B9 - Respiration Flashcards
Where does a mammal get there energy from?
Food
What is Respiration?
The process of transferring energy from glucose which goes on in every cell
Is respiration an exorthermic reaction or an endothermic reaction?
Exothermic
Why is respiration an exothermic reaction?
It transfers energy to the environment
What are three examples organisms use energy thats transferred by respiration?
To build up larger molecules from smaller ones (protiens from animo acids)
To allow muscles to contract
To keep body temperature steady in cold conditions
What is Metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical reactions happening in an organism
What are some example reactions where larger molecules are made from smaller ones
Starch is made from lots of glucose molecules
Protein is made from animo acids which are made from glucose and nitrate ions
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic respiration and Anaerobic Respiration
What is Aerobic respiration?
Respiration using oxygen
Where do most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place?
In the mitochondria
What is the symbol equation for AEROBIC RESPIRATION?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ———–> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is the word equation for AEROBIC RESPIRATION
Glucose + oxygen ———> carbon dioxide + water
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration without oxygen
What is the word equation for ANAEROBIC respiration in muscle cells?
Glucose ———> lactic acid
When does anaerobic respiration happen?
When you do intense exercise and your body cant supply enough oxygen to your muscles
What makes lactic acid?
The incomplete breakdown of glucose that isnt fully oxidised
What is the word equation for anaerboic respiration in Plants and Yeast cells?
Glucose ———> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is anaerobic respiration in yeasts cells called?
Fermentation
When your level of exercise intensity increases, the rate of repiration _________
Increases
Why do your muscles need more energy when you exercise?
Energy is needed for more muscle contractions
Why do your muscles need more energy when you exercise?
Energy is needed for more muscle contractions
Where does the energy come from when you exercise
Comes from increased respiration
Why does your breathing rate heart rate increase when you exercise?
To get more oxygen into the blood and then to pump that oxygenated blood faster to get rid pf CO2
What is the term “oxygen debt”?
The amount of oxygen you body needs to react with the build up of lactic acid to repay the time your organs couldnt keep up
Why does your heart rate, breathing rate and pulse stay high after exercise?
You need to get more oxygen into thr blood so it can repay the oxygen debt
What is another way the body can cope with high levels of lactic acid?
The blood can transport the lactic acid into the liver where it can be converted back into glucose
