B2: Reproduction in Animals Flashcards
Define reproduction
the process by which living organisms generate new individuals of the same kind as themselves
What structure is this and identify the lables

A- Fallopian tubes (oviducts),
B- Ovaries
C- Uterus
D- cervix
E - Vagina
F - Vulva
G- anus
H - ureter
I - bladder
J- urethra
K- lips(labia)
label the parts shown

A. seminal vesicle
B. prostate gland
C. sperm duct
D. urethra
E. penis
F. testis
G. bladder
H. ureter
I. scrotum
Functions of the listed parts

A: implantation and develpment of the embryo
B: site of fertilization. Moves ova from ovary to uterus
C: formation of the female gametes(ova). Secretes oestrogen and progesterone
D: retains the contents of the uterus during pregancy. Secretes different forms of mucous during the menstrual cycle
E: receives the penis and sperm, and is also the birth canal
F: opening of the vagina
Functions of the listed parts

A. secretes seminal fluid that mixes with sperm
B. secretes prostate fluid that mixes with seminal fliud
C. transfers sperm fron the testes to the urethra
D. carries semen to the outside of the body. Also carries urine to the outside af the body but not at the same time.
E. becomes erect during intercourse and deposits sperm in he vagina.
F. produces sperm and secretes testosterone
G. stores urine
H. transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder
I. hold the testes at lower temperature than the body temperature
How are gametes produced ?
When cells divide by meiosis
Where is sperm produced ?
Testes
Where are eggs produced ?
Ovaries
What produces cells that are NOT genetically identical?
Meiosis
What is the tail on a sperm cell called ?
Flagellum
What is external fertilisation?
Fertilisation that occurs outside the body
What is internal fertilisation?
Fertilisation that occurs inside the body
What happens when the sperm reaches the ovum ?
the nucleus of the sperm enters the ovum and fuse with the ovums nucleus, thus restoring the diploid number of chromosome
How many chromosomes does each human gamete have ?
Half the normal number • 23
What is fertilisation ?
Fertilisation is the fusion of haploid male and female gametes, restoring diploid number of chromosomes in the zygote
How many chromosome does the zygote (adult cell) have ?
46
where are sperms stored?
the epididymis
What hormone does the placenta secrete and what does it do ?
Progesterone which prevents the embryo from aborting
When do we call the embryo a foetus ?
When it looks human
What is the membrane called that encloses the developing embryo ?
Amnion
What does the amnion secrete and what does it do ?
Amniotic fluid and it protects the developing embryo from bumps and jolts
What does the placenta do
• anchors the embryo • allows the embryo to obtain glucose and oxygen • gets rid of waste products such as carbon dioxide
How is the placenta attached to the embryo ?
By the umbilical cord
How do the materials move between the maternal and the fetal blood ?
Diffusion




