Basic Hose (BSM) Flashcards
A process by which air is introduced into a liquid, either by bubbling air through it or by spraying the liquid into the air at normal pressures
Aeration
Any variety of tools or devices carried on an engine that connect hoses or stream devices together
Appliance
A fire engine or ladder truck of any variety used in the fire service
Apparatus
Hose lines or fire streams used to attack, contain, or prevent the spread of fire
Attack lines
The lever shut-off device on nozzles
Bale
Refers to a bend or a fold in a hose or a rope
Bight
A 1” piece of nylon sewn into a 51” continuous loop with all safe working loads computed at a 5:1 design failure
Body loop
Body loop vertical weight load limit is ___, choke weight load limit is ___ and basket weight load limit is ___
- 300 lbs
- 225 lbs
- 600 lbs
An engine mounted water storage tank, with a minimum of 500 gallons
Booster tank
Booster tank size
Minimum 500 gallons
A booster tank is the same as a ___
Water tank
Copper zinc alloy
Brass
Term to describe hose couplings, regardless of material
Brass
An entire set of firefighter’s protective clothing that includes helmet, coat, pants, boots, and gloves
Bunker gear
Bunker gear is also called ___
Turnouts
Pump with one or more impellers that utilizes centrifugal force to move the water
Centrifugal pump
Most modern fire pumps are what type?
Centrifugal
To pressurize a fire hose or fire extinguisher
Charge
A pressure gauge that can measure positive and negative pressures
Compound gauge
An individual or group technique used to deploy hose over distance from the engine to an objective
Cross lot
A short fold or reverse bend used to allow coupling to pay out without them turning over
Dutchman
The dutchman is the same as a ___
Dog-leg
The largest discharge opening on a fire hydrant
Engine port
The engine port is that same as a ___
Steamer port
Each single fold in a hose load
Flakes
The motion characteristics of water
Flow
Hose laid from the water source to the fire
Forward lay
GPM describes ___
The rate of flow
A thin rubber o-ring that allows couplings and appliance to seat firmly and prevent leakage
Gasket
An appliance, equipped with manual valves, that allows a single hose to be split into two hoses
Gated wye
A machined 45-degree angle cut into the threaded portion of couplings that allows for quick and easy threading
Higbee cut
An indentation in the rocker lug of a coupling that indicates the location of the Higbee cut
Higbee marker/notch
The smaller 2 1/2” discharge openings on a fire hydrant
Hose port
The main hose-carrying area of a fire engine
Hose bed
IDLH
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health
The main intake valve located midship on both sides of a fire engine that may be manually or mechanically operated
Keystone
LDH
Large Diameter Hose
A bight that extends four inches beyond the 2 1/2” accordion hose load to serve as a reference for locating the couplings
Marker bight
An appliance that delivers a large quantity of water such as a deck gun, ground monitor, or ladder pipe
Master stream device
A master stream device delivers as least ___
500 GPM
When referring to hose, means to carry or drag supply hose to a specific location
Overhaul
PTO
Power take-off
Rotating shaft that transfers power from the engine to auxiliary equipment
Fire pump
A gauge that measures the fire pump discharge pressure
Pressure gauge
A device designed to release excess pressure from the fire pump
Pressure relief valve
PRV
Pressure relief valve
A small positive-displacement pump used to evacuate air from a centrifugal pump housing and hard suction hose
Priming pump
A measurement of pressure used in pumping, hydraulics, pneumatics, and operating hose streams
PSI
PSI
Pounds per square inch
Hose laid from the fire to the water source
Reverse lay
An adjustable valve plumbed into the intake side of the fire pump to mitigate any excess intake water pressure
Ross dump valve
Coupling with no distinct male or female components
Sexless coupling
A sexless coupling is the same as ___
Storz
The front (rubber bumper) part of a nozzle that rotates and determines the shape and pattern of a water stream. Turn clockwise for a straight stream and counter-clockwise for a fog stream
Shaper
A stack of hose flakes carried on the right shoulder
Shoulder load
An appliance that makes two hose lines into one
Siamese
A rigid or folding wrench used to tighten or loosen couplings
Spanner wrench
Refers to to an intake port or the intake side of an appliance
Suction
Back step of fire engine
Tailboard
Hose appliance that divides one larger hose line into three or more smaller hose lines
Tri-gate
A tri-gate is the same as a ___
Tri-gated wye
Force created by the rapid deceleration of water
Water hammer
SFD hose is rolled into ___ for storage and into ___ to transport for repair
- A single roll
- A double roll
Hose is also rolled, when necessary, to ___
Purge air so that the hose will load more compactly
The single and double rolls are to be done with the hose ___
Stretched straight, without twists or turns, and laid flat on the ground
Hose rolling is usually a ___ operation and best performed from ___
- One-person operation
- The highest grade of land to the lowest to facilitate water drainage
A second member, when available, can expedite hose rolling by ___
Assisting with stretching and laying the hose
Hose must be ___ before rolling the hose and placing into storage
Cleaned and thoroughly dried
Single roll steps
- Facing the open end of the male coupling, grasp the coupling with both hands and roll it away from the body and tightly into the hose
- Continue to roll the hose until it reaches the female coupling
- Lay the roll on its side and stamp out any protruding coils
Double roll steps
- Grasp male coupling and carry it back to the female coupling. Lay it on top of the hose about 6’ from the female coupling. Walk back to the bight
- Roll the hose from the bight end
- The female coupling should stick out a foot or two beyond the male coupling
- Lay the roll on the side and connect the couplings (a layer of hose should protect the couplings)
- Secure with three lengths of heavy-duty twine. First through the center and between the couplings and the bight and between the two outermost layers of hose
- Final two spaced evenly and around the outermost layer
How to mark a hose that has been damaged for repair
- Tie a rag around the hose at the point of damage
- Info on repair tag (F14) and attached to the hose
- Note the damaged area on the repair tag by noting the number of feet from the male coupling
Two methods of unrolling hose
- Traditional method
- Butterfly method
Traditional method of unrolling hose
Grasp the outside coupling and push the rest of the roll away, allowing the roll’s inertia to unwind it
Disadvantage of the traditional method of unrolling hose
The male coupling at the other end could become damaged as it snaps downward against the ground
When couplings are not coupled they can become ___ when violently handled
Out of round
Method of unrolling hose that works well when space is limited
Butterfly method
Butterfly method steps
- Unwind one layer of hose and standing the roll on edge
- Grasp the first layer of hose on the roll, lift it enough to create some slack, and move it to one side of the roll
- Grasp the next (now top) layer the same way and move it to the opposite size
- Continue alternating sides until the roll is deployed
- Grasp the male coupling from the center and walk away, stretching the hose out on the ground
Made
Coupled
Couplings are normally made hand-tight against the ___
Gasket
Over-tightening of a connection by two members should be avoided since ___
The connection may have to be broken by one member
Broken
Uncoupled
Before connections are started, the female coupling should be ___
Checked to ensure the gasket is in place
Couplings are made or broken while facing ___
The male coupling and turning the female swivel
From the perspective of looking at the male coupling, the female swivel is turned ___
Clockwise to make and counterclockwise to break connections
By keeping the crease of the female end of the hose slightly out of line counter-clockwise from the crease in the male end, you can ___
Turn the swivel of the female coupling in a clockwise direction until seated, and finish tightening by grasping both the female swivel and bowl firmly and turning clockwise to align the creases on both sections of hose
The exception to the rule of facing the male coupling and turning the female swivel to make a connection
When attaching lines to fixed appliances with swivels (building FDC’s), to portable appliances, and female engine connections
Start couplings quickly, and easily, by ___
Aligning the Higbee markers
When coupling hose without the Higbee marker, ___
Turn the female swivel counter-clockwise against the male coupling until a slight click is felt
One member methods of coupling hose
- Standing method
- Stepping on hose method
- Alternate stepping on hose method
One member standing method (connecting hose)
- Hold the hose between the legs, near the female coupling
- Grasp the bowl of the male coupling with the left hand, palm up, with the left elbow resting against the left thigh
- Grasp the swivel of the female coupling with the right hand and align the couplings
- Turn clock wise to make the coupling, turn counterclockwise to break
Acceptable change to the one member standing method (connecting hose)
Hold the hose at the female coupling slightly below the waist
One member stepping on hose method (connecting hose)
- With the hose on the ground, face the male coupling and place one foot directly behind the bowl of the male coupling (should change the angle of the coupling with the ground)
- Grasp the swivel of the female coupling with both hands, align, and turn clockwise. Turn counter-clockwise to break
One member alternate stepping on hose method (connecting hose)
- Place the coupling on the end of a short double fold to aid in tilting it upward
- Step on the short double fold with the left foot or knee and rotate the coupling with both hands
- Clockwise to make and counter-clockwise to break
When two members are connecting hose, it is important that ___
The member with the male coupling look completely away to eliminate the tendency to assist
When attaching the female coupling with two members, grasp the ___
Bowl with the left hand and the swivel with the right hand
How can a single member break hose using the spanner wrenches?
