B3: Reproduction in plants

Question 1

The two types of reproduction observed in plants are :

Answer 1

sexual and asexual

Question 2

Many plants can reproduce both sexually and asexually. Give 4 exapmples:

Answer 2

• Bulbs eg onions, garlic, scallion
• Stem tubers eg Irish potatoe
• Stem suckers eg Banana
• Leaf buds eg the leave-of-life plant

Question 3

Stem suckers

Question 4

The inion scallion and garlic are examples of:

Answer 4

Bulbs

Question 5

The Irish(English) potatoe is an example of :

Answer 5

Stem tuber

Question 6

The banana plant an example of :

Answer 6

Stem sucker

Question 7

the Leaf-of-life plant is an example of

Answer 7

Leaf buds

Question 8

Identify the parts of the flower below

Answer 8

A - stigma

B- style

C- ovary with ovules

D- receptacle

E - sepals (yellow)

F - Petals (red or yellow)

Question 9

Identify the parts of the flower below

Answer 9

Region B : Female parts (Carpal)

1. stigma
2. style
3. ovary
4. ovule (containing the egg)

Region A: Male parts (Stamen)

7. • anther

8 - filament

Other parts

5. • Petals

6 - Sepals

9. • nectary

10 - receptacle

Question 10

The (1)______________ is the female part of the flower and is made of (2)__________, (3)__________, (4) __________, (5)________________

Answer 10

1. Carpel
2. Stigma
3. style
4. ovary
5. ovule

Question 11

The (1)______________ is the male part of the flower and is made of (2)__________, and (3)__________

Answer 11

1. Stamen
2. anther
3. filament

Question 12

Function of the labelled parts

Answer 12

1. sticky end of the style. captures pollen grains
2. holds the stigma where it can best catch pollen. Provides sugars for growth of the pollen tubes
3. contains the ovules which develop into seeds
4. contains the embryo sac which is the female equivalent of the pollen grain. The embryo sac contains the female gamete
5. attracts insects to increase chance of pollination. brightly coloured with with honey guides
6. protects the flow when it is a bud
7. produces pollen grains. splits open when the pollen grains ripen
8. holds the anther where it can best deliver pollen and provides and provides nutrients to the pollen grains
9. contains nectar to attract insects and birds for pollination
10. holds the flower parts

Question 13

What is pollination?

Answer 13

the transfer of pollen grains from the anthers to the stigmas of flowers

Question 14

Two types of polllination are: (1)_____________ and (2)_____________

Answer 14

1. self pollination
2. cross pollination

Question 15

Self pollination is (1)_________________ while cross pollination is (2) ________________

Answer 15

1. the transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma of the same flower or to a stigma of another flower on the same plant
2. the transfer of pollen from an anther of a flower on one plant to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species.

Question 16

Agents of pollination

Answer 16

• wind
• birds eg humming birds
• insects eg bees

Question 18

two adaptations of plant for pollination

Answer 18

wind pollination

insect pollination

Question 19

what happens after pollination?

Answer 19

fertilization

Question 20

complete the sequence for sexual reproduction in plants.

(1)_________________ , (2) pollination, (3)_______________, (4)_____________.

Answer 20

1. pollen released from anthers
2. pollination
3. growth of pollen tubes through the style
4. fertilization

Question 21

what happens after fertilization in plants?

Answer 21

the ovule develops into a seed.

Question 22

stages of development of the ovule into a seed

Answer 22

• zygote divides by mitosis forming an embryo
• the embryo develops 3 parts:
  
  • plumule or embryonic shoot
  • radicle or embryonic root
  • cotyledons
• water is drawn from the seed and it becomes dormant.

Question 23

After fertilisation the (1)______________ develops into the fruit. The stigma, style, stamens, petals then (2)___________. The fruits contain (3)____________ which they (4)______________.

Answer 23

1. The ovary wall
2. wither and fall off
3. seeds
4. protect

Question 24

Label the diagram

Question 25

There are two types of fruit: (A)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and (B)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Examples of (A) are (1)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ Examples of (B) are (2)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 25

A - Succulent or fleshy fruits B - Dry fruits 1 - mangoes, grapes, tomatoe, oranges, cucumber 2 - pigeon pea, beans, corn rice, wheat

Question 26

the methods of dispersion of fruits and seeds are: (1)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_. Seed dispersal is important because (2) ____________ and (3)\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 26

(1) wind, water, animals, mechanical(splitting) (2) it prevents overcrowding (3) it allows plants to colonise new habitats for better survival.

Question 27

ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by animals

Answer 27

* mostly succulent and store foods to attract animals. * some dry fruits contain hooks that attach the fruits to the fur of animal.

Question 28

ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by wind

Answer 28

* wing-like extensions on the fruit or seed eg Combretum, Mahogany and Tecoma * Hair-like extensions on the fruit or seed that form a parachute eg Tridax, Cotton * They are small and light

Question 29

ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by water

Answer 29

they develop a water proof outer layer and become buoyant eg coconut and manchineel

Question 30

ways in which fruits are adapted for mechanical dispersion

Answer 30

some dry fruits split along lines of weakness and eject their seeds eg Pride of Barbados and pigeon pea