle
dependence on automobiles
Large portion sizes with high fat/carb content

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When would you consider bariatric surgery or gastric banding for treatment of obesity?

A

When lifestyle modification therapy (e.g. attempts to lose weight with diet, exercise) fails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why are amphetamines an effective weight loss medications?

A

decrease appetite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F research data has shown that exercise rather than diet is the better target for obesity treatments

A

False - exercise alone isn’t enough to curb obesity - diet has the largest impact on weight gain/loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pharmacological treatments can be very effective for weight loss. Why are they not considered a long term solution?

A

Rebound appetite increase after medication is stopped. Long term solutions are lifestyle and behavioral modifications (portion control etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is orlistat?

What are major side effects?

A

weight loss medication that inhibits gastric lipase so fats don’t get absorbed/metabolized

profuse diarrhea and fecal accidents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are topiramate and zonisamide?

A

anti-convulsant medications used for weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do the anti-convulsant medications (topiramate and zonisamide) facilitate weight loss?

A

lower gluconeogenisis and improve carb metabolism (results in less conversion to fat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is phentermine?

A

psychostimulant that is used primarily to cause appetite suppression and weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

topiramate/phentermine are used in conjunction for weight loss medications due to which properties?

A

improved carb metabolism and appetite suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why is naltrexone effective for weight loss?

A

opiate receptor blocker prevents reward sensation from after eating (interrupts positive re-enforcement)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is bupropion effective for weight loss?

A

appetite suppressant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is lorcaserin?

A

5HT2c receptor agonist - used as weight loss medication because it increases metabolism (by inhibiting adipocyte growth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the 3 required diagnostic criteria for DSM-5 diagnosis of anorexia nervosa?

A

1) Persistent restriction of energy intake leading to low body weight
2) Intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat
3) Body image disturbance (dysmorphism)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

T/F Missed menstrual cycles (x3) and refusal to maintain 85% typical weight can substitute for other diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa.

A

False - these criteria were from DSM4; no longer in DSM 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two subtypes of anorexia nervosa?

A

Restricting type = does not eat, does not purge

Binge/Purge Type=does binge or purge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How is anorexia nervosa scaled for severity?

A

Severity based upon BMI and classified as mild, moderate, severe, or extreme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What constitutes mild, moderate, severe, extreme anorexia nervosa?

A

Severity based upon BMI (so depends on weight and height)

Mild >17 kg/m2
Mod 16-16.99
Severe 15-15.99
Extreme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What age range is the typical start of anorexia nervosa?

A

Starts mid-teens to 20s

27
Q

T/F Individual socioeconomic status is an associated risk factor for development of anorexia nervosa

A

False - Individual Socioeconomics are not related

28
Q

T/F prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 10x females>males

A

False - 20x females>males

Though increasing in males possibly due to increased adonis complex prevalence – body dysmorphia in men (body builder vs barbie complex)

29
Q

What is the personality profile of a patient with anorexia?

A

more rigid and controlling, perfectionistic, and high achieving

(may encounter this description in vignettes - if there is a rigid of personality type described, associated with weight loss suggestive of eating disorder and choices include bulimia or anorexia - answer is anorexia)

30
Q

T/F addition rates are higher in patients with anorexia

A

False - lower!

31
Q

T/F depression/suicide/anorexia/OCD are more common in patients with anorexia

A

true

32
Q

T/F patients with anorexia exhibit delayed pschyosexual development

A

true

33
Q

T/F patients with anorexia often exhibit these associated medical issues:

Poor dentition, enamel loss, cavities
Abraided knuckles (Russell’s Sign)
Normal/overweight
Sexually active
Salivary enlargement
Esophagitis/tears/chronic esophageal reflux
Lab changes:
(low PO4, low Mg, high amylase)
A

False - those are for bulimia!

Common medical issues in anorexia include:

Weight loss
Hypothermia
Edema
Bradycardia, hypotension, syncope
Amenorrhea
Electrolyte imbalance, low K+
ST, T, QT cardiac changes
Lanugo hair
Osteoporosis
Delayed gastric emptying
Metabolic acidosis
Organ failure
34
Q

Pt presents with anorexia what are some associated medical concerns?

A

amenorrhea, osteoporosis, hair loss, muscle loss/weakness, dehydration, abnormal heart rate, bradycardia, edema, hypotension, syncope, soft downy hair growth all over body including the face (lanugo hair), depression, hypothermia, delayed gastric emptying, metabolic acidosis, organ failure

35
Q

Pt presents with:

constipation, depression, electrolyte imbalance (low PO4, low Mg, high amylase), facial/neck swelling, dehydration, GERD, tooth decay, peptic ulcers/Esophagitis/tears
, abraided knuckles (Russell’s Sign), and is sexually active with normal or increased body weight.

