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Medical Terminology > Basic > Flashcards

Basic Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Arthritis

A

Arthr - joint

Itis- inflammation

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2
Q

Biology

A

Bio- life
Log- study
Y- process or condition

Biology process of studying life

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3
Q

Biopsy

A

Bi/o life
Ops-viewing
Y-process or condition

Biopsy process of viewing living tissue removed from the body.

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4
Q

Carcinoma

A

Carcin- cancer or cancerous
Oma tumor or mass

Carcinoma is a cancerous tumor. Carcinomas grow from the epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body and line organs, cavities and tubes within the body.

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5
Q

Cardiology

A

Cardi heart
Log- study
Y- process

Cardiology is the process of studying the heart

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6
Q

Cephalic

A

Cephal head
Ic pertaining to

Cephalic presentation describes “head first” position for the delivery of an infant.

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7
Q

Cerebrum

Cerebrovascular

A

Cerebr -cerebrum largest part of the brain
Al - pertaining to
Vascul- blood vessel

Cerebrovascular

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8
Q

Adenoma

A

Aden - gland

Oma- tumor or mass

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9
Q

Azot/o

A

Nitrogen

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10
Q

Dips /o

A

Thirst

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11
Q

Ket/o

A

Ketone bodies

Ketoacids and acetone

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12
Q

Keton/o

A

Ketone bodies

Ketoacids and acetone

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13
Q

Natro/o

A

Sodium

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14
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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15
Q

Vesic/o

A

Urinary bladder

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16
Q

-ectasis

A

Dilation; widening

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17
Q

-esis

A

Action; condition; state of

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18
Q

-lithiasis

A

Condition of stones

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19
Q

-osis

A

Condition; usually abnormal

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20
Q

Cali/o

A

Calyx; cup shaped in kidney off the renal pelvis

Calyces plural

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21
Q

Calic/o

A

Calyx; cup shaped in kidney off the renal pelvis

Calyces plural

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22
Q

Cele/o

A

Hernia

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23
Q

Crin/o

A

Secrete

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24
Q

Gluc/o

A

Glucose; sugar

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25
Q

Glyc/o

A

Glucose; sugar

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26
Q

Glycos/o

A

Glucose; sugar

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27
Q

Glycogen/o

A

Glucose; animal starch

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28
Q

Gon/ o

A

Seed

Example gonorrhea flow of seeds

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29
Q

-graph

A

Instrument for recording

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30
Q

-graphy

A

Process of recording

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31
Q

Hist/o

A

Tissue

Example histologist

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32
Q

-gram

A

Record

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33
Q

Faci/o

A

Face

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34
Q

isch/o

A

Hold back; back

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35
Q

Poly-

A

Many; much; increased

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36
Q

Retro-

A

Behind; back; backward

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37
Q

-plasia

A

Development; formation; growth

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38
Q

Phleb/o

A

Vein

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39
Q

Ab-

A

Away from

Example Abductor

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40
Q

Acr/o

A

Extremities; top; extreme point

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41
Q

Acous/o

A

Hearing

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42
Q

Acu/o

A

Sharp; severe; sudden

Example: acute

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43
Q

Ad-
Or
-ad

A

Toward

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44
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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45
Q

Adip/o

A

Fat

Example adipose tissue

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46
Q

Af-

A

Toward

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47
Q

-algesia

A

Sensitivity to pain

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48
Q

-algia

A

Pain

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49
Q

Amni/o

A

Amnion (sac surrounding the embryo)

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50
Q

Amyl/o

A

Starch

Example amylase starch enzyme

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51
Q

An/o

A

Anus

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52
Q

Ana-

A

Up; apart; backward; again; anew

Example: anabolism the process of building up large proteins from small protein pieces called amino acids.

53
Q

Andr/o

A

Male

54
Q

Angi/o

A

Vessel (blood)

Example angiocardigram
Record of heart blood vessels

55
Q

Jejun/o

A

Jejunum the second section of the small intestines

56
Q

Labi/o

A

Lip

57
Q

-lapse

A

Slide; fall; sag

58
Q

Mega-

A

Large

59
Q

-megaly

A

Enlargement

60
Q

Melan/o

A

Black

61
Q

Meta-

A

Change; beyond

Example: metatarsal

62
Q

Metr /o

A

Uterus; womb; measure

63
Q

Metri/o

A

Uterus (womb)

64
Q

Arthr/o

A

Joint

Also articul/o

65
Q

Arter/o

A

Artery

Also
Arteri/o

66
Q

Arteri/o

A

Artery

67
Q

Axillo/o

A

Armpit

68
Q

Bi-

A

Two

69
Q

Bi/o

A

Life

70
Q

Bil/I

A

Bile; gall

71
Q

Blephar/o

A

Eyelid

72
Q

Bol/o

A

Cast; throw

Example: catabolism
Cata- down
Bol/o cast; down
-ism process or condition

Breaking down complex nutrients to simpler substances and energy is released. Part of metabolic process done in mitrochondria in a cells cytoplasm

73
Q

Enureis

A

Involuntary discharge of urine bed wetting

74
Q

Nocturia

A

Voluntary frequent urination at night

75
Q

-tripsy

A

Crushing

Example : lithotripsy urinary tract stones are crushed. The extracorporeal method used shock waves directed toward stone from outside the body (extra=outside; corp/o= body). Abbreviation for procedure is ESWL (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy)

76
Q

List two root words and one suffix that mean birth.