Kneel on the hose and alternate the spanner wrenches
One member methods of attaching nozzle
- Standing method
- Stepping on hose method
One member standing method (attach nozzle)
- Face the male coupling and grasp the bowl of the coupling with the left hand palm up while bracing the left forearm against the left thigh
- Grasp the nozzle by the barrel with the right hand at a point where the nozzle is in balance
- Align and turn the nozzle clockwise
- To remove, rotate the nozzle counter-clockwise while bracing the male coupling with the left hand
One member stepping on hose method (attach nozzle)
- Fold two short double flakes ending with the male coupling on top
- Step on the folds, just behind the male coupling with the left foot
- Align and attach the nozzle with both hands rotating clockwise
- To remove, rotate the nozzle counter-clockwise with the left foot stepping on the hose, just behind the male coupling
If the female coupling of the nozzle has a moveable swivel (like the TFT Midmatic or Handline nozzles), ___
Grasp the barrel with the left hand and turn the swivel with the right hand
A shoulder-load is a ___
Method of carrying hose to an objective
Pull and lift the shoulder-load with the ___
Arm and leg muscles
Maintain the flakes of the shoulder-load in an ___
Upright position with the arms and hands providing support
The flakes of the shoulder-load should be positioned ___
With 1/3 of the length in front of the body and 2/3 in back with the nozzle or coupling at slightly above the waist
Shoulder-loading stretched hose
- After the hydrant has been shut down, pressure released, and all couplings have been broken, straighten the hose line and eliminate all kinks
- Start with the coupling farthest from the engine if on flat ground. Start with the coupling at the highest elevation if on a grade
- Face the hose and place the initial coupling against the front of the body about chest high
- Pass the hose over the right shoulder to form a bight behind the knee
- Form another flake in front of the body with the bight slightly above the waist
- Continue, when the other coupling is reached, lift it from the ground and press it onto the top of the should-load at chest height
- Carry to the engine and lay it on the ground in position for loading, parallel to the tailboard and three feet away
Shoulder-loading a flaked bundle
- Dress the hose on the ground so that the flakes are parallel and free of entanglement
- Stand alongside the hose, adjacent to the nozzle or male coupling, or the last flake to be extended
- Kneel down next to the hose while facing the nozzle or front of the hose bundle
- Using both hands, gather and squeeze the flakes together, lifting the bights from the ground
- Lift the bundle and place it flat on the shoulder
If the bundle to shoulder load is significantly messy and you are in a hurry ___
The front third of the bundle is the most important part to dress prior to attempting to shoulder-load the bundle
Shoulder-loading hose from the engine (1 3/4” Pre-connect shoulder load)
- Face the open end of the hose slot and grasp the entire bundle with both hands and pull it 1/3 of the way out of the slot
- Pivot toward the hose, turning the back toward the hose slot, placing the bottom flake of the bundle on the right shoulder
- The nozzle and front flakes should be at the belt line
- Hold the bundle tightly in front of the body with both hands
- Step away from the engine in a straight line and pull the bundle out of the slot
- Continue to move away from the engine stretching out the slack behind, allowing the hose to pay out gradually from the top, one flake at a time
- The tie-rope will have to be removed once about 25’ away from the tailboard
- Excess working line is arranged to be free of kinks and is placed into a configuration for easy advancement
Shoulder-loading hose from the engine (1 3/4” apartment bundle shoulder-load) (1-person carry)
- Face the open end of the hose slot
- Grasp the entire bundle and pull it 1/3 of the way out of the slot
- Pivot toward the hose, the nozzle and front flakes should be at the belt line
- Pull both bundles partially out of the slot and shoulder-load
- Hold the bundles tightly in front of the body with both hands
- Step away from the engine in a straight line and pull the remainder of the bundles completely out of the slot
Shoulder-loading hose from the engine (1 3/4” apartment bundle shoulder-load) (2-person carry)
- Face the open end of the hose slot
- Grasp the top bundle and pull it 1/3 of the way out of the slot
- Pivot toward the hose, turning the back towards the hose slot, and place the bottom flake of the top bundle on the right shoulder
- First firefighter (heel) shoulder loads the top 100’ section and steps away from the tailboard
- Second firefighter (nozzle) shoulder loads the bottom sections and steps off the tailboard
- Both firefighters proceed towards the water source, taking care to not drag the hose between them
- Once connected to water, the team will advance together. The rear member will allow the hose to stretch behind them and pay out from the top flake of their load
- As the rear member notices the last flake is about to pull off, they shout “stretch” and allow the last flake to drop from the shoulder
- The forward member now pays out hose in the same way until the objective is reached
- Any excess working line is arranged to be free of kinks and into a configuration to allow easy advancement
1 3/4” apartment bundle
200’ of hose, 1 3/4” nozzle, and a 2 1/2” to 1 1/2” Bell Reducer
2 1/2” hose shoulder-load from 2 1/2” bulk bed
- Face the 2 1/2” bulk bed from the tailboard
- Grasp the leftmost bundle (first 100’ tied together with the nozzle attached) with the right hand just under the nozzle and the left hand on top of the bundle
- Lift the bights slightly and pull the shoulder-load about 1/3 of the way out of the bed
