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MTAP 1 > BACTE part 2.1 > Flashcards

BACTE part 2.1 Flashcards

1
Q

True or false
Micrococci are organisms that metabolizes glucose in the absence of oxygen

A

False, they are oxidative which utilizes glucose in the presence of oxygen

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2
Q

Which is/are the virulence factor/s of the species of staphylococci
I. Capsule
II. Protein A and M
III. alpha, beta, delta, and gamma toxins
IV. Heat-stable endotoxin
V. PVL

a. all of the above
b. only I
c. I, III, V
d. I, II, III, V
e. I and V

A

e. I and V

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3
Q

viruenlence factor of staphy. aureus associated with scalded skin syndrome

A

Exfoliative toxins

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4
Q

other name for Scalded skin syndrome

A

Ritter disease

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5
Q

True or False
All staph species can ferment mannitol

A

false, only staph. aureus is the mannitol fermenter

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6
Q

causes “prosthetic heart valve endocarditis”

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS

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7
Q

cause uncomplicated UTI, especially in young females (<100,000 CFU/mL)

A

STAPHYLOCOCCUS SAPROPHYTICUS

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8
Q

O2 stable; non-immunogenic; lyses RBCs, WBCs, PLTs in
presence of room air (with oxygen)

A

Streptolysin S

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9
Q

O2 labile; immunogenic; lyses RBCs, WBCs , PLTs in
absence of room air (no oxygen)

A

Streptolysin O

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10
Q

antiphagocytic; mediated rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

A

M protein

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11
Q

also known as the Spreading factors because it can
solubilize or destroy connective tissues. It is fast spreading infection
specially in the connective tissues

A

Hyaluronidase

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12
Q

which lancefield group classification is positive in Hippurate hydrolysis test

A

only group B, strep agalactiae

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13
Q

True or False
standard zone of inhibition of more than 14mm is considered susceptible in the bacitracin test

A

False it should be 10mm

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14
Q

end product of hippurate hydrolysis test

A

Glycine / Benzoic Acid

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15
Q

Neufeld Reaction or Quellung Reaction Test reagent

A

antiserum for capsule

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16
Q

Gram-negative diplococci resembling “coffee beans” or “kidney beans”

A

Neisseria species

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17
Q

test that detects the presence of cytochrome-c oxidase used in the
electron transport chain.

A

Oxidase Test

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18
Q

primary human pathogen; may be found as commensal
inhabitant of upper respiratory tract of carriers.

A

N. meningitidis

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19
Q

If nickel-based alloy wire or nichrome iron-containing wire loop is used, it can
cause

A

FALSE POSITIVE RESULT

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20
Q

Virulence factor that facilitates adherence to phagocytic and epithelial cells.

A

Protein II

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21
Q

True or False
New york city agar and GC LECT agar are not chocolate agar but hemoglobin is still incorporated

A

True

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22
Q

type of anthrax that has a small dark area appears on the center of the ring and eventually
ulcerates and dries (Eschar). Lesion is sometimes known as “Malignant
Pustule.”

A

Cutaneous Anthrax

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23
Q

Also called “Woolsorter’s disease” and “Ragpickers disease”

A

Pulmonary Anthrax

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24
Q

Occurs when the spores are inoculated into a lesion on the intestinal
mucosa following ingestion of spores. Bloody diarrhea may also occur.

A

Gastrointestinal Anthrax

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25
Q

Heat treatment at ?C for ? minutes or ? for ? minutes is effective for
killing vegetative cells and retaining spores for most Bacillus spp

A

70C for 30 minutes or 80C for 10 minutes

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26
Q

which bacillus species is motile and is beta hemolytic

A

bacillus cereus

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27
Q

only b.cereus is positive in lecithinase
true or false

A

false, all bacillus species are postive

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28
Q

Also known as “Klebs-Loeffler Bacillus”

A

C. diphtheriae

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29
Q

duration of incubatio for Cystine-tellurite blood agar and Modified Tinsdale agar

A

48 hrs

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30
Q

only Corynebacteria species that is positive in tween 80

A

C. jeikeium

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31
Q

Corynebacteria species that has Brown halo
on tinsdale

A

C. diphtheriae
C. ulcerans
C. pseudotuberculosis

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32
Q

Nitrate Reduction Test reagent

A

Sulfanilic acid and alpha-naphthylamine

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33
Q

Tests the ability of the organism to hydrolyze urea into ammonia, water,
and carbon dioxide

A

urease test

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34
Q

A localized skin infection and may resemble streptococcal erysipelas

A

Erysipeloid

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35
Q

Associated with endocarditis seen in patients who have had valve
replacements.

