B7-023 CBCL Spinal Cord Injury

Question 1

what nerve roots innervate the phrenic nerve?

Answer 1

C3-C5

Question 2

injury to the spinal column above […] will cause hypoventillatory failure requiring immediate intubation and ventilation

Answer 2

C3

Question 3

common cause of modern B12 deficiency

Answer 3

gastric bypass

Question 4

B12 deficiency causes […]

Answer 4

subacute combine degeneration

Question 5

key distinguishing symptom of neurogenic shock

Answer 5

decreased systemic vascular resistance

Question 6

tabes dorsalis from syphilis preferentially affects the […]

Answer 6

dorsal columns

Question 7

vitamin […] deficiency preferentially affects the cerebellar system

Answer 7

E

Question 8

autosomal recessive trinucleotide repeat disorder presenting with severe ataxia before age 25

Answer 8

Friedrich’s ataxia

Question 9

50% of patients have skeletal deformities like scoliosis and pes cavus

Answer 9

Friedrich’s ataxia

Question 10

known cause of transverse myelitis

Answer 10

lupus

Question 11

starts with a viral meningoencephalitis

Answer 11

WNV (poliomyelitis)

Question 12

[…] virus can cause anterior horn syndrome with depressed DTRs

Answer 12

west nile

Question 13

patchy involvement of anterior motor neurons with sparing of the long tracts

Answer 13

WNV (poliomyelitis)

Question 14

innervation to the […] is carried laterally in the corticospinal path

Answer 14

legs

Question 15

innervation to the […] is carried medially in the corticospinal path

Answer 15

arms

Question 16

PLS only involves the […] tracts

Answer 16

lateral corticospinal

(UMN symptoms of corticospinal tract)

Question 17

a patient with PLS will not show […] signs

Answer 17

LMN

(UMN signs of corticospinal tract only)

Question 18

in conus medullaris syndrome, weakness and saddle anesthesia are almost always […]

Answer 18

bilateral

Question 19

in cauda equina syndrome, weakness and saddle anesthesia can be […]

Answer 19

unilateral

Question 20

why does conus medullaris always cause bilateral involvement?

Answer 20

its very small, so structural lesions affect it bilaterally

Question 21

in cauda equina syndrome incontinence can occur, but it is usually only […] and occurs […] in the course

Answer 21

urine
late in the course

Question 22

involvement of the gray matter of the spinal cord will cause […] symptoms at that level

Answer 22

LMN

Question 23

sharp, shooting pain is classic for [radiculopathy/myelopathy]

Answer 23

radiculopathy

Question 24

[…] abuse causes irreversible inactivation of B12, causing SCD

Answer 24

nitric oxide

(B12 levels can still be normal)

Question 25

cerebellar tonsils hanging below the foramen magnum

Answer 25

chiari I malformation (causes syringomyelia at cervical cord-central cord syndrome)

Question 26

fluid-filled cavity at the center of the cord that causes symptoms from outward pressure

Answer 26

syrinx

Question 27

extradural tumors in adults [2]

Answer 27

cordoma sarcoma

Question 28

intradural tumors in adults [2] **most common**

Answer 28

meningiomas neurofibromas

Question 29

intramedullary tumors in adults [2]

Answer 29

gliomas ependyomas (cause central cord syndrome)

Question 30

spinal cord transections above the thoracic intermediolateral system can cause [...]

Answer 30

autonomic dysreflexia

Question 31

unopposed sympathetic charges triggered by intense stimuli below the level of the lesion

Answer 31

autonomic dysreflexia (can cause compensatory increase in parasympathetic tone above the level of lesion- flushing, sweating, increased secretions)

Question 32

triggers for autonomic dysreflexia [3]

Answer 32

pressure sores bladder distension fecal impaction

Question 33

when does a patient require cervical immobilization after a trauma?

Answer 33

not alert alert and experience neck pain/tenderness intoxicated abnormal neuro exam reduced ROM

Question 34

sepsis might suggest [...] compressing the cord

Answer 34

epidural abscess

Question 35

established cause of paraplegia in elderly men

Answer 35

dural AV fistula

Question 36

how does AV fistula cause spinal cord ischemia?

Answer 36

creates venous congestion and backflow

Question 37

poliomyelitis is an [...] syndrome

Answer 37

anterior horn

Question 38

excessive [...] can decrease copper absorption in the diet, causing an SCD presentation

Answer 38

zinc

Question 39

main cause of zinc toxicity

Answer 39

denture creams

Question 40

tumors causing central cord syndrome [2]

Answer 40

glioma ependymoma