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BMB Test 1 > B7-008 CBCL Neuropathy > Flashcards

B7-008 CBCL Neuropathy Flashcards

1
Q

describe the pattern, etiology, and explanation for focal neuropathy

A

pattern: unilatera, asymmetric
etiology: structural
explanation: anatomy

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2
Q

describe the pattern, etiology, and explanation for diffuse neuropathy

A

pattern: bilateral, symmetric
etiology: toxin or metabolite
explanation: physiology

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3
Q

causes bilateral, symmetric pattern of deficits and can be mistaken for diffuse neuropathy

A

midline structural lesions

(herniated disc, spinal tumor at cauda equina)

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4
Q

describe the pattern, etiology, and explanation for multifocal neuropathy

A

pattern: bilateral, asymmetric
etiology: inflammatory, infiltrative
explanation: anatomy or physiology

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5
Q

when you have a patient presenting with diffuse neuropathy syndrome, it is important to look for

A

midline structural lesions

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6
Q

contrast the deficit patterns of myelinopathies and axonopathies

A

diffuse diseases that affect myelin cause both proximal and distal weakness

diffuse diseases that affect the axon start distal and move proximal, so patients often present with distal weakness first

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7
Q

contrast the deficit patterns of small and large fiber neuropathies

A

small fibers cause mostly pain/temperature loss

large fiber cause motor loss

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8
Q

T4 corresponds to

A

nipple line

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9
Q

T10 corresponds to

A

umbilicus

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10
Q

C8 corresponds to

A

medial hand (pinky)

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11
Q

C6 corresponds to

A

lateral hand (thumb)

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12
Q

S1 corresponds to

A

lateral foot

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13
Q

L5 corresponds to

A

medial foot (big toe)

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14
Q

most common nerve root to be affected by degenerative arthritis in the upper extremity

A

C7

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15
Q

most common nerve root to be affected by degenerative arthritis in the lower extremity [2]

A

L5/S1

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16
Q

common causes of focal neuropathy [2]

A

trauma (acute)
entrapment (chronic)

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17
Q

too much pressure on a nerve while sleeping causes a […] focal neuropathy

A

neuropraxic

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18
Q

focal demyelination
axons and connective tissue intact

A

neuropraxia

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19
Q

how long does recovery from a neuropraxic injury take?

A

1-8 weeks

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20
Q

axon injury
connective tissue intact

A

axonotmesis

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21
Q

how long does recovery from a axonotmestic injury take?

A

variable, 1mm per day

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22
Q

axon transected
connective tissue disrupted

A

neurotmesis

no recovery

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23
Q

median neuropathy at the wrist

A

carpal tunnel

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24
Q

symmetric distal-to-proximal sensory loss
absent ankle reflexes
with/without weakness

A

distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy

(diffuse, length dependent)

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25
Q

“stocking and glove” sensory loss is an example of

A

distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy

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26
Q

two most common causes of distal symmetric peripheral neuropathy

A

diabetic peripheral neuropathy
cryptogenic (unknown)

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27
Q

bilateral symmetric sensory loss
preserved reflexes
no weakness

A

distal symmetric small fiber neuropathy

(diffuse, length dependent)

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28
Q

symmetric sensory loss
generalized hyporeflexia
proximal and distal weakness

A

proximal and distal bilateral diffuse neuropathies

(diffuse, non-length dependent)

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29
Q

proximal and distal bilateral diffuse neuropathies are usually caused by

A

autoimmune destruction of myelin

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30
Q

proximal and distal bilateral diffuse neuropathies are categorized as [2]

A

time course

AIDP (acute)
CIDP (chronic)

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31
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome falls under what category?

A

AIDP

acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

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32
Q

Guillain-Barre causes […] paralysis

A

ascending

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33
Q

treatment for Guillain-Barre

A

IVIg
plasmapharesis

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34
Q

proximal weakness
generalized arreflexia

A

immune mediated neuropathy (AIDP or CIDP)

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35
Q

is AIDP or CIDP treatable with chronic immunosuppression?