- Pivot toward the hose turning the back toward the hose bed and placing the bottom flake flat on the right shoulder, nozzle and front flakes should be at the belt line
- Pull the bundle partially out of the slot and shoulder-load
- Hold the bundle tightly in front of the body with both hands, step away from the engine in a straight line, and pull the remainder of the bundle out of the slot
- Additional shoulder-loads, if necessary, are removed my other firefighters in a similar manner
- The hose should not be broken until it is determined that the amount removed is sufficient, until the stretch has been completed, or of the hose is to be connected to a water source separate from the engine
Shoulder load additional 100’ section of 2 1/2” (single firefighter operation)
- After shoulder loading the nozzle bundle on the right shoulder, turn back to the engine and grasp the bottom of the next bundle
- Pull out 1/3, and shoulder-load the second section on the left shoulder
- Step away from the engine until the bundle is removed, and pay out the hose as you advance
Large Diameter Hose Shoulder-Load
- Uncouple the LDH from the tri-gate while facing the LDH bed
- Place the coupling against the front of the body just above the waistline
- Pass the hose over the right shoulder and form a bight behind the knee joint
- Continue to form flakes, keeping the bights in front of the body above the waist
- When the first section (50’) has been shoulder-loaded and is within 10’ of the coupling, move back several steps to allow a second member to shoulder load the next section
- Second member faces the hose bed, with the coupling in front of them, and the hose lead running along their left side
- Pick up and pass the coupling across the body (from the left foot over the right shoulder) and shoulder loads the rest of the hose. Coupling should be at the small of the back
- Additional members shoulder load the hose in this manner until the designated amount has been loaded and the final coupling has been broken.
- Turn away from the hose load (counter-clockwise pivot 180 degrees to the left), allowing the top flake to drop from the shoulder loads
- Rear most member should be holding the final coupling in front of the body at about chest level
Overhauling LDH (Crosslotting LDH)
- Uncouple the LDH from the tri-gate
- Grasp the female coupling with both hands and pull about 10’ from the hose bed
- While turning away from the engine, form a bight in the hose about 4’ behind the coupling
- Place the newly formed flake on the right shoulder with the bight in front of the body and the coupling against the back (it is unsafe to place an arm through the bight in front of the body)
- Move quickly away from the engine, pulling the hose from the hose bed. Look back frequently and pause slightly when the next coupling emerges from the hose bed
- As the coupling emerges, a second member facing away from the engine, grasps the hose, places it on their shoulder with the coupling along the back
- Remove hose until the objective is reached. If staffing is limited each member may stretch two sections with members spaced at every other coupling
Overhauling LDH (Crosslotting LDH with the tri-gate attached)
- Two members begin by picking up the tri-gate by the handles and advancing towards the objective
- As the couplings emerge, they pause to allow another member to place the hose over their shoulder. If staffing is limited members may stretch two sections with members spaced at every other coupling
Loading 500’ 2 1/2” Bulk Bed
- Prepare for loading by arranging in flakes near the rear of the engine. Flakes should run parallel to the tailboard with the male coupling nearest the engine, neatly arranged against the previous section and progressively away from the engine, keeping free of twists and entanglements. Do not make any coupling connections at this time
- Place the first male coupling hanging 4” past the end of the bed at the far right side of the open end of the 2 1/2” hose bed
- Hold the coupling in place and pass the hose, flat, toward the closed end of the compartment
- Make a bight to form a flake about 8’ at the closed end of the compartment
- Build a vertical stack with bights even with the rear of the hose bed, leaving the first female coupling at the top of the stack flush with the bights at the open end
- Tie with a bundle tie around all but the top flake, tie about 18” back from the bights
- Take the next 100’ and place the male at the bottom 4” past the end of the bed
- Build a second vertical stack similar to, and just left of the first one. Unsure a full flake on the top and tuck the female back under the top flake (to prevent twists in the hose) and connect to the male in the first (right) stack
- Repeat and build 4 stacks. All bundles should be tied about 18” back from the bights with the top flake left free
- The last bundle in the bed is the nozzle bundle. Attach a nozzle to the last section of hose. Place the nozzle on the bottom of the hose bed (left side) with the pistol grip up and the bale closed and down. The tip of the nozzle should be even with the bights of the prior bundles
- All bights in the nozzle bundle should pass over the pistol grip and be even with the tip of the nozzle. Ensure a full flake on top and tuck the female back under the top flake to prevent twists in the hose, and connect to the male in the prior stack
- Tie about 18” back from the bights with the top flake left free
If the fire apparatus hose bed wont support 5 vertical stacks of hose, use the ___
Plan B bulk load
Plan B bulk load
Flat load for the bottom 200’ of 2 1/2” hose with three vertical stacks of 100’ instead of 5
Loading LDH (flat load)
- Place the male LDH coupling, with 4” to 2 1/2” reducer coupling attached, on the right side of the hose bed, just past the open end of the hose bed
- Pass the hose straight back onto the bed, all they way to the closed end of the compartment
- Form a bight at the closed end of the bed and lead the hose back up to the open end.
