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MC_103 | Microbiology and Parasitology > Bacteria and Archaea > Flashcards

Bacteria and Archaea Flashcards

1
Q

Invariably have a nuclear material and aren’t complex membrane-bound organelles

A

Bacteria and Archaea

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2
Q

The inclusions

A

Bacterial Cells

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3
Q

Simple
Two-dimensional

A

Ordinary Microscope

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4
Q

Three-dimensional
Rod-shaped

A

Electron Microscope

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5
Q

Functions of the Bacteria

A

Reproduction
Metabolism
Nutrient Processing

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6
Q

Sizes of the Bacteria

A

Average
Thiomargarita Magnifica / Largest
Smallest

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7
Q

1 um

A

Average

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8
Q

750 um

A

Thiomargarita Magnifica / Largest

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9
Q

200-500 um

A

Smallest

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10
Q

Shapes of the Bacteria

A

Coccus
Bacillus
Curved

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11
Q

Spherical / Ball-shaped

A

Coccus

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12
Q

Blocky / Spindle-shaped

A

Bacillus

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13
Q

General

A

Curved

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14
Q

Short and plumped

A

Coccobacillus

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15
Q

Gently curved

A

Vibrio

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16
Q

Curled or spiral-shaped cylinder

A

Spirillum

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17
Q

Flexible

A

Spirochete

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18
Q

Lacks on Cell Wall

A

Mycoplasmas

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19
Q

Intended variation of cell shape and sizes

A

Pleomorphism

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20
Q

Arrangements

A

Single
Double
Tetrads
Irregular Clusters
In Chains
Sacrina

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21
Q

1 / Cocci

A

Single

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22
Q

2 / Diplocci

A

Double

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23
Q

4

A

Tetrads

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24
Q

Small / Staphylococci or Micrococci

A

Irregular Clusters

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25
Q

Big / Streptococci

A

In Chains

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26
Q

8, 16, etc.

A

Sacrina

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27
Q

1 / Bacci

A

Single

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28
Q

2 / Diplobacci

A

Double

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29
Q

Big / Streptobacci

A

In Chains

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30
Q

Microbial habitats with access to food, water, atmosphere, and others

A

Biofilms

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31
Q

Single-cell

A

Planktonic

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32
Q

Substances attraction

A

Colonists

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33
Q

Damaged heart valves
Hard surfaced teeth
Affinity for numerous implanted medical devices

A

Serious Medical Implications

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34
Q

The outer surface

A

External Structures

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35
Q

Accessory structures sprout from surface of Bacteria

A

Appendages

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36
Q

Two Types of Appendages

A

Provides the needed motility
Provides attachment points or channels

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37
Q

Free / thorough

A

Flagellum

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38
Q

Three Parts of Flagellum

A

Filament
Hook
Basal Body

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39
Q

Helical structure composed of proteins

A

Filament

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40
Q

Anchor

A

Hook

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41
Q

Stacks of all firm rings

A

Basal Body

42
Q

Two Patterns of Flagellum

A

Polar
Peritrichous

43
Q

Attached

44
Q

Dispersed

A

Peritrichous

45
Q

Four Points of Flagellum

A

Chemotaxis
Run
Tumbles
Phototaxis

46
Q

Towards chemicals

A

Chemotaxis

47
Q

Flagellum moving counterclockwise

48
Q

Flagellum moving clockwise

49
Q

Towards light

A

Phototaxis

50
Q

Twists / flexes

A

Axial Filament

51
Q

Long, rigid, adhesive tubular structure

52
Q

Small, rendered bristle-like fiber cells

53
Q

Special connecting process

54
Q

Partial transfer of DNA

A

Conjugation

55
Q

Cytoplasmic extension transferring electrons

56
Q

Protein linking

57
Q

Coating development

A

Glycocalyx

58
Q

Loosely attached
Dehydration

A

Slime Layer

59
Q

Tightly attached
Desication

60
Q

Body defense

A

Phagocytes

61
Q

The layers

A

The Cell Envelope: The Boundary Layer of Bacteria

62
Q

Hans Christian Gram
1882

63
Q

Rendered staining technique

A

Gram Stain

64
Q

Two Structural Expected Results

A

Gram-Positive Bacteria
Gram-Negative Bacteria

65
Q

Provides framework
Peptidoglycan

66
Q

Selectively permeable
Phospholipid Bilayer

A

Cytoplasmic Membrane

67
Q

Counterparts

A

Outer Membrane

68
Q

Cell disrupture

69
Q

Thick Cell Wall
Inner Cytoplasmic Membrane
Many Peptidoglycan layers
20-80 nm
Purple

A

Gram-Positive Cell Wall

70
Q

Thin Cell Wall
Outer Membrane
One Peptidoglycan layer
1-3 nm
Pink

A

Gram-Negative Cell Wall

71
Q

The inner surface

A

Internal Structures

72
Q

Single circular DNA aggravating Nucleoids

A

Bacterial Chromosome

73
Q

Double circular DNA integrating Chromosomes

74
Q

Protein Synthesis

75
Q

Storage site

A

Inclusion Body

76
Q

Cell structure

A

Cytoskeleton

77
Q

Facilitates survival

78
Q

Endospore formation

A

Sporulation

79
Q

Endospore resistance

A

Dipicolinic Acid

80
Q

Endospore sporulating

A

Sporangium

81
Q

Active reproduction

A

Germination

82
Q

The involvements

A

Archaeal Cells

83
Q

Environment

A

Adaptation

84
Q

Carbon Dioxide
Hydrogen

A

Conversion

85
Q

Converted Methane Gas

A

Methanogens

86
Q

Methane Gas conversion

A

Methanogenesis

87
Q

Salt growth

88
Q

Light presence

A

Halobacteria

89
Q

Adapting low temperature

A

Psychrophile

90
Q

High temperature adaptation

A

Hyperthermophile

91
Q

Biochemistry
Genetics
Molecular Traits

92
Q

Phenotypic Traits

A

Bergey’s Manual

93
Q

Gram-Negative
Thin

A

Gracilicutes

94
Q

Gram-Positive
Thick

A

Firmicutes

95
Q

Lacks Cell Wall

A

Tenericutes

96
Q

Archaea

A

Mendosicutes

97
Q

+O

98
Q

-O

99
Q

Designation

A

Subspecies / Strain / Type

100
Q

Distinction

MC_103 | Microbiology and Parasitology (10 decks)

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