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BMB Test 4 > B7-076 Anxiety Disorders > Flashcards

B7-076 Anxiety Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

differentiate PTSD and acute stress disorder

A

PTSD: duration greater than 1 month

acute stress disorder: duration less than one month

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2
Q

symptoms of PTSD

A

Hyperarousal
Avoidance of associated stimuli
Re-experiencing
Distress

PTSD is HARD

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3
Q

experiencing, witnessing, or discovering that a loved one has experienced a life threatening situation

A

PTSD

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4
Q

recurrent intrusive thoughts or sensations

A

obsessions

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5
Q

repetitive, often time-consuming actions that may relieve stress

A

compulsions

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6
Q

obsessions in OCD are recognized are […] by the individual

A

irrational

(separates it from OCPD, in which actions are rationalized)

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7
Q

recurrent panic attacks involving intense fear and discomfort without a clear trigger

A

panic disorder

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8
Q

attacks in panic disorder typically peak in […] minutes

A

10

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9
Q

how many symptoms are needed during an attack to diagnose panic disorder?

A

4 or more

(palpitations, derealization, paresthesias, abdominal distress, intense fear of dying/losing control, lightheadedness, chest pain, chills, sweating, etc)

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10
Q

differentiate panic disorder and PTSD

A

PTSD occurs due to a clear trigger

panic disorder does not have a clear trigger

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11
Q

panic disorder patients can develop […] due to fear of recurrent attacks

A

agoraphobia

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12
Q

diagnosis of panic disorder requires 1 or more month with 1 or more of the following symptoms [3]

A

persistent concern of additional attacks
worrying about consequences of attacks
behavioral change related to attacks

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13
Q

excessive worry about multiple events or activities

subjective difficulty redirecting worry

A

generalized anxiety disorder

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14
Q

GAD must have […] months duration

A

6 or more

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15
Q

associated features of GAD required for diagnosis

A

Concentration difficulty
Restlessness
Irritability
Muscle tension
Energy low (fatigue)
Sleep distrubances

CRIMES- must have 3 of 6

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16
Q

key question for making diagnosis of GAD

A

do you feel like you can stop worrying when you need to?

(patients with GAD have trouble redirecting worry)

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17
Q

cued or anticipated fear that is excessive and unreasonable and provokes immediate anxiety

A

specific phobias

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18
Q

severe, persistent (>6 months) fear/anxiety due to presence or anticipation of a specific object or situation

A

specific phobia

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19
Q

do people with specific phobias recognize the fear is excessive?

A

yes

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20
Q

irrational fear/avoidance of leaving comfort zones due to fear that help/escape is unavailable

A

agoraphobia

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21
Q

exaggerated fear of embarrassment in social situations recognized as excessive/unreasonable

A

social anxiety disorder

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22
Q

social anxiety disorder is a type of

A

specific phobia

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23
Q

anxiety is physiologically related to a known medical condition

A

anxiety disorder due to GMC

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24
Q

anxiety is physiologically related to effects/withdrawal of substance or medication

A

substance induced anxiety disorder

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25
Q

anxiety is present but does not meet criteria for other anxiety disorders

A

anxiety disorder NOS

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26
Q

anxiety disorders are often co-morbid with

A

mood disorders (depression)

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27
Q

what types of anxiety disorders are more prevalent [3]

A

phobias
social anxiety
PTSD

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28
Q

what types of anxiety disorders are least prevalent [2]

A

panic disorder
OCD

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29
Q

two or more depressive symptoms lasting two or more years

A

persistent depressive disorder (dysthmia)

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30
Q

onset of anxiety disorders typically onset in

A

late adolescence/early adulthood

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31
Q

anxiety disorders with some evidence of genetic components [4]

A

panic disorder
OCD
GAD
phobias

32
Q

anxiety disorders can be more prevalent in persons with […] type personality disorders

A

cluster C

33
Q

“anxious, avoidant, fearful” cluster

A

cluster C

34
Q

diseases falling under cluster C [3]

A

OCPD
dependent personality disorder
avoidant personality disorder

35
Q

differentiate social anxiety disorder and avoidant personality disorder

A

social anxiety disorder: anxiety in response to certain fears like public speaking or performing

avoidant personality disorder: more chronic, lifelong avoidance and anxiety in any setting

36
Q

differentiate dependent personality disorder and avoidant personality disorder

A

dependent personality disorder: people pleasing tendencies

avoidant personality disorder: totally avoidant of people

37
Q

patients with […] will typically be cognizant of symptoms and problems on assessment [4]

A

OCD
phobias
panic disorder
GAD

38
Q

patients with […] may be avoidant or reluctant to discuss their symptoms on assessment

A

PTSD

39
Q

preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control

behaviors are consistent with one’s own beliefs

A

obsessive compulsive personality disorder

(in contrast to OCD, in which patients recognize symptoms are irrational)

40
Q

excessive need for support, submissive, low self confidence

A

dependent personality disorder

41
Q

hypersensitive to rejection and criticism, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy

A

avoidant personality disorder

42
Q

anxiety disorders are ego […]

A

dystonic

(aware of problem)

43
Q

personality disorders are ego […]

A

syntonic

(not aware of problem)

44
Q

make screening questions […] to make patients more comfortable sharing symptoms

A

conversational

45
Q

goal of testing is to determine if a person meets criteria for a psychiatric diagnosis

A

psychodiagnostic testing

46
Q

criterion referenced testing

A

psychodiagnostic testing

47
Q

testing with a restricted response range with yes/no response to each symptom

A

objective testing

48
Q

testing with open response range, like asking the patient to interpret finding

(analyzes themes)

A

projective testing

49
Q

treatment for anxiety disorders with […] can also treat co-morbid depressive features

A

SSRIs

50
Q

patients with anxiety disorders often have […] insight and can engage in coping strategies

A

good

51
Q

used in acute depression
rapid response
can help with comorbid anxiety

A

electroconvulsive therapy

52
Q

rapid-acting method to treat refractory depression
induces tonic-clonic seizure under anesthesia and neuromuscular blockade

A

electroconvulsive therapy

53
Q

systematic exposure/dose of related but incrementally threatening triggers/situations

A

graded exposure therapy

54
Q

direct exposure to an intense/threatening stimulus without option of avoidance to produce desensitization

A

flooding exposure therapy

55
Q

systematic desensitization via discussion, imagery, and planned exposure

A

slow and systematic

56
Q

systematic desensitization via conditioning resulting in “extinction”

A

counter conditioning

(anxiety typically peaks before extinction- just be aware because patient may want to d/c treatment)

57
Q

psychological approach that works especially well in children or patients with diminished cognitive capacity

A

token economy

(exposure earns tokens, maladaptive behaviors loose tokens)

58
Q

characterized by chronic worry and physical complaints

A

GAD

59
Q

panic attacks provoked by social situations

A

social anxiety disorder

60
Q

panic attacks come unreliably in multiple situations

A

panic disorder

61
Q

chronic disorder associated with trauma, intrusive recollections of trauma, avoidance, and physiological arousal

A

PTSD

62
Q

perceptions of […] by others are typical of social anxiety disorder

A

scrutiny

63
Q

fear of places where escape may be difficult, often due to fear of having additional panic attacks

A

agoraphobia

(panic disorder with agoraphobia)

64
Q

chronic worry and anxiety with somatic complaints

problems controlling/redirecting the worry

A

GAD

65
Q

occurs in social situation with others which can be provoked by fears of scrutiny of others

A

social anxiety disorder

66
Q

characterized by intrusive obsessions, followed by behavioral compulsions that reduce subjective anxiety

A

obsessive-compulsive disorder

67
Q

exposure technique in which a patient is exposed directly to their feared stimulus without options to avoid

A

flooding

68
Q

[…] and […] involve gradual systematic exposure to a feared stimulus over time to reduce anxiety symptoms

A

graded exposure
systematic desensitization

69
Q

[…] medications have potential for dependency/abuse

A

anxiolytics

70
Q

first line treatment in anxiety disorders

A

antidepressants

71
Q

trauma and associated symptoms occurring less than one month

A

acute distress disorder

72
Q

trauma and associated symptoms occurring greater than one month

A

PTSD

73
Q

patients with […] may be avoidant or reluctant to discuss their history and symptoms

A

PTSD

74
Q

responsible for cortisol release

A

adrenal gland

75
Q

what brain structure initiates the events of the HPA axis

A

amygdala

76
Q

describe the sequence of the HPA axis

A

amygdala –> hypothalamus –> pituitary –> adrenal gland

BMB Test 4 (14 decks)

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