B5: Movement Flashcards
what is movement?
action in which an organism or part of an organism changes in position or place
Definition of locomotion
- locomotion is the movement of the whole body from one place to another
importance of movement
- find food
- hide and escape from predators
- migrate to avoid harsh conditions or go in search of food
- find mates to reproduce
- find nesting sites to make nests
Movement in plants
- growth movements(slow)
- rapid movements of leaves such as the mimosa and venus fly trap
- dispersion of pollen and seeds
what is tropism?
growth movements
what harmone controls growth in plants?
Auxin
Growth Movements in plants
- related to nutrition
- phototropism - movement towards light - shoots
- geotropism - movement towards gravity - roots
Auxin is made in the (1)__________ of (2)_______and (3)___________
- tips
- roots
- shoots
Functions of the skeleton
- Movement
- protection: cranium, ribcage, vertebral column pelvis
- Support: bones provide framework for the other systems. The backbone provides support for the limbs and head
- Production of red blood cells: bone marrow in the interior of short bones and ends of long bones
How does phototropism work?
- auxins acummulate on the shaded side of the shoot and break down on the side exposed to light.
- cells reproduce more on the shaded side causing the shoot to bend towards the light side
explain geotropism
- auxins slow growth in the root, so growth is slowed where there is increased concentration of auxins and vice versa.
- Auxin accumulates on the lower side due to gravity.
- The side with less auxin will grow faster and so roots will always grow downward toward gravity.
parts of the skeleton: label the skeleton
Parts of the long bone and functions
A - Rounded head to form ball and socket joint allowing movement in all 3 planes
B - The ends of the bone are made of spongy bone which is light and strong
C- Growth of bone occurs here
D - red bone marrow in the ends of the bone produces red blood cells
E - yellow bone marrow is store for fat
F - Shaft is hollow to reduce chance of a break occuring across the bone
G - Outer part of bone made of compact bone which is very strong
H - rounded ends form hinge joint
J - sites of attachment for muscles
Types of joints
- Hinge: elbow and knee
- Ball and socket: shoulder and hip
- Fixed: cranium
- Pivot: the atlas
- Gliding joint: wrist bones, vertebrae.
What kind of joint is this?
Hinge
What kind of joint is this?
ball and socket
what kind of joint is this?
Ankle bones - gliding joint
Phalanges - hinge
what kind of joint is this?
Pivot
Draw and label the humerus
parts of synovial joint - label the diagram
Parts of the forelimb - label the diagram
Label the synovial joint
forearm - label the parts
function of the ligament
- joins bone to bone
- stretches as bones move