- Keep the hose directly on top of the first flake for about half way, and then adjust so that it runs against and parallel to the first flake for the remainder distance
- Form a bight even with the open end of the hose bed and pass it back to the closed end.
- Continue in this manner until reaching the left side, at which point form the hose in the opposite manner until all hose has been loaded
- When the coupling is reached, attach the next section of hose and position the coupling within 3’ of the open end
Loading the 1 3/4” Apartment Bundle (slot load)
- Prepare for loading by arranging the two unconnected bundles at the rear of the engine, flakes running parallel to the tailboard with the male coupling of the first bundle nearest the tailboard
- Place the 1 3/4” nozzle on the hose and build a flat loaded vertical stack with the first section with the bale down and closed and the pistol grip up
- Tie the bundle but leave the last flake out of the tied bundle
- Attach the male of the second bundle and continue to build a vertical stack with the second 100’ of 1 3/4” hose
- Attach a 2 1/2” to 1 1/2” bell reducer to the female on the top bundle
- Tie the top bundle leaving 1 loose flake between the two tied bundles (tie ropes should be tied tight and with a quick release knot positioned at the top of the bundle
Loading the 1 3/4” pre-connect (slot load)
- Prepare the hose for loading by arranging the two unconnected bundles in flakes at the rear of the engine. The flakes should run parallel to the tailboard with the male coupling of the first bundle nearest the tailboard. Attach the nozzle to that first coupling
- Place the nozzle in the slot and allow it to extent 6” to 9” out from the open end of the slot
- Pass the hose towards the back of the slot and form a series of vertically stacked flakes until the first 100’ section is loaded (the bights at the open end should align with each other, 6” to 9” from the slot opening
- Connect the male coupling from the second bundle to the female coupling on top of the first bundle
- Flake the second bundle in a vertical stack on top of the first bundle until the full 200’ have been loaded
- Finish the load by connecting the final female coupling to the pre-connect discharge outlet
- Tie the 200’ load and nozzle with a tie rope at the slot opening, leaving the top 3 bights untied to allow for slack while shoulder-loading and advancing the line
- Tuck the hose, leading from the discharge outlet, between the hose bundle and the left side wall of the slot. Wedge just the top few inches to keep the top flakes securely in position
Loading the 2 1/2” pre-connect (“Blitz line” slot load)
- Prepare the hose for loading by arranging the two unconnected bundles in flakes at the rear of the engine. The flakes should run parallel to the tailboard with the female coupling of the first bundle nearest the tailboard
- Connect the female end of the 2 1/2” hose to the appropriate discharge port
- Load the hose into the hose slot in a vertical stack
- The flakes at the open end should extend 6” to 9” from the slot opening. The bottom and/or middle flake, of the bottom 100” may be kept intentionally long to facilitate a single member reaching back to stretch the entire 200’
- Continue loading in this manner until there is 10’ or less remaining when measured from the open end of the hose bed
- This hose and the male coupling are passed on top of the previously loaded hose and out of the closed end of the hose bed
- Attach the nozzle to the second bundle and begin loading the second 100’ by placing the nozzle bale down and pistol grip up in the slot with the tip even with the protruding folds of the first bundle
- The hose of the second bundle is passed back into the hose slot and flaked in vertical stacks the same as the first bundle
- The male end of the first section of hose and the remaining female coupling from the second section are connected and placed on top of the hose bundle
A fire stream emerging under pressure from a nozzle always exerts force in the ___ of the water flow
Opposite direction
Members to control a 2 1/2” attack line
Minimum of two, but recommend three or four
Rules that apply to every attack line connection
- Do not release the bundle tie ropes until you are ready to either make the connection or stretch the line
- After making a connection, check the valves or gates to be sure that they are either open or closed, whichever is required
- As soon as the line has been connected or anchored, and the valves checked, carry and stretch the shoulder-load to the objective
After the stretch of the attack line has been completed, ___
The necessary valves or gates should be opened
The gate on the tri-gate connected to the attack line may be left either open or closed, depending on ___
The officer’s decision, which depends on the type of evolution being performed
Stretching from a standpipe outlet with two members
- The bell reducer and top two flakes of the apartment bundle are dropped at the interior standpipe connection
- Line is stretched to the objective
- One member returns to make the connection
- Connects a pressure gauge, the bell reducer, and then opens the standpipe valve at the gall for water gating up to the desired pressure
Stretching from a standpipe outlet with three members
The third member anchors the line and makes the connection to the standpipe while the other two members make the stretch
Stretching from the engine
The pump operator will open the appropriate discharge valves at the call for water, or as directed by the officer
Operating a single person 2 1/2” line
- Stretch the 2 1/2” attack line to the objective
- Form a loop in the nozzle end of the line about 18’ in diameter, bringing the nozzle back around to a point where it is once again aimed at the objective
- Cross the nozzle under the hose allowing it to extent about 30” beyond the loop. The hose behind the crossing point should run in a straight line from the nozzle for at least 10’
- The hose should be secured to itself at the crossing point with a body loop using a round turn and two half hitches
- The operator sits on the hose at the crossing point
- While operating, the operator must never remove their hands from the bale
Three rules that apply to advancing hose regardless of the condition of the hose or where it is being advanced
- Minimum of two members assigned to any hose line entering a building
- Upon arrival at the objective, any remaining hose line must be arranged to be free of kinks and easily advanced - stacked into coils or flaked out
- Control of the nozzle must be maintained at all times
Most efficient way to deploy the final sections of hose, prior to charging the hose with water, if there are no obstacles or the attack line is being charged outside the building
Create large flakes
How to flake excess hose that is intended to enter a structure or be used
- Lay down the excess hose outside in a neat bundle
- Grab one, or two, center flakes from the neat bundle (depending on how much hose is left)
- Stretch the hose straight back from the intended objective
Be mindful of ___ when flaking hose outside a building entrance
Equipment and personnel that will need to use the entrance
Best practice when flaking out hose in front of an entrance that may need to be used by other equipment and personnel
Avoid setting down a hose bundle directly in front of the entry point. Try and prepare and charge the hose 10 or more feet way from the door and to one side or the other then possible
When flaking hose outside of an entrance, pay attention to the building you are entering and orient your long flakes to ___
Ensure that the front door is not the first pinch point that will create excess friction
Allows for a neat and compact charged handline
Coiling hose
A coil will allow the nozzle and subsequent hose to ___
Pay off the top of the bundle and be easily deployed to a desired location
___ make good use of a coiled hose
Stairwells and tight hallways
Coils will allow the firefighter to ___ until stretching is required
Carry a charged coil on their shoulder for a period
Coiling hose
- Lay the excess hose down on the ground in a neat bundle (should remain tied if possible until it is on the ground)
- Kneel at the bundle, untie it
- Slide the nozzle close to your knees
- Beginning with the second flake of hose, pick up every other flake until the last flake is reached
- Lift and separate them from the rest of the bundle
- Place the hose gathered away and to the front of the rest of the hose to create a coil (the nozzle end of the hose must be coming off the top of the coil)
- Charge the line
Advancing uncharged attack lines
Avoid pinch points, make sure every door passed through is securely wedged open. Man doors are preferred over rollup doors when located in close proximity
Using either ___ can be effective in advancing a charged line
An arm lock or a body loop
When advancing a charged attack line, position members ___
At areas that make it difficult to advance the hose line
Areas that make it difficult to advance a charged attack line
- Corners
- Stairways
- Other friction points
How can strategically positioned members assist the advancement of the charged attack line around difficult areas
Shuffling the hose past these areas
Advancing attack lines up or down stairs
- If possible, advance the line before it is charged, lay the line against the outside wall to avoid sharp bends and pinch points on the landings
- If no wall separates the staircases, it may be best to pass the hose straight up the well opening (anchor the line to the railing at the appropriate landing, using a body loop) (only use if less than 100’)
Advancing charged attack lines from a stairway landing
- The hose is connected to the standpipe on the floor below the fire and then laid to the fire floor
- Coil the excess hose remaining in the shoulder load, charge, and lean against a hallway wall to conserve space
Extending charged attack lines if advancing the charged line becomes impossible due to obstacles or a lack of hose
- Most SFD nozzles provide a 1 1/2” male coupling after the shaper tip is removed from the nozzle
- Extension hose and nozzle can be attached directly to the nozzle’s bale after the tip is removed (bale must be tied in the open position)
- If extending 2 1/2” hose, extending the line should be done using a hose clamp behind the nozzle
Hoisting or lowering a hose line using a rope
- Tie the end of the roof (utility) rope to the hose 4’ behind the nozzle using a hose knot, then place a half-hitch on both sides of the shutoff
- Shoulder-load the hose as it comes up or down
- If the hose is being hoisted, tie the roof rope off inside the window or on the roof, remove the half hitches, and spread the hose know while the line is fed through it
- Allow the hose knot to tighten and hold the attack line in place
- Reversed for lowering
Carry uncharged line up a ladder with body loops
- Place the should-loads of hose on the ground near the right beam of the ladder, the nozzle will be right next to the ladder and each bundle placed progressively to the right and slightly behind
- First member grasps the nozzle, faces the ladder, placed the nozzle over the left shoulder with the hose crossing the front of the body to the right side
- Secure a body loop to the hose, using a hose knot at about knee height
- Place the other end of the body loop over the right shoulder
- Climb
- Second member secures a body loop to the hose at either 50’ or 100’ depending on staffing and amount of hose
- Place body loop over the right shoulder and begin climbing
- Additional members continue in the same way (if there is a coupling, fasten the hose knot just behind the coupling)
- When the first member reaches the top, step over the hose and sill with the right foot
- First member stops on the floor to test floor integrity, and then steps into the room
- First member steps on the hose to counteract the weight of the line while removing the body loop from the line
- Move the nozzle from the back to the chest, remove the foot from the hose, face the ladder, shoulder-load the first section
- Second member continues to climb, keeping the hose in a loop at the right side of the ladder
- At the top of the ladder, stop, grasp the hose leading up to the first member with the left arm between the rungs and passes the line hand over hand to the first member
- When the first bundle has been shoulder-loaded, step off the ladder into the room, face the ladder, bring the incoming hose across the chest from the left hip to the right shoulder
- Shoulder load the hose on the right shoulder
- Last member uses a body loop and secures the hose to the ladder with a clove hitch on the first rung above the windowsill
- Start the stretch by turning to the left and dropping off the top flake
Carry uncharged line up a ladder without body loops
- Same as with body loops except the first member places the nozzle over the left shoulder onto the back, with the lead running across the chest from the left shoulder to the right hip
- Following members place the hose over their right shoulders
Carry uncharged line up a fire escape
- Place the initial shoulder-load of hose to the right of the fire escape, with remaining shoulder loads placed progressively to the right and slightly behind the first
- First member secures a body loop to the nozzle, using a hose knot directly behind the nozzle shut off, places the body loop over the right shoulder, and begins to climb
- Second member standing to the left of the hose facing the ladder, secures a body loop 15’ behind the first member
- Additional members to the same at appropriate intervals
- After stepping onto the landing, step on the hose, remove the body loop, and prepare to shoulder load the hose
- Second member passes the hose hand over hand to the first member who places the nozzle on the chest and shoulder-loads the hose onto the right shoulder
- Second member steps into the building, face the landing, bring the hose across the chest from the left hip to the right shoulder, and shoulder-load the hose
- Last member ties the hose to the rung of the ladder above the landing using a clove hitch around the rung
- All members pivot to the left, dropping a flake, and stretching the hose to the objective
If a roof ladder is used to gain access to the fire escape ladder, set the hooks ___
Over a rung on the fire escape
Carry uncharged line down a ladder or fire escape
- Shoulder-load hose to the window, the body loop is released from the ladder and the member climbs down the ladder
- Break the hose at the first coupling on the ground
- Member at the top lays the shoulder-load on the floor next to the opening and feeds one section to the member on the ground, who shoulder-loads it
- When the nozzle reaches the top of the ladder, the last member secures a body loop to the nozzle behind the shut off or places the nozzle over the shoulder with the lead across the chest
- Climb down
Carry and operate a charged line from a ladder
- First member attaches a body loop to the line with a hose knot 12” behind the coupling to which the nozzle is attached
- Second and third members attach their loops at 10’ intervals behind the first
- After the body loops are over the right shoulder, approach the ladder at a 45 degree angle and start climbing
- Climb
- Second and third member keep the hose clear of the ladder and to the right
- First member stops when the head is even with the first opening above the windowsill
- First member grasps the beam of the ladder with the left hand and guides the nozzle over the first rung above the sill with the right hand and slips out of the body loop, allowing the weight of the hose to rest on the second and third members
- Upon command of the first member, assist in placing the nozzle by lifting on the hose. Ensure the ladder tip is secured to the building
- Secure the line to the ladder using a clove hitch around the rung above the hose
- Adjust the slack out of the body loop so that it can compensate for the nozzle reaction
- First member straddles the line and reaches through the rungs with both hands, placing one hand on the shut off and the other on the barrel
- At first members command, climb down one rung and tie their body loops to the ladder, adjusting to take a strain on the line
- Second member climbs up the ladder to one rung below the first member
- Second member reaches around the body of the first member, grasps the beams with both hands to hold both members to the ladder
- Third member climbs down and foots the ladder
Carry a charged line down a ladder
Same as carrying up a ladder but in reverse order
(Both the bale and shaper of the nozzle should be closed when climbing a ladder)
(While drilling, only operate the nozzle bale at 1/4 of its open position)
Safety practices for operating a hydrant
- Always operate fully opened or fully closed
- Always open and close slowly
- Stand behind the hydrant when opening the main stem
- Use caution and common sense when operating the main stem
- Don’t be alarmed by water coming up from the base when the main stem is operated
Why should hydrants be opened or closed slowly?