A

septicemia

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36
Q

BV is characterized by a malodorous discharge and a vaginal pH
greater than

A

4.5 ph

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37
Q

clue cells are observed in

A

bacterial vaginosis

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38
Q

Partially Acid-Fast Aerobic Actinomyces

A

GoNoRhoTsu
* Gordonia
* Rhodococcus
* Nocardia
* Tsukamurella

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39
Q

Non-Acid-Fast Aerobic Actinomyces

A

SAND
Streptomyces
* Actinomadura
* Nocardiopsis
* Dermatophilus

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40
Q

Occurs from INHALATION of organism present in dust or soil
* Most common manifestation is BRONCHOPNEUMONIA that is usually
chronic.

A

Nocardia asteroides

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41
Q
  • Occurs following INOCULATION of organism into the skin or
    subcutaneous tissue
  • Usually seen in hands and feet as a result of outdoor activity
  • Also known as MYCETOMA, a chronic, localized, painless,
    subcutaneous infection
A

Nocardia brasiliensis

42
Q

Partially acid-fast (decolorized used:

A

0.5% to 1% sulfuric acid;

43
Q

Colonies have chalky, matte, or velvety appearance; resembles
“breadcrumbs”

A

nocardia

44
Q

Pfeiffer’s bacillus

A

H. influenzae

45
Q

caused the most invasive infections and occurred
primarily in young children and a leading cause of meningitis - ages 3 months
to 6 years

A

H. influenzae serotype B

46
Q

Koch-Weeks bacillus

A

H. influenzae biotype aegyptius

47
Q

commonly referred to as “Soft Chancre”

A

Chancroid

48
Q

Hard chancre cause by

A

Treponema pallidum

49
Q

It is found in dental plaque and gingival scrapings.
* Infections: fever, heart murmur, congestive heart failure.

A

AGGREGATIBACTER APHROPHILUS

50
Q

Distinctive “star-shaped colonies” with 4 to 6 points” in the center of the
colonies

A

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

51
Q

On the agar, characteristic “pitting” may be produced
- “Pitting” means that it corrodes the agar.

A

CARDIOBACTERIUM HOMINIS

52
Q

occur as a result of trauma, esp. after human
bites/ fights implicated in periodontitis, osteomyelitis, bite wound infections,

A

EIKENELLA CORRODENS

53
Q

causes undulant fever

A

Brucella , Brucellosis

54
Q

Commonly causes CUTANEOUS infection resulting from ANIMAL
BITES

A

Pasteurella

55
Q

True or False
both Y.pestis and Pasteurella can be demonstrated by Wayson stain

A

true

56
Q

causes - severe pneumonia with a case fatality rate of 10% to 20%

A

Legionnaires’ disease

57
Q

Gram-negative rods; described as “curved” (comma-shaped) or
straight rods

A

vibrio

58
Q

colonies are smooth, glistening, and silver, resembling mercury droplets

A

bordetella

59
Q

is the causative agent of CHOLERA (Asiatic cholera or
epidemic cholera)

A

V. cholerae 01

60
Q

Second most common Vibrio species implicated in gastroenteritis
It was first recognized as a pathogen in Japan known as “summer diarrhea”

A

VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS

61
Q

Commonly referred to as the “Lactose-positive” Vibrio

A

VIBRIO VULNIFICUS

62
Q

vibrio spp that are Sucrose fermenters (yellow colonies)

A

V. cholerae
V. alginolyticus

63
Q

vibrio spp that are Non-sucrose fermenters (green colonies)

A

o V. mimicus
o V. parahaemolyticus
o V. vulnificus

64
Q

very fast movement of the organism, which is exhibited by
using hanging drop preparation