What do they have?

A

Bulimia

36
Q

Pt presents with:

Weight loss
Hypothermia
Edema
Bradycardia, hypotension, syncope
Amenorrhea
Electrolyte imbalance, low K+
ST, T, QT cardiac changes
Lanugo hair
Osteoporosis
Delayed gastric emptying
Metabolic acidosis
Organ failure

What diagnostic criteria must they meet to be diagnosed according to DSM-5?

A

Dx Anorexia nervosa must have:

1) Persistent restriction of energy intake leading to low body weight
2) Intense fear of gaining weight or of becoming fat
3) Body image disturbance (dysmorphism)

37
Q

T/F if 20% of typical weight is lost, anorexic patients should be hospitalized to restore nutritional state

A

true

38
Q

T/F 2-6 month hospitalization is sometimes indicated if 30% or more typical weight is lost

A

true

39
Q

T/F forced tube feeding is appropriate if severe anorexia with end organ damage, electrolyte or cardiac findings or if patient unwilling to comply

A

true - if severe enough can be committed because not competent decision maker/delusional

40
Q

Does psychotherapy help for treatment of anorexia?

A

Yes - there is controlled clinical data supporting efficacy

41
Q

Which FDA drugs are approved to treat anorexia?

A

none approved - non-compliance due to fear of weight gain is a major barrier to drug treatment

42
Q

What are the DSM 5 criteria for diagnosis of bulimia nervosa?

A

Recurrent binge eating (eating an atypically large amount in discrete period of time disproportionate to typical eating)

No anorexia present

Loss of self control over eating behavior

Must exhibit compensatory behaviors for Dx (vomiting, laxative use, enemas, diuretics, exercise)

must have binges 1x/wk for 3 months

43
Q

According to DSM 5 how frequent must binging behavior be to qualify for Dx of bulimia nervosa? Persistent for how long?

A

must have binges 1x/wk for 3 months

44
Q

vomiting, laxative use, enemas, diuretics, exercise are common among patients with bulimia nervosa. What are these symptoms called?

A

compensatory behaviors - required for DSM5 Dx!

45
Q

According to DSM 5, can a Dx for bulimia be made if there is no purging?

A

Yes 2 subtypes

Purging VS non-purging

if no purging must have other compensatory behaviors

46
Q

What is the “personality type” for bulimia?

A

erratic, emotional, chaotic personality - Outgoing, angry, impulsive traits, borderline personality, less rigid and more conflicted

in contrast to anorexic with rigid, perfectionist, obsessive compulsive, high achieving

47
Q

T/F bulimia is 10x female>male

A

true

48
Q

T/F bulimia is most common in high school aged females

A

false - college aged females

later onset than anorexia (40% of all cases in college aged women)

49
Q

T/F normal to overweight is common presentation of patients with bulimia

A

true

50
Q

What is Russell’s sign?

A

abraided knuckles - from contact with teeth during purging

51
Q

What are the expected lab findings for bulimia?

A

Low PO4, Low Mg, high amylase

52
Q

What are the approved drugs for treatment of bulimia?

A

SSRI’s - regulation of serotonin is beneficial for treatment

53
Q

T/F psychotherapy has demonstrated efficacy for treatment of bulimia in controlled clinical trials

A

true

54
Q

What is avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?

A

Failure to meet diet/energy needs
Weight loss, nutritional deficiency, supplementation needed, psychosocial distress
Doesn’t meet full anorexia criteria

55
Q

What criteria for anorexia is lacking in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder?

A

no evidence of a disturbance in the way one’s body weight or shape is experienced

56
Q

What criteria define binge eating disorder?

A

Binges
Lack of control
Ego Dystonic (self perception unduly influenced by body weight/shape)
1X/wk for 3 months

57
Q

What criteria of bulimia is absent in binge eating disorder?

A

No purging or compensations (required for bulimia Dx)

58
Q

What is Pica?

A

persistent eating of non-nutritive substance x 1mos

Not developmentally or culturally appropriate

Not medical or from intellectual disability or autism

59
Q

What time period of persistent symptoms is required for Dx of Pica

A

1 month

60
Q

What is Rumination Disorder?

A

repeated regurgitation and re-chewing of food

no weight gain

Not medical or from intellectual disability or autism

61
Q

When does rumination disorder commonly present?

A

Before age 6

62
Q

What time period of persistent symptoms is required for Dx of Rumination Disorder

A

1 month

63
Q

What differentiates over-eating from bing eating disorder?

A

significant subjective distress regarding the eating behavior

MS 2 - Unit 3 (45 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions