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CSEC BIOLOGY > B21: Important diagrams > Flashcards

B21: Important diagrams Flashcards

1
Q

Label the diagram

A

Note L is the mesenteric artery

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2
Q

what kind of neurone is this?

name the parts

A

sensory neurone

A. cytoplasm

B. cell body

C. sensory nerve endings

D. nerve ending

E. node of Ranvier

F. dendrite

G. myelin sheath

H. axon

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3
Q

what kind of neurone is this?

name the parts

A

motor neuron

A. nerve endings

B. cell body

C. myelin sheath

D. Axon

E. axon fibre

F. muscle

G. nerve endings

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4
Q

what does this diagram show?

name the parts

A

reflex arc

A. receptor

B. stimulus(eg. hot surface)

C. response(withdrawal)

D. sensory nerve fibre(axon)

E. effector(muscle)

F. spinal nerve

G. motor nerve fibre

H. synapse

I. Intermediate neurone

J. cell body of

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5
Q

name the neurones

A
  1. sensory neurone
  2. intermediate (relay) neurone
  3. motor neurone
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6
Q

what are the functions of the labelled sections below?

A
  1. sensation
  2. muscle control
  3. sight centre
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7
Q

intentify the parts of the nervous system

A
  1. central nervous system
  2. Peripheral nervous system

A. cerebrum

B. cerebellum

C. medulla oblongata

D. spinal cord

E. cranial nerves (from eye and ear)

F. spinal nerves

G. sensory and motor nerve fibres to and from body

H. brain

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8
Q

complete the flow diagram below

A

stimulus —> receptor —> sensory neurone

—> intermediate neuron —> motor neurone

—> effector —> response

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9
Q

indentify the parts of the eye below

A

A- iris

B- pupil

C- cornea

D- lens

E- suspensory ligament

F- ciliary body

G- vitreous humour

I - sclera

II - choroid

III - retina

IV - fovea

V - optic nerve

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10
Q

myopia or hypermetropia?

A

hypermetropia

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11
Q

what condition is being corrected?

A

hypermetropia (far sight)

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12
Q

what condition is being corrected?

A

myopia(near sight)

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13
Q

What structure is this and identify the lables

A

A- Fallopian tubes (oviducts),

B- Ovaries

C- Uterus

D- cervix

E - Vagina

F - Vulva

G- anus

H - ureter

I - bladder

J- urethra

K- lips(labia)

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14
Q

Functions of the listed parts

A

A: implantation and develpment of the embryo

B: site of fertilization. Moves ova from ovary to uterus

C: formation of the female gametes(ova). Secretes oestrogen and progesterone

D: retains the contents of the uterus during pregancy. Secretes different forms of mucous during the menstrual cycle

E: receives the penis and sperm, and is also the birth canal

F: opening of the vagina

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15
Q

label the parts shown

A

A. seminal vesicle

B. prostate gland

C. sperm duct

D. urethra

E. penis

F. testis

G. bladder

H. ureter

I. scrotum

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16
Q

Functions of the listed parts

A

A. secretes seminal fluid that mixes with sperm

B. secretes prostate fluid that mixes with seminal fliud

C. transfers sperm fron the testes to the urethra

D. carries semen to the outside of the body. Also carries urine to the outside af the body but not at the same time.

E. becomes erect during intercourse and deposits sperm in he vagina.

F. produces sperm and secretes testosterone

G. stores urine

H. transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder

I. hold the testes at lower temperature than the body temperature

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17
Q

what are the 4 phases of the menstrual cycle

A
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18
Q

Identify the days corresponding to the phases of the menstrual cycle below

A
  1. Day 1-5
  2. Day 1-13
  3. Day 14
  4. Day 15-28
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19
Q

What hormone represents each graph colour in the diagram below?

A

yellow - oestrogen

blue - progesterone

green - FSH(follicle stimulating hormone)

red - LH (luteinising Hormone)

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20
Q

Identify the labeled parts

A

A - Lining of uterus

B - oviduct (fallopian tube)

C- Amnion

D - Amniotic fluid

E - Mucus plug in cerix

F - Umbilical Cord

G - muscular wal of uterus

H - Vagina

I - Embryo or Foetus

J - Placenta

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21
Q

The inion scallion and garlic are examples of:

A

Bulbs

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22
Q

The Irish(English) potatoe is an example of :

A

Stem tuber

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23
Q

The inion scallion and garlic are examples of:

A

Bulbs

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24
Q

the Leaf-of-life plant is an example of

A

Leaf buds

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25
Identify the parts of the flower below
**Region B : Female parts (Carpal)** 1. stigma 2. style 3. ovary 4. ovule (containing the egg) **Region A: Male parts (Stamen)** 7. - anther 8 - filament **Other parts** 5. - Petals 6 - Sepals 9. - nectary 10 - receptacle
26
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by animals
* mostly succulent and store foods to attract animals. * some dry fruits contain hooks that attach the fruits to the fur of animal.
27
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by wind
* wing-like extensions on the fruit or seed eg Combretum, Mahogany and Tecoma * Hair-like extensions on the fruit or seed that form a parachute eg Tridax, Cotton * They are small and light
28
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by water
they develop a water proof outer layer and become buoyant eg coconut and manchineel
29
ways in which fruits are adapted for mechanical dispersion
some dry fruits split along lines of weakness and eject their seeds eg Pride of Barbados and pigeon pea
30
The Irish(English) potatoe is an example of :
Stem tuber
31
The banana plant an example of :
Stem sucker
32
the Leaf-of-life plant is an example of
Leaf buds
33
Identify the parts of the flower below
**Region B : Female parts (Carpal)** 1. stigma 2. style 3. ovary 4. ovule (containing the egg) **Region A: Male parts (Stamen)** 7. - anther 8 - filament **Other parts** 5. - Petals 6 - Sepals 9. - nectary 10 - receptacle
34
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by animals
* mostly succulent and store foods to attract animals. * some dry fruits contain hooks that attach the fruits to the fur of animal.
35
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by wind
* wing-like extensions on the fruit or seed eg Combretum, Mahogany and Tecoma * Hair-like extensions on the fruit or seed that form a parachute eg Tridax, Cotton * They are small and light
36
ways in which fruits are adapted for dispersal by water
they develop a water proof outer layer and become buoyant eg coconut and manchineel
37
ways in which fruits are adapted for mechanical dispersion
some dry fruits split along lines of weakness and eject their seeds eg Pride of Barbados and pigeon pea
38
The banana plant an example of :
Stem sucker
39
3 large Sugar Cubes A,B and C have the same dimensions Cube A was cut into 2 pieces Cube B was cut into 50 pieces Cube C was not cut. 1. After cutting, which block has the greatest total volume? 2. Which block has the greatest surface area 3. Which has the greatest surface area to volume ratio. 4. In terms of surface area to volume ratio, which one will dissolved more quickly when placed in water?
1. none 2. B 3. B 4. B becuase it has greater surface area to volume ratio
40
blood pathway
41
blood flow through the body
42
label the heart
43
label the heart
44
Label this diagram showing the cross section of the stem
45
Label this diagram showing the cross section of the root?
46
Explain the mechanism of translocation using the numbers on the diagram
1. sugars made in cells enter the seive tube by active transport 2. water moves from the adjacent xylem vessels by osmosis because the sugar concentration is high in the phloem 3. turgor pressure increases due to water entering 4. tugor pressure pushes the solution through the seive plates 5. sugars move from the seive tubes to into the cells of the sugar sink by active transport. 6. water is drawn out of the seive tube into the xylem vessels by suction created by the transpiration stream 7. turgor pressure decreased due to water leaving the seive tubes. the difference in pressure between 3 and 7 creates a pressure gradient which keeps the sugars moving in solution.
47
what does this diagram show?
phloem seive tubes
48
this is a section of which part of the plant?
stem
49
this is a section of which part of the plant?
root
50
what vascular structure does this image show?
Xylem vessels
51
Lines of defense against pathogens
52
parts of the skeleton: label the skeleton
53
Parts of the long bone and functions
A - Rounded head to form ball and socket joint allowing movement in all 3 planes B - The ends of the bone are made of spongy bone which is light and strong C- Growth of bone occurs here D - red bone marrow in the ends of the bone produces red blood cells E - yellow bone marrow is store for fat F - Shaft is hollow to reduce chance of a break occuring across the bone G - Outer part of bone made of compact bone which is very strong H - rounded ends form hinge joint J - sites of attachment for muscles
54
Parts of the long bone and functions
A - Rounded head to form ball and socket joint allowing movement in all 3 planes B - The ends of the bone are made of spongy bone which is light and strong C- Growth of bone occurs here D - red bone marrow in the ends of the bone produces red blood cells E - yellow bone marrow is store for fat F - Shaft is hollow to reduce chance of a break occuring across the bone G - Outer part of bone made of compact bone which is very strong H - rounded ends form hinge joint J - sites of attachment for muscles
55
What kind of joint is this?
ball and socket
56
what kind of joint is this?
Ankle bones - gliding joint Phalanges - hinge
57
what kind of joint is this?
Pivot
58
Draw and label the humerus
59
