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M&M Test 2 > B6-101 MSK Exam: Lower Limb > Flashcards

B6-101 MSK Exam: Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

when would you expect to see swelling from a meniscal tear?

A

next day

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2
Q

worst pain in the first few steps after getting out of bed

A

plantar fasciitis

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3
Q

pathogen associated with causing septic hip in kids

A

H. flu

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4
Q

AROM means

A

patient moves joint under own power

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5
Q

PROM means

A

practitioner moves joint

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6
Q

it is important in cervical spin injury to allow […] before checking […]

A

AROM before PROM

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7
Q

examine [injured/uninjured] side first

A

uninjured

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8
Q

active movement against full resistances

A

5

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9
Q

active movement with gravity only

A

3

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10
Q

no active movement but detectable flicker or trace of muscle contraction

A

1

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11
Q

mass that fluctuates in size is likely

A

ganglion cyst

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12
Q

patients with discogenic back pain will want to remain in what posture?

A

standing

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13
Q

intervertebral disc pressure is highest in what position?

A

sitting

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14
Q

pain radiating down posterior thigh and past knee on straight leg test can indicate

A

sciatic nerve pain

**lower lumbar root

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15
Q

pain radiating down anterior thigh with passive hip hyperextension or knee flexion can indicate

A

femoral nerve pain

**upper lumbar root

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16
Q

right scapula elevated on Adams Forward Bending test indicates

A

adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

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17
Q

hip arthritis typically presents as pain where?

A

front of hip

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18
Q

trochanteric bursitis typically presents as pain where?

A

side of hip

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19
Q

pain in the back of the buttock indicates an issue with what area?

A

lumbar spine/facet

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20
Q

kid with loss of abduction of hip may be

A

Legg-Calves-Perthes

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21
Q

referred pain from the obturator nerve can go to the

A

knee

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22
Q

it is common for hip pathology to present as isolated […] pain

A

knee

**evaluated hip ROM for knee pain

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23
Q

pain with loss of hip internal rotation can indicate

A

arthritis
fracture
slipped capital femoral epiphysis (kid)

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24
Q

how would a patient with a hip fracture present?

A

hip and leg externally rotated

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25
Q

how would a patient with hip dislocation present?

A

“position of modesty”

adducted, flexed, internally rotated

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26
Q

positive trendelenburg sign indicates weak [2]

A

gluteus medius and minimus

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27
Q

normal hip drops and torso swings over to weak hip to maintain balance

A

positive trendelenburg sign

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28
Q

in a positive “apprehension” test the patient will

A

guard against lateral displacement of the patella

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29
Q

apprehension tests checks for

A

instability/dislocation/subluxation of patella

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30
Q

anterior drawer tests for

A

ACL integrity

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31
Q

positive Lachman’s indicates

A

ACL injury

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32
Q

best imaging for suspected ACL/PCL tear

A

MRI

33
Q

valgus stress applied at the ankle that illicits pain and laxity indicates damage to

A

MCL

34
Q

MCL and LCL tests should be performed at what degrees of extension?

A

0 and 30

**in full extension, the posterior capsule may cause false negative

35
Q

varus stress applied at the ankle that illicits pain and laxity indicates damage to

A

LCL

36
Q

all meniscus exam tests will be positive in patients with

A

arthritis

37
Q

describe the McMurray test

A
  1. flex knee
  2. rotate and extend knee while palpating medial or lateral side

**clicking or pain is considered positive

38
Q

“click” in medial compartment on McMurray indicates

A

medial meniscus tear

**same for lateral

39
Q

what way do you rotate the foot in McMurray to evaluate for medial meniscus tear?

A

externally

40
Q

what way do you rotate the foot in McMurray to evaluate for lateral meniscus tear?

A

internally

41
Q

apley grind tests evaluates for

A

meniscus tear

42
Q

thessaly test evaluates for

A

meniscus tear

43
Q

widely considered to be the most sensitive exam for meniscus tear

A

thessaly test

44
Q

[…] syndrome occurs frequently in runners and cyclers

A

IT band

45
Q

tenderness over the lateral aspect of the knee about 2 cm above the joint line

A

IT band syndrome

46
Q

tenderness over the lateral aspect of the knee 1 cm below the joint line over Gerdy’s tubercle

A

IT bursitis

47
Q

pain is illicited on palpation of the anterior tibial tuberosity

A

Osgood-Schlatter

48
Q

anterior knee pain below the patellar tendon in a patient 12-14

A

Osgood-Schlatter

49
Q

plantar bruising suggests

A

lisfranc fracture

50
Q

if a patient with flat foot is able to form an arch on toe rise, that indicates

A

flexible flatfoot (benign finding)

51
Q

if a patient with flat foot is not able to form an arch on toe rise, that indicates

A

rigid flat foot

**structural issue, usually talocalcaneal coalition

52
Q

most common cause of rigid flatfoot

A

talocalcaneal coalition

53
Q

pain anterior to the distal fibula

A

anterior talofibular ligament sprain

54
Q

why are medial ankle sprains less common than lateral?

A

deltoid ligament is much stronger

55
Q

tests for the integrity of the achilles

A

Thompson’s

**squeezing calf normally illicits plantar flexion, but when achilles is gone this response is absent

56
Q

tests the integrity of the anterior talofibular ligament

A

anterior drawer test

57
Q

tests the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament

A

talar tilt test

58
Q

no movement illicited upon squeezing calf (thompson’s)

A

achillies tendon rupture

59
Q

pain worse first steps out of bed but improves with standing

A

plantar fasciitis

60
Q

1st MTP joint arthritis/bone spur

A

hallux rigidus

61
Q

pain and limited 1st MTP joint AROM/PROM in extension

A

hallux rigidus

62
Q

tibia glides anteriorly to femur when knee is at a 90 degree angle

A

positive anterior drawer

**ACL tear

63
Q

tibia glides posterior to femur when knee is at a 90 degree angle

A

positive posterior drawer sign

**PCL tear

64
Q

medial widening in valgus stress test

A

MCL injury

65
Q

lateral widening in varus stress test

A

LCL injury

66
Q

during flexion/extension, pain/popping on internal rotation of knee

A

lateral meniscus tear

**LIME = Lateral Internal, Medial External

67
Q

during flexion/extension, pain/popping on external rotation of knee

A

medial meniscus tear

**LIME = Lateral Internal, Medial External

68
Q

subchondral bone resorption and collapse of wedge shaped portion of femoral head
leads to severe joint space collapse

A

AVN

69
Q

causes of AVN

A

alcoholism
steroids
trauma
irradiation
sickle cell
the bends
gauchers

70
Q

repeated aspirations of aseptic bursitis can cause

A

septic bursitis

71
Q

ligament inferior to lateral malleolus

A

calcaneofibular

72
Q

ligament posterior to lateral malleolus

A

posterior talofibular

73
Q

most commonly injured ligament from inversion injuries

A

ATFL

74
Q

an intact achilles tendon will […] with calf squeezing

A

plantar flex

75
Q

L1-L3 disc herniation would typically give […] nerve symptoms in the […] region

A

femoral
hip/thigh

76
Q

L3-L4 disc herniation would result in

A

diminished patellar reflex

77
Q

L4-L5 herniation would result in

A

loss of sensory to dorsum of foot, no reflex deficits

78
Q

S1 nerve root gives sensory to […] and motor to […]

A

lateral foot
motor to ankle plantar flexors, achilles

79
Q
A

M&M Test 2 (18 decks)

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