Behavior Theory Terminology

Question 1

2 fundamental classes of behavior

Answer 1

1. Respondent: involuntary behavior (anxiety, sexual response) that is stimulated cannot control
2. Operant: voluntary behavior (walking, talking) that is controlled

Question 2

RESPONDENT OR CLASSICAL CONDITIONING behavioral paradigms

Answer 2

RESPONDENT OR CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
(Pavlov): Learning occurs as a result of
pairing previously neutral (conditioned are thought process) stimulus with an unconditioned (involuntary) stimulus so that the conditioned stimulus eventually elicits the response normally elicited by the unconditioned
stimulus.

Question 3

Operant Techniques Term Positive reinforcement

Answer 3

Rewarding positive behavior increases probability that good behavior will occur w/.

Question 4

Operant Techniques Term Negative reinforcement

Answer 4

Behavior increases because a negative response

Question 5

Operant Techniques Term Positive punishment

Answer 5

Presentation of undesirable stimulus following a behavior for the purpose of decreasing or eliminating that behavior (i.e., hitting, shocking).

Question 6

Operant Techniques Term Negative punishment

Answer 6

Removal of a desirable stimulus following a behavior for the purpose of decreasing or eliminating that behavior (i.e., removing something positive, such
as a token or dessert).

Question 7

Behavioral Term Aversion therapy

Answer 7

Any treatment to reduce the attractiveness of the negative behavior Ex. treating alcoholism with antabuse (when someone drinks its unpleasant)

Question 8

Behavioral Term Biofeedback

Answer 8

Behavior training program that teaches a person how to control certain biological functions is often used for ADHD and panic/anxiety disorders.

Question 9

Behavioral Term Extinction

Answer 9

Withholding a reinforcer that normally follows a behavior.

Question 10

Behavioral Term Flooding

Answer 10

A treatment procedure in which a client’s anxiety is extinguished by prolonged real or imagined exposure to high-intensity feared stimuli.

Question 11

Behavioral Term In vivo desensitization

Answer 11

Pairing and movement through anxiety hierarchy from least to most anxiety provoking situation; takes place in “real” setting.

Question 12

Behavioral Term Modeling

Answer 12

Method of instruction that involves an individual (the model) demonstrating the behavior to be acquired by a client.

Question 13

Behavioral Term Rational emotive therapy (RET)

Answer 13

A cognitively oriented therapy in which a social worker
seeks to change a client’s irrational beliefs by argument, persuasion, and rational
reevaluation and by teaching a client to counter self-defeating thinking with new,
nondistressing self-statements.

Question 14

Behavioral Term Shaping

Answer 14

Method used to train a new behavior by prompting and reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior.

Question 15

Behavioral Term Systematic desensitization

Answer 15

An anxiety-inhibiting response cannot occur at the same timeas the anxiety response. Anxiety-producing stimulus is paired with relaxation-producing
response so that eventually an anxiety-producing stimulus produces a relaxation response.
At each step a client’s reaction of fear or dread is overcome by pleasant feelings engendered
as the new behavior is reinforced by receiving a reward. The reward could be a
compliment, a gift, or relaxation.

Question 16

Behavioral Term Time out

Answer 16

Removal of something desirable—negative punishment technique

Question 17

Behavioral Term Token economy

Answer 17

A client receives tokens as reinforcement for performing specified behaviors. The tokens function as currency within the environment and can be exchanged
for desired goods, services, or privileges.

Question 18

OPERANT CONDITIONING behavioral paradigms

Answer 18

(B. F. Skinner): Antecedent events or stimuli precede behaviors, which, in turn, are followed by consequences. Consequences that increase the occurrence of the behavior are referred to as reinforcing consequences; consequences that decrease the occurrence of the behavior are referred to as punishing consequences. Reinforcement aims to increase behavior frequency, whereas punishment aims to decrease it.