parts of synovial joint - label the diagram
60
Parts of the forelimb - label the diagram
61
Label the synovial joint
62
forearm - label the parts
63
what kind of joint is this?
Pivot
64
Draw and label the humerus
65
parts of synovial joint - label the diagram
66
Parts of the forelimb - label the diagram
67
Label the synovial joint
68
forearm - label the parts
69
what kind of joint is this?
Ankle bones - gliding joint Phalanges - hinge
70
What kind of joint is this?
ball and socket
71
parts of the skeleton: label the skeleton
74
Types of joints
* Hinge: elbow and knee * Ball and socket: shoulder and hip * Fixed: cranium * Pivot: the atlas * Gliding joint: wrist bones, vertebrae.
75
Types of joints
* Hinge: elbow and knee * Ball and socket: shoulder and hip * Fixed: cranium * Pivot: the atlas * Gliding joint: wrist bones, vertebrae.
76
Label parts of the excretory sytem
77
structure and function of the kidney. label the diagram with names and functions
78
structure of the nephron
79
Label the nephron and state what happens at each numbered region
1. renal artery has greater diameter than renal vein creating high pressure in the capillaries of the glomerulus 2. the pressure forces liquid(filtrate) into the Bowmans Capsule 3. the filtrate contains useful substances and waste. large molecules and corpuscles cannot pass. 4. Convoluted tubules reabsorb the useful substances eg. glucose, salts and water 5. loop of Henle absorbs water and salts 6. blood caillaries reabsorsb useful substances and secrete toxic substances into the tubule 7. Blood has reabsorbed 80% of the filtrate 8. Urine passes to the pelvis
80
What is homeostasis?
the maintenance of near normal internal conditions in the body by mechanisms of negative feedback
81
Skin structure : Identify the parts and regions of the skin
82
Describe osmoregulation
control of concentrations of salts and water in the blood with normal limits
83
describe the regulation of carbon dioxide concentration in the blood
84
describe the regulation of glucose concentration in the blood
85
Describe Thermoregulation in humans
86
label the skin
87
Label the respiratory system
88
explain gas exchange in the alveoli
89
Label the respiratory system
90
explain gas exchange in the alveoli
91
idenitfy the labelled parts of the internal structure of the leaf and indentify the cells that contain chloroplasts
1. waxy cuticle 2. upper epidermis 3. palisade layer 4. xylem 5. phloem 6. spongy mesophyl layer 7. guard cells - chloroplasts 8. spongy mesophyll cells - chloroplasts 9. palisade cell - chloroplasts 10. epidermal cell - no chloroplast 11. waxy cuticle 12. stoma
92
explain the graph below regarding the limiting factors of photosynthesis
clue- identify the limiting factors
93
Identify the different structures in the diagram below
1-Mouth or buccal cavity; 2- salivary gland; 3-liver; 4-stmach, 5-pancreas, 6-duodenum, 7-ileum, 8-colon, 9-colon, 10-rectum, 11-anus, 12-appenix, 13-caecum, 14-pancreatic duct, 15-bile duct, 16-pyloric sphincter, 17-gall bladder, 18-diaphram, 19-oesophagus, 20- epiglottis, 21-teeth, 22-lips, 23-tongue
94
Identify the parts and regions of the tooth
A-crown, B-neck, C-root, 1-enamel, 2-dentine, 3-gum, 4-cement, 5-cement fibres, 6-pulp cavity, 7-blood vessel, 8-nerve
95
Identify the different types of teeth
I- incisor, C- canine, PM-premolar, M-molar, 1-incisor, 2-canine, 3-premolar, 4-molar
96
Explain each of the graphs below
Clue - identify the limiting factors in each case
97
Mnemonic for Classifying Living things
KIDS - KINGDOM PREFER - PHYLUM CANDY - CLASS OVER - ORDER FRESH - FAMILY GREEEN - GENUS SALAD - SPECIES
98
What is the Whittaker Classification of Living things into the 5 main Kingdoms?
99
Complete the classification system shown here
103
How to Classify Animals into diffrent groups
A. VERTEBRATES 1. mammals 2. reptiles 3. amphibians 4. fish 5. birds B- INVERTEBRATES 1. Worms - soft , no cover, no legs * tapeworm - platyhelminthes * roundworm - nematodes * ringed worms - annelids 2. Cnidaria - coelenterates, soft- no cover, no legs eg Jellyfish, sea anemone, coral 3. Arthropods - exoskeleton - jointed legs * insects - fly , cockroach * arachnids - spider * crustaceans - crab, lobster * myriapods - millipede, centipede 4. Molluscs - shell - soft body, slimy, no legs 5. Echinoderm - hard skin + spines, no legs
104
Mnemonic for Classifying Living things
KIDS - KINGDOM PREFER - PHYLUM CANDY - CLASS OVER - ORDER FRESH - FAMILY GREEEN - GENUS SALAD - SPECIES
105
What is the Whittaker Classification of Living things into the 5 main Kingdoms?
106
Complete the classification system shown here
110
How to Classify Animals into diffrent groups
A. VERTEBRATES 1. mammals 2. reptiles 3. amphibians 4. fish 5. birds B- INVERTEBRATES 1. Worms - soft , no cover, no legs * tapeworm - platyhelminthes * roundworm - nematodes * ringed worms - annelids 2. Cnidaria - coelenterates, soft- no cover, no legs eg Jellyfish, sea anemone, coral 3. Arthropods - exoskeleton - jointed legs * insects - fly , cockroach * arachnids - spider * crustaceans - crab, lobster * myriapods - millipede, centipede 4. Molluscs - shell - soft body, slimy, no legs 5. Echinoderm - hard skin + spines, no legs
111
growth from seed to plant
112
Label the seed
113
label the external seed structure
114
Label the life cycle of the mosquito
115
Label the life cycle of the mosquito

CSEC BIOLOGY (21 decks)

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