B6-072 Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

primary survey ABCDE

A

A-airway
B- breathing
C- circulation, is it shock?
D- deficit deformity, neuro status
E- exposure: where all the injuries are

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2
Q

most important part of secondary survey

A

reassessment

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3
Q

what is considered a definitive airway?

A

tube in trachea

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4
Q

what is an important consideration in trauma when establishing an airway?

A

C-spine stabilization

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5
Q

paradoxical movement of the chest indicates

A

flail chest

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6
Q

treatment for flail chest

A

positive pressure ventilation

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7
Q

in field treatment for open pneumothorax

A

three sided dressing

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8
Q

what is this?

A

tension pneumothorax

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9
Q

what is this?

A

tension hemothorax

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10
Q

treatment for pneum/hemothorax?

A

chest tube

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11
Q

bubbling in the fluid chamber of a chest tube when the patient coughs/breathes deeply indicates

A

air leak

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12
Q

Beck’s triad (hypotension, JVD, muffled heart sounds) indicates

A

pericardial tamponade

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13
Q

establish […] IVs to resuscitate with blood

A

2 large bore

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14
Q

most common cause of shock in trauma patient is

A

hemorrhage

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15
Q

define massive blood loss

A

loss of entire blood volume over 24 hours OR
50% acute loss within minutes of injury

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16
Q

define massive transfusion

A

> 10 unit PRBC OR
equivalent to blood volume has been given in 24 hours

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17
Q

by the time changes in the blood pressure are occurring, what stage of shock is the patient in?

A

class 3- need blood

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18
Q

triad of death

A

hemorrhage causing hypothermia, acidosis, coagulopathy

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19
Q

GCS < 8 means the patient is

A

in a coma, may need intubation but check ABC first

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20
Q

high spinal cord injury that affects the vagus nerve causes […] shock

A

neurogenic

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21
Q

what two broken bones pose an immediate danger to the patient?

A

pelvis
femur

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22
Q

the […] response of GCS is the most important predictor of outcome

A

motor

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23
Q

hypotension
bardycardia
warm extremities

A

neurogenic shock

24
Q

treatment for neurogenic shock

A

volume resuscitation
vasopressors if needed

25
Q

what 4 spaces does a FAST exam look at?

A

hepatorenal
perisplenic
pelvis
pericardial

26
Q

black space on FAST exam indicates

A

fluid (assumed to be blood until proven otherwise)

27
Q

why is it important to stabilize fractures?

A

diminishes blood loss

28
Q

open book pelvic fractures should receive a […] to slow blood loss

A

binder

29
Q

abdominal injury is most often found on […] survey

A

secondary

30
Q

thoracic injury is most often found on […] survey

A

primary

31
Q

[…] percentage of abdominal injuries require surgery

A

high

32
Q

[…] percentage of thoracic injuries require surgery

A

low

33
Q

aortic bifurcation is at the level of

A

umbilicus

34
Q

any injury below the nipple line anteriorly and the scapulae posteriorly has potential for […] injury

A

intraabdominal

35
Q

when perforated, “hallow” organs cause

A

contamination –> peritonitis

36
Q

what main structures are in the retroperitoneal cavity?

A

solid organs (kidney, pancreas)
large vessels (aorta, vena cava)

37
Q

differential movement of fixed and non-fixed structures is caused by

A

deceleration injuries (MVC)

38
Q

treatment of extraperitoneal bladder rupture due to pelvic fx

A

Foley decompression

39
Q

treatment of intraperitoneal rupture with a full bladder

A

requires surgery b/c is leaking into abdomen

40
Q

“seat belt” sign can indicate injury to

A

bowel

41
Q

guarding
rebound tenderness
percussion guarding
all sign of…

A

peritonitis

42
Q

small bowel injury many not show signs of […] for several hours

A

peritonitis

43
Q

rolling a pregnant patient to the […] will take pressure off the IVC

A

left

44
Q

patients in hemorrhagic shock should receive […] and […] before vasopressors

A

warm fluids
blood products

45
Q

Glascow coma scale is part of [primary/secondary] survey

A

primary

46
Q

symptoms of massive hemothorax:

A

SOB
tachycardia
hypotension
decreased breath sounds
dullness to percussion
flat neck veins

47
Q

symptoms of cardiac tamponade

A

muffled heart tones
shock
distended neck veins

48
Q

symptoms of neurogenic shock/spinal cord injuries

A

flaccid paralysis
hypotension
bradycardia

49
Q

best treatment for patient with blunt trauma that has a positive FAST exam

A

ex lap

50
Q

signs of tension pneumothorax

A

SOB
diminished breath sounds
tympany to percussion
distended neck veins

51
Q

is chest xray necessary for diagnosis of pneumothorax?

A

no, can go ahead with chest tube

52
Q

laceration without active extravasation of contrast can be treated with

A

watchful waiting

53
Q

laceration with active extravasation of contrast in a patient that is hemodymically stable can be managed with

A

embolization

54
Q

laceration with active extravasation of contrast in a patient that is not hemodymically stable can be managed with

A

emergent laparatomy

55
Q

treatment for neurogenic shock

A

initial volume resuscitation
followed by vasopressors as needed

56
Q

spinal cord injury
low bp
bradycardia

A

neurogenic shock

57
Q
A