Fast operation causes water hammer and could result in a broken water main, broken water meter, etc
Why to stand behind the hydrant when opening the main stem?
The caps can be blown off and the pressure can be as high as 150 psi
How many turns to open a hydrant for the drain valve to close?
3 to 5 turns
If the hydrant is left to drain out from the base for a length of time with the drain valve running, it may ___
Damage the drip valve rubber and necessitate valve replacement
Hose is removed from the engine and dried after it has been ___
Charged
Hose is cleaned and changed whenever it becomes ___
Soiled
___ may be used for hose that has been in contact with oils, tars, or chemicals
Mild soap or detergent
Hose that has been used to pump saltwater shall be ___
Thoroughly washed and flushed with water before drying. Before flushing, the coupling should be left loosened with the gaskets removed to allow for complete flushing
Any hose not used for ___ shall be rotated
30 days
Complete instructions for the testing of fire hose and appliances are included in the ___
SFD Policy and Operating Guidelines
The female hose couplings should be checked for ___ after each use and before ___
- Gaskets
- Loading on the engine
Files are stored in engine toolboxes for removing ___ from coupling threads
Burrs
___ provides the only lubricant to be applied to couplings and swivels
Support services
Nozzles should be visually inspected after each use to be sure that ___
- The molded rubber fog teeth are undamaged.
- The rubber bumper is screwed forward to protect the tip and avoid dirt and grime accumulation inside the shaper.
- The coupling gasket must be present
- Bale manipulated to test for smooth operation of the ball valve
- Screen (Gasket grabber) inside the barrel should be checked and any trapped particles and debris removed
Hose and couplings get their name based on the ___
Inner diameter of the hose
SFD hose sizes carried
4”, 2 1/2”, and 1 3/4”
Hose couplings are referred to as coupling, not ___
Adapters
If a coupling has the same thread, orientation, and size on both ends, it is called a ___
Double male or double female
Orientation of coupling refers to ___
Male or female
If a coupling has the same thread and orientation on both ends, but they are of unequal size, this is called ___
A sister or brother coupling
When a coupling is described, it is referred to from the ___
Female end to the male end. It is also indicated whether the coupling is reducing or increasing the size of the hose/connection
In most of the engine evolutions water flows from the ___
Female end to the male end
Seattle hydrants have a ___ port that has ___ threads
- 4”
- ST
All 50’ sections of 4” hose carried on SFD engines have ___ threads
4” NST
What is the hydrant adapter used for ___
To adapt the male ST threads from the hydrant to the female NST threads of the hose
Used to adapt male NST threads to female ST threads
Soft suction adapter (Red dot coupling)
Common couplings used
- 2 1/2” Double male
- 2 1/2” Double female
- 4” Double male
- 4” Double female
- 2 1/2” to 4” increaser
- 4” to 2 1/2” reducer
- 2 1/2” to 1 1/2” reducer
- 2 1/2” to 3/4” reducer (for Jiffy-hose)
- Brother coupling (2 1/2” to 4”)
- Sister coupling (2 1/2” to 4”)
- Storz to 4” (NST) adapter
- 4” NST to 4” ST double female
- Hydrant adapter (4” ST to 4” NST)
- Red dot coupling (4” NST to 4” ST)
