B7: Gas exchange, Breathing and Respiration Flashcards
Definition of respiration
process by which energy is released from food.
type of respiration
- aerobic
- anaerobic
what happens to the energy released from food
it is used to make ATP
how is ATP formed?
Energy produced used to combined ADP and phosphate group to form ATP
advantages of storing anergy produced from food in the form of ATP?
- energy is released rapidly
- small amount of energy produced for each molecule of ATP to prevent wastage
Energy released by ATP is used for?
- manufacture more complex molecules such as protein and DNA
- cell growth and repair
- cell division
- in active transport to move molecules and ions in and out of cells.
- special cell functions such as muscle contraction, and transmission of nerve impulses.
Energy released in respiration is used to make (1)___________ and some released as (2)____________
- ATP
- Heat
equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen ———–> carbon dioxide + water
in which organelle does aerobic respiration take place?
mitochondria
how many ATP molecules are produced for each molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration?
38
how may moles of ATP are produced for each mole of glucose?
38
where does anaerobic respiration take place?
in the cytoplasm
how many molecules of ATP are produced for each molecule of glucose in anaerobic respiration
2
equation for anerobic respiration in yeasts
glucose ———-> ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
equation for anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
glucose ———-> lactic acid + energy
importance of anaerobic respiration in bacteria
bacteria break down organic waste in the abscence of oxygen to form biogas, which is a mixture of 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide. Biogas is used for fuel.
parameters to know when discussing the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration
- use of oxygen
- where they occur
- amount of energy released
- the end products
- where glucose is completely broken down or not.