A

Darting motility

65
Q

Appear as long spirals, S-shapes, or described as “Sea-gull wing”
appearance

A

C. jejuni

66
Q

Colonies produce a grapelike or corn tortilla-like odor – odor
produced by

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

67
Q

Causes Meliodosis, it is also an example of pulmonary infection –
aggressive granulomatous pulmonary disease caused by ingestion,
inhalation, or inoculation of organism

A

BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLE

68
Q

Culture used for BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI

A

Ashdown medium

69
Q

Causes Glander’s disease, a zoonosis primarily affecting livestock such
as horses and donkeys. It is rare in humans, but manifests as pulmonary
infection.

A

BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI

70
Q

Causes endocarditis, UTIs, osteomyelitis, wound infections, FOOT
ROT infections

A

BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA

71
Q

test that can be used to differentiate the two species of pseudomonas

A

Gelatin hydrolysis

72
Q

true or false
P. putida – can hydrolyze gelatin

A

false

73
Q

true or false
P. fluorescens – can hydrolyze gelatin

A

true

74
Q

selective agar for Pseudomonas aeruginisa – positive
growth color is blue-green

A

Cetrimide agar

75
Q

true or false
Both Campylobacter and Helicobacter are non motile

A

false, they are motile

76
Q

“jacuzzi or hot tub syndrome other name

A

Necrotizing skin rash

77
Q

It colonizes the stomach and can cause a low-grade
inflammatory process producing chronic superficial gastritis

A

Helicobacter pylori

78
Q

considered as
enrichment broth for Vibrio.

A

Alkaline peptone water

79
Q

Selective- Differential Medium for vibrio spp

A

TCBS – Thiosulfate Ctrate Bile Salts sucrose agar

80
Q

ph indicator in TCBS agar

A

Bromthymol blue

81
Q

is an acute diarrheal disease spread mainly thru contaminated
water, however outbreaks are caused by improper preservation and handling
of foods including fish and seafood, milk, ice cream, and unpreserved meat.

A

cholera

82
Q

hree symptomatic stages of bordetella pertusis

A

catarrhal, paroxysmal, and
convalescent.

83
Q

true or false
All species vibrio spp are halophilic

A

False
V. cholerae and V. mimicus are not halophilic

84
Q

culture media with potato infusion agar w/ glycerol, sheep blood w/ methicillin
or cephalexin

A

Bordet-Gengou agar

85
Q

fever that is mild, self-limited, nonfatal, influenza-like respiratory infection caused by L. pneumophila

A

pontiac fever

86
Q

Thionin dye inhibits growth of what brucella species?

A

B. abortus

87
Q

brucella sps that is not inhibited by either thionin and basic fuchsin

A

B. melitensis

88
Q

True or False
All HACEK are capnophilic

A

true

89
Q

causes acute, contagious conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as “PINK
EYE”

A

H. influenzae biotype aegyptius

90
Q

Medium of choice for Bacterial vaginosis

A

Human Blood Bilayer Tween Agar

91
Q

virulence factor of Listeria monocytogenes that induces actin polymerization on the surface of the host cell,
facilitates cellular spread

A

Act A

92
Q

(+) for GLUCOSE, MALTOSE, and LACTOSE
identify what neisseria spp

A

→ N. lactamica

93
Q

(+) for GLUCOSE, MALTOSE
identify what neisseria spp

A

→ N. meningitis

94
Q

causes erysipelas

A

strep pyogenes

95
Q

causes erysipeloid

A

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathia

96
Q

Major virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes

A

Listeriolysin O

97
Q

Considered as most common non-cultural test for detection for Gardnerella
vaginalis

A

10% KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) test

98
Q

known as highly pleomorphic organism

A

C. diphtheriae

99
Q

Colonies are convex, smooth, gray, nonhemolytic; may have a musty or
mushroom odor

A

pasteurella multocida

100
Q

Brucella spp that are rapid urease producers

A

B. suis and B. canis

101
Q

Primary human pathogen and is the agent of human and animal tularemia.

A

Francisella tularensis

MTAP 1 (15 decks)

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