BACTE LEC STREP 2 Flashcards
Positive for Bacitracin Test
S. pyogenes
M. luteus
Negative for Bacitracin Test
S. agalactiae
S. aureus
S. viridans streptococci
S. pyogenes Specimens of Choice
Throat Swab/ Pharyngeal and Tonsillar swabs
Tissue Biopsy
used to differentiate group B strep, from other streptococcal species
CAMP test
CAMP test principle states that Organisms that produce a diffusible extracellular hemolytic protein (CAMP Factor) that acts synergistically with the beta-lysin of Staphylococcus aureus to cause ______________________ of red blood cells
enhanced lysis
Bacteria that will yield positive to CAMP test
S. agalactiae or Group B Strep
L. monocytogenes
Positive result for CAMP test
enhanced hemolysis indicated by arrow head shaped zone of B-hemolysis
Bacteria that is negative for CAMP test
S. pyogenes
Test for detecting the enzyme hippuricase (aka Hippurate hydrolase)
Hippurate Hydrolysis
What is the positive result for Hippurate Hydrolysis Test
Formation of deep purple end product
Bacteria that is positive for Hippurate Hydrolysis Test
S. agalactiae
Bacteria that is Negative for Hippurate Hydrolysis Test
S. pyogenes
Limitations of Hippurate Hydrolysis Test
false positive result may occur when incubation with ninhydrin is > 30mins
Bacteria that is a part of the normal microbiota of the female genital tract and lower gastrointestinal tract (occasional colonizer of upper RT)
S. agalactiae (G-B)
Colonies characteristic in BAP of S. agalactiae
Grayish/ white mucoid colonies surrounded by a small/ narrow zone of b-hemolysis
important virulence factor that prevents phagocytosis but is ineffective after opsonization
CAPSULE
is the most significant component of the capsule and a critical virulence determinant
SIALIC ACID
S. agalactiae is the common cause of _______________
neonatal meningitis
most important determining factor in early-onset infection of neonatal meningitidis
Presence of GBS in the vagina of the mother
All pregnant women should be screened for GBS at ______________ gestation
35-37 weeks gestation
detection of GBS in pregnant women is accomplished by collecting __________________ with swabs between 35-37 weeks of gestation
vaginal and rectal material
Broth used for the growth of S. agalactiae
Todd-Hewitt Broth
Strep B Carrot Broth
Broth used for the growth of S. agalactiae that produce an orange or red pigment after 6 hours
Strep B Carrot Broth
test for the presumptive identification of enterococci and organisms in the Streptococcus bovis group
Bile Esculin Test
used for differentiation of enterococci and Group D streptococci form non- group D viridans streptococci
Bile Esculin Test
Bile esculin test is a ____________________________ agar used to isolate and identify _____________________ and the ______________
selective differential
group D streptococci
enterococci
in Bile Esculin test the selective ingredient that inhibits the growth of most gram positive organisms is ________________, while ____________ is the differential component
Oxgall (bile salt)
Esculin
Positive result for the Bile Esculin Test
Growth and blackening of the agar slant
bacteria positive in Bile Esculin Test
E. faecalis
bacteria negative in Bile Esculin Test
E. coli
S. pyogenes
Streptococci that is a part of normal microbiota of the skin, nasopharynx, GI tract and genital tract
Group C and G Streptococci
causes infections that resemble S. pyogenes
Group C and G Streptococci
used to determine the ability of an organism to grow in high concentrations of salt, also used to differentiate enterococci from nonenenterococci
Salt (6.5%) Tolerance Test
Positive result for Salt Tolerance Test
Visible turbidity in the broth, with out without a color change from purple to yellow
bacteria positive in Salt Tolerance Test
E. faecalis
bacteria negative in Salt Tolerance Test
Streptococcus gallolyticus
To avoid false negative result in Salt Tolerance Test, the broth should be ___________ before interpretation. On the other hand, inoculating the broth too heavily may give a _______________________ result
Gently mixed, false positive
bacteria that are natural inhabitants of the intestinal tract, which sometimes exhibit “pseudocatalase” reaction or weak bubbling in the catalase due to peroxidase
Enterococcus
enterococcus has acquired resistances to _______________ and __________________
Tetracyclines and vancomycin
enterococcus has intrinsic resistance to ___________, including the ______________ and __________________
Beta-lactam antibiotics
penicillin
cephalosporins
used to determine the effect of optochin on an organism,
optochin susceptibility test
is an antibiotic that interferes with the ATPase and production of adenosine triphosphate ion microorganisms
Optochin
Optochin is an antibiotic that interferes _____________ but alpha-streptococci are resistant
pneumococci
Positive result for Optochin susceptibility test
Zone of inhibition at least 14mm in diameter with 6mm disk
Equivocal result for Optochin susceptibility test
Any zone of inhibition less than 14mm is questionable for pneumococci
Positive result for Optochin Susceptibility test
S. pneumoniae
Negative result for Optochin Susceptibility test
S. pyogenes
test that differentiates S. pneumoniae from alpha hemolytic streptococci. It also correlates with optochin susceptibility
Bile solubility test
Positive result for Bile Solubility test
Colony disintegrates; an imprint of the lysed colony may remain in the zone
Bacteria that is positive for S. pneumonia
Streptococcus pneumonia
Negative that is positive for S. pneumonia
E. faecalis
A biochemical reaction in which a capsular antibodies bind to the capsule of a bacterium
Neufeld Quelling Test
Member of the much more virulent streptococcus group _____________
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Gram stain reaction and morphology of S. pneumoniae
Gram positive with lancet or bullet shaped
S. pneumoniae can be isolated using ________ medium and requires ______________
Sheep Blood Agar, 5-10% CO2
Colony morphology of S. pneumoniae
Small round, glistening, dome-shaped, colonies that are transparent, with an entire edge
hemolysis on S. pneumoniae may be attributed to ______________
pneumolysin
Colonies of S. pneumoniae exhibit a ________________ when incubated aerobically for 24 hours
wide zone of alpha-hemolysis
major virulence factor of S. pneumoniae
Polysaccharide capsule
enzyme of S. pneumoniae that degrades surface structures of host mucus membranes
Neuraminidase
enzymes of S. pneumoniae that facilitate bacterial colonization on mucosal surfaces by eliminating immunoglobulins such as IgA, IgG, and IgM
Ig proteases
an oxygen sensitive toxin that is cytolytic for cells
Pneumolysin O
facilitates the release of pneumolysin O and other toxic proteins or inflammatory substances from cells
Autolysin
virulence factor of S. pneumoniae that reacts with some components of the immune response resulting in the activation of some non specific host immune response
C- Substance
S. pneumoniae is the number cause of ________________________________, especially in the elderly persons and in patients with underlying diseases
Bacterial Pneumonia
bacteria that is a constituent of the normal microbiota of the upper RT, female genital tract and the Gi tract
Viridians Streptococci
The term viridans means _________ referring to the _______________________
Green
Alpha-hemolysis
Viridans Streptococci produces a characteristic odor of ________________
Butterscotch, Sweet odor of honeysuckle especially in CHOC Agar
bacteria in the mitis group
S. mitis, S. pneumonia, S. sanguis, S. oralis
bacteria in the Mutans group
S. mutans, sobrinus
V. streptococci is the most common cause of ___________________, a condition associated with a transient bacteremia
subacute bacterial endocarditis
most common isolates/ group for isolating associated bacterial endocarditis in native valves
S. mitis group
a bacteria that when viewed has the highest correlation with gastrointestinal carcinoma
S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus
