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BMB Test 1 > B7-023 CBCL Spinal Cord Injury > Flashcards

B7-023 CBCL Spinal Cord Injury Flashcards

1
Q

what nerve roots innervate the phrenic nerve?

A

C3-C5

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2
Q

injury to the spinal column above […] will cause hypoventillatory failure requiring immediate intubation and ventilation

A

C3

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3
Q

common cause of modern B12 deficiency

A

gastric bypass

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4
Q

B12 deficiency causes […]

A

subacute combine degeneration

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5
Q

key distinguishing symptom of neurogenic shock

A

decreased systemic vascular resistance

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6
Q

tabes dorsalis from syphilis preferentially affects the […]

A

dorsal columns

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7
Q

vitamin […] deficiency preferentially affects the cerebellar system

A

E

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8
Q

autosomal recessive trinucleotide repeat disorder presenting with severe ataxia before age 25

A

Friedrich’s ataxia

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9
Q

50% of patients have skeletal deformities like scoliosis and pes cavus

A

Friedrich’s ataxia

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10
Q

known cause of transverse myelitis

A

lupus

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11
Q

starts with a viral meningoencephalitis

A

WNV (poliomyelitis)

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12
Q

[…] virus can cause anterior horn syndrome with depressed DTRs

A

west nile

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13
Q

patchy involvement of anterior motor neurons with sparing of the long tracts

A

WNV (poliomyelitis)

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14
Q

innervation to the […] is carried laterally in the corticospinal path

A

legs

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15
Q

innervation to the […] is carried medially in the corticospinal path

A

arms

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16
Q

PLS only involves the […] tracts

A

lateral corticospinal

(UMN symptoms of corticospinal tract)

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17
Q

a patient with PLS will not show […] signs

A

LMN

(UMN signs of corticospinal tract only)

18
Q

in conus medullaris syndrome, weakness and saddle anesthesia are almost always […]

A

bilateral

19
Q

in cauda equina syndrome, weakness and saddle anesthesia can be […]

A

unilateral

20
Q

why does conus medullaris always cause bilateral involvement?

A

its very small, so structural lesions affect it bilaterally

21
Q

in cauda equina syndrome incontinence can occur, but it is usually only […] and occurs […] in the course

A

urine
late in the course

22
Q

involvement of the gray matter of the spinal cord will cause […] symptoms at that level

A

LMN

23
Q

sharp, shooting pain is classic for [radiculopathy/myelopathy]

A

radiculopathy

24
Q

[…] abuse causes irreversible inactivation of B12, causing SCD

A

nitric oxide

(B12 levels can still be normal)

25
Q

cerebellar tonsils hanging below the foramen magnum

A

chiari I malformation

(causes syringomyelia at cervical cord-central cord syndrome)

26
Q

fluid-filled cavity at the center of the cord that causes symptoms from outward pressure

A

syrinx

27
Q

extradural tumors in adults [2]

A

cordoma
sarcoma

28
Q

intradural tumors in adults [2]

most common

A

meningiomas
neurofibromas

29
Q

intramedullary tumors in adults [2]

A

gliomas
ependyomas

(cause central cord syndrome)

30
Q

spinal cord transections above the thoracic intermediolateral system can cause […]

A

autonomic dysreflexia

31
Q

unopposed sympathetic charges triggered by intense stimuli below the level of the lesion

A

autonomic dysreflexia

(can cause compensatory increase in parasympathetic tone above the level of lesion- flushing, sweating, increased secretions)

32
Q

triggers for autonomic dysreflexia [3]

A

pressure sores
bladder distension
fecal impaction

33
Q

when does a patient require cervical immobilization after a trauma?

A

not alert
alert and experience neck pain/tenderness
intoxicated
abnormal neuro exam
reduced ROM

34
Q

sepsis might suggest […] compressing the cord

A

epidural abscess

35
Q

established cause of paraplegia in elderly men

A

dural AV fistula

36
Q

how does AV fistula cause spinal cord ischemia?

A

creates venous congestion and backflow

37
Q

poliomyelitis is an […] syndrome

A

anterior horn

38
Q

excessive […] can decrease copper absorption in the diet, causing an SCD presentation

A

zinc

39
Q

main cause of zinc toxicity

A

denture creams

40
Q

tumors causing central cord syndrome [2]

A

glioma
ependymoma

BMB Test 1 (17 decks)

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