A

Nat/i
Toc/o
-partum

77
Q

List three root words that mean blood vessel

A

angi/o
Vas/o
vascul/o

78
Q

List two root words that mean bile

A

Bil/i

Chol/e

79
Q

List two root words that mean urinary bladder

A

Cyst/o

Vesic/o

80
Q
  • rrhage

- rrhagia

A

Bursting forth

81
Q

-pnea

A

Breathing

82
Q

Chondr/o

A

Cartilage

83
Q

-chezia

A

Defecation (elimination of waste)

Example hematochezia, blood in poop

84
Q

-penia

A

Deficiency

85
Q

Plas/o
-plasia
troph/o
-trophy

A

Development

86
Q

-ptosis

A

Falling

87
Q

-phage

Phag/o

A

Eat; swallow

88
Q

-ptosis

A

Drooping

89
Q

-pepsia

A

Digestion

90
Q

Anorexia

A

No appetite can’t eat

91
Q

Voiding; micturition

A

Urination or urea

92
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Hormone secreted by the kidney that stimulates formation of red blood cells in bone marrow

93
Q

Renin

A

Hormone made by the kidney to increase blood pressure

94
Q

Hilum

A

Notch on the surface of the kidney where blood vessels and nerves enter.

95
Q

Viscera

A

Organs

96
Q

Trigone

A

Triangular area in the bladder where ureters and urethra meet up

97
Q

Renal medulla

A

Inner region of the kidney

98
Q

CKD

A

Chronic kidney disease a condition during which serum creatinine and BUN levels rise, which may result in impairment of all body systems. Use to be called CRF chronic renal failure

99
Q

Cystoscopic examination is called a

A

Cysto

100
Q

Abbreviation for acute renal injury

A

AKI

101
Q

eGFR tests what?

A

Estimated glomerular filtration rate in the kidneys

102
Q

KUB tests what?

A

Kidneys, ureters and bladder

103
Q

-ism

A

Process of

104
Q

Chromosomes

A

Rod shaped structures in the cell nucleus containing regions of DNA called genes. Each cell (except egg or sperm cells) have 23 pairs (or 46 rods). Reproductive cells only have 23 RODS… To match to the donor reproductive cell.

105
Q

Supine

A

Patient lying on his back and face UP

106
Q

Prone position

A

Patient lying on his belly

107
Q

Superificial

A

On the surface.

108
Q

Dorsal

A

Posterior back side of body

109
Q

Ventral

A

Anterior, front side of body

110
Q

Abdominopelvic regions right and left region below the rib cartilage.

A

Right and left hypochondriac region

111
Q

Abdominopelvic regions right and left middle region near waist.

A

Right and left lumbar region

112
Q

Abdominopelvic regions right and left lower region near the groin also called iliac region.

A

Right and left inguinal or iliac region.

113
Q

Abdominopelvic regions upper mid area houses sternum, stomach part of liver.

A

Epigastric region

114
Q

Abdominopelvic region mid middle houses transverse colon majority of small intestines.

A

Umbilical region

115
Q

Abdominopelvic region lower middle region houses the sigmoid colon, bladder

A

Hypogastric region

116
Q

Spinal column regions. Name the neck and number of vertebrae.

A

Cervical

7

117
Q

Spinal column regions. Name the chest region and number of vertebrae.

A

Thoracic

12

118
Q

Spinal column regions. Name the loin/ waist or flank region ( between the ribs and hip bone) and number of vertebrae.

A

Lumbar

5

119
Q

Spinal column regions. Name the pelvic region and number of vertebrae.

A

Sacral

5 bones fused to form one called sacrum

120
Q

Spinal column regions. Name the tailbone region and number of vertebrae.

A

Coccygeal

4 fused bones to form one called coccyx

121
Q

Body cavity (a space within the body that contains internal organs/viscera). Name the cavity that contains the brain, pituitary gland?

A

Cranial cavity

122
Q

Body cavity (a space within the body that contains internal organs/viscera). Name the cavity that contains the lungs, heart, esphogus, trachea, etc.

A

Thoracic cavity which is divided into 2 smaller cavities.
Pleural cavity-the space between the folds of the pleura membrane surrounding each lung.

Mediastinum-centrally located space outside of/between lungs. Contains heart. Aorta, trachea,esphogus,thymus gland, bronchial tubes, lymph nodes.

123
Q

Body cavity (a space within the body that contains internal organs/viscera). Name the cavity that contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, pancreas, liver, gall bladder.

A

Abdominal cavity.

Peritoneum is the double folded membrane surrounding the abdominal cavity.

124
Q

Body cavity (a space within the body that contains internal organs/viscera). Name the cavity that contains portion of small & large intestines, rectum, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters.

A

Pelvic cavity

125
Q

Body cavity (a space within the body that contains internal organs/viscera). Name the cavity that contains the nerves of the spinal cord.

A

Spinal cavity

126
Q

Peritoneum

A

Double folded membrane in the abdominal cavity to protect and keep organs warm.

127
Q

Retroperitoneal

A

Area on either side of the backbone that contain kidneys and adrenal glands

128
Q

Diaphragm

A

A muscular wall dividing abdominal and thoracic cavities

129
Q

Omentum

A

Part of peritoneum in the front of the abdomen. It contains fat and hangs loosely like an apron over the intestines to keep them warm.

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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