A

CIPD

36
Q

symmetric distal sensory loss
absent ankle reflexes
with/without weakness
upper extremity spared

A

midline structural process (cauda equina)

but can also be early diabetic peripheral neuropathy or toxin presentation

37
Q

multifocal neuropathy involving multiple roots

A

polyradiculitis

38
Q

multifocal neuropathy involving multiple nerves

A

monneuropathy multiplex

39
Q

polyradiculitis is commonly caused by

A

chronic inflammation of meninges

40
Q

monneuropathy multiplex is commonly caused by

A

vasculitis

41
Q

causes of acute to subacute multifocal neuropathies [3]

A

neoplastic
autoimmune
infectious (Lyme)

42
Q

cause of chronic multifocal neuropathies

A

hereditary predisposition to pressure palsies

43
Q

acute focal neuropathy is often caused by

A

trauma

44
Q

chronic focal neuropathy is often caused by

A

entrapment

45
Q

acute diffuse, distal neuropathy is often caused by

A

acute toxin (drug) exposure

(chemotherapy, arsenic)

46
Q

chronic diffuse, distal neuropathy is often caused by [5]

A

diabetes
cryptogenic
hereditary
chronic toxin
organ failure

47
Q

acute diffuse, distal and proximal neuropathy is often caused by

A

AIDP (Guillain-Barre)

48
Q

chronic diffuse, distal and proximal neuropathy is often caused by

A

CIDP

49
Q

acute midline neuropathy is often caused by [3]

A

cauda equina syndrome
trauma
hematoma

50
Q

chronic midline neuropathy is often caused by [3]

A

cauda equina syndrome
spinal stenosis
tumor

51
Q

acute multifocal neuropathy is often caused by [3]

A

inflammatory
neoplastic
infectious

52
Q

chronic multifocal neuropathy is often caused by

A

predisposition to pressure palsies

53
Q

unilateral, asymmetric

A

focal neuropathy

54
Q

bilateral, symmetric, distal

A

distal symmetric length dependent neuropathy (axonopathy)

55
Q

bilateral, symmetric, distal and proximal

A

immune mediate neuropathies (myelinopathy)

56
Q

bilateral, symmetric, sparing of hands

A

possible midline structural lesion of the cauda equina

57
Q

bilateral, asymmetric

A

multifocal

58
Q

three types of traumatic nerve injury

A

neuroprxia
axonotmetic
neurotmetic

59
Q

innervates middle digit, triceps, and tricep reflex

A

C7

60
Q

[…] radiculopathy would cause numbness of the first and second digits, weakness of bicep

A

C6

61
Q

[…] radiculopathy would cause numbness of the fourth and fifth digits, week intrinsic hand muscles

A

C8

62
Q

[…] neuropathy would cause triceps weakness

A

radial

63
Q

[…] neuropathy would cause numbness to the palmar hand and digits 1-3

A

median

64
Q

the presence of […] is a hallmark of immune mediated peripheral neuropathies

A

proximal muscle weakness

65
Q
A

:)

66
Q

diabetic neuropathy is an example of what pattern of involvement?

A

distal symmetric length-dependent sensory neuropathy

67
Q

balance is dependent on what 3 sensory systems

A

vestibular
vision
proprioception through large fiber nerves

68
Q

[…] fiber nerves provide proprioception

A

large

69
Q

medications most likely to be beneficial for burning neuropathic pain [4]

A

gabapentin
amitriptyline
duloxetine
pregabalin

70
Q

topical ointments for neuropathic pain [3]

A

capsaicin
lidocaine ointment
voltaren gel

71
Q

ADIP is an example of what pattern of involvement?

A

distal and proximal symmetric sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy

72
Q

systems involved in AIDP [3]

A

sensory
motor
autonomic

73
Q

treatment for AIDP [2]

A

plasmapharesis
IVIg

74
Q

elevated protein with normal WBC count of CSF analysis is common of

A

immune mediated neuropathies

75
Q

the main difference between AIDP and CIDP is

A

time course

76
Q

AIDP peaks in severity at […] weeks

A

8

77
Q

proximal weakness and areflexia indicates

A

immune mediated neuropathy

78
Q

treatment for CIDP [2]

A

IGIg
long term oral steroids

79
Q

characterized by damage to sensory nerve cells bodies of dorsal root ganglia, leading to degeneration of central and peripheral sensory projections

A

sensory ganglionopathy (sensory neuronopathy)

80
Q

vasculitic neuropathy usually presents with what pattern?

A

multifocal neuropathy

81
Q

what pattern of neuropathy would a B12 deficiency cause?

A

bilateral symmetric

82
Q

when a lesion involves the […] in presents with dermatomal sensory changes and myotomal weaknes

A

root

83
Q

if a sensory loss pattern involves the […] it is non-length dependent

A

face

84
Q

large fibers sense [3]

A

proprioception
fine touch
vibrations

85
Q

small fibers sense [2]

A

pain
temperature

86
Q

patients with […] experience symptoms in their hands before their lower extremity symptoms progressing above the knee

A

neuronopathy

BMB Test 1 (17 decks)

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