BACTE NFO 2 Flashcards
NONFERMENTING
GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI usually presents oxidase ____ reaction
Positive
NONFERMENTING
GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI presents resistance to the ff. antimicrobials
- aminoglycosides
- third-gen cephalosporin
- penicillin
- fluoroquinolones
How to classify Non Fermenters based on Biochem reaction
★ Growth on MAC
★ Oxidase reaction
★ Glucose OF Test
★ Obligate aerobe, motile, and rod shape
★ Grows at 37 – 42 oC, grows well at 35
oC
★ Colonies have a grape-like or corn-taco or fruity
odor
PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Colonies of PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA have a grape-like or corn-taco or fruity
odor due to _______________
2- aminoacetophenone
DISEASE ASSOCIATED with P. aeruginosa
★ Ventilator-associated pneumonia
★ Jacuzzi or hot tub syndrome
(necrotizing rash)
★ Otitis media (swimmers or divers)
P. aeruginosa Pigments
○ Pyorubin (red)
○ Pyocyanin (blue)
○ Pyoverdine (green)
○ Pyomelanin (black or brown)
Bacteria that presents a flat, spreading, mucoid colonies serrated
edges, metallic sheen in BAP
P. aeruginosa
P. aeruginosa reaction in MAC
NLF
Color of P. aeruginosa in Nutrient Agar
Green
P. aeruginosa biochem test
➔ Oxidase (+)
➔ Pyocyanin (+)
➔ Fluorescein (+)
➔ Motility (+)
➔ TSI: K/K
➔ Gelatin Hydrolysis (+)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (+)
Cetrimide Agar stimulators
magnesium chloride and potassium
sulphate
Cetrimide Agar positive reaction
yellow green to blue colonies
Cetrimide agar Inhibitor
cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
Associated with pneumonia in patients with
Cystic fibrosis or Chronic granulomatous
disease
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (+)
➔ Pyocyanin (-)
➔ Fluorescein (-)
➔ Motility (+)
➔ Gelatin Hydrolysis (V)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (V)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Lactose (+/V)
> Mannitol (V)
> Xylose (+/V)
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA odor character
Dirt Like Odor
Bacteria that presents a smooth, slightly raised, yellow to brown,
sometimes beta hemolysis strains in BAP
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA
BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA in MAC
NLF (Older colonies sometimes cause false positive)
SELECTIVE MEDIA for BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA
- Burkholderia Cepacia Selective Agar (BCSA)
- Pseudomonas Cepacia (PC) Agar
- OF BASE, POLYMYXIN B,
BACITRACIN AND LACTOSE (OFBL)
is an agar that has improved the recovery and isolation of B.
cepacia when compared to other selective
mediums
OF BASE, POLYMYXIN B, BACITRACIN AND LACTOSE
OFBL positive reaction
yellow colonies with yellow halos
causative agent of Glanders Disease (Farcy Disease)
BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (+)
➔ Pyocyanin (-)
➔ Fluorescein (-)
➔ Motility (-)
➔ Gelatin Hydrolysis (-)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (+)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Lactose (V)
> Mannitol (-)
> Xylose (V)
BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI
Agent of Vietnamese Time Bomb or Melioidosis
(an endemic Glanders-like disease)
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI other name
whitmore bacillus
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (+)
➔ Pyocyanin (-)
➔ Fluorescein (-)
➔ Motility (+)
➔ Gelatin Hydrolysis (V)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (+)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Lactose (+)
> Mannitol (V)
> Xylose (+)
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI
Bacteria with cream to yellow-orange, smooth and mucoid for young colonies (24 – 48 hours) and dry to wrinkled ( > 3 days); nonhemolytic; putrid odor in BAP
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI in MAC reation
NLF but appears pink
(oxidize lactose)
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI selective media
Ashdown Medium
BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI preferred specimen
throat, rectal, sputum
Ashdown Medium inhibitor
crystal violet and gentamicin
Ashdown Medium indicator
neutral red
Ashdown Medium positive reaction
pinkish-purple, flat and dry colonies
Causes severe lung infections, bacteremia in cystic fibrosis patients
Burkholderia cepacia complex
Causes melioidosis, skin abcess
Burkholderia pseudomallei
Causes localized suppurative or pulmonary infections
Burkholderia mallei
Associated with cystic fibrosis patients, opportunistic infection
Burkholderia gladioli
Causes recurrent meningitis and cystic fibrosis patients
Ralstonia spp.
Causes bacteremia, peritonitis, infection in cystic fibrosis patients
Cupriavidus spp.
★ Most common Acinetobacter species seen in clinical specimen
A. baumannii (glucose oxidizing)
A. baumanni is _______________ resembles lactose fermenting organism
SACCHAROLYTIC
ASACCHAROLYTIC ACINETOBACTER spp.
A. iwoffii (glucose non-oxidizing)
Most hemolytic strain of Acinetobacter
A. haemolyticus
Was known as “MIMA”, because it was said to
mimic the appearance of neisseria in the
gram stain in female genital tract specimens
A. baumannii
Acinetobacter in MAC
bluish or peach to pink
translucent appearance
large, gummy, translucent, gray-to-white,
convex, entire colonies
Acinetobacter
A. baumannii in EMB
cornflower blue color colony
★ Third most common non-fermentative,
gram-negative bacillus
★ Found in water, sewage and plant materials
★ Oxidase negative, catalase negative
STENOTROPHOMANS MALTOPHILIA
STENOTROPHOMANS MALTOPHILIA drug of Choice
SXT
Bacteria with lavender green to light purple pigment in BAP
STENOTROPHOMANS MALTOPHILIA
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (-)
➔ Motility (+)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (V)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Maltose (+)
STENOTROPHOMANS MALTOPHILIA
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (-)
➔ Motility (-)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (-)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Maltose (-)
Saccharolytic A. baumannii
Identify Bacteria based on the ff:
➔ Oxidase (-)
➔ Motility (-)
➔ Nitrate Reduction (-)
➔ Fermented Sugars
> Glucose (+)
> Maltose (V)
Asaccharolytic A. iwoffii
