B6-094 Hip, Knee, and Ankle Flashcards
movement most limited by hip joint
extension
the acetabular notch is bridged by the […] ligament
transverse acetabular
the depth of the acetabulum is increased by the
labrum
forms a collar around the femoral neck to hold head in acetabulum
orbicular zone
longitudinal fibers in the hip that help hold arteries from the medial/lateral circumflex arteries against the neck of the femur
retinacula
**at risk in femoral neck fx
intrinsic ligaments of the hip [3]
iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral
the […] ligaments help to maintain integrity of the hip
intrinsic
ligament that restricts hyperextension at the hip
iliofemoral
**ischiofemoral helps with this as well
ligament that restricts full abduction of the hip
pubofemoral
attaches to acetabular ligament and runs to head of the femur
round femoral head ligament
what vessel lies within the round femoral head ligament in infants/juvenilles
obturator
what is thought to be the function of the obturator vessel that lies in the round femoral head ligament?
assist in spreading synovial fluid
important collateral circulation bypassing the popliteal artery
genicular branches
**keep blood flow when knee is fully flexed for too long
is the fibula involved in the knee joint?
no
knee joint stability depends on
strength of surrounding muscles/tendons
extracapsular knee joint ligaments [5]
**bonus points: which two are intrinsic (thickening of capsule)
patellar ligament
fibular collateral ligament
tibial collateral ligament (intrinsic)
oblique popliteal ligament (intrinsic)
arcuate popliteal ligament
strong cordlike ligament that runs from the fibular head to lateral femoral condyle
fibular collateral ligament (LCL)
[…] passes deep to fibular collateral ligament
popliteus tendon
biceps femoris tendon is split by
fibular collateral ligament (LCL)
flat band that extends from the medial femoral epicondyle to medial tibial condyle
tibial collateral ligament (MCL)
why is the tibial collateral ligament damaged more often than the fibular collateral?
it has deep fibers that attach to the meniscus
the tibial and fibular collateral ligaments are […] when the knee is extended and […] during flexion
taut in extension
slack in flexion
can be torn during hyperextension of the knee
oblique popliteal ligament
prevents posterior displacement of the femur
prevents anterior displacement of the tibia
ACL
ACL is taunt at full […]
extension
prevents anterior displacement of femur
prevents posterior displacement of tibia
PCL
the PCL is taunt when the leg is […]
flexed
[…] bundle of the ACL resists anterior tibial translation during flexion
anteromedial
[…] bundle of the ACL resists anterior tibial translation and tibial rotation in extension
posterolateral
positive anterior drawer sign indicates
ACL tear
the anterior edges of the menisci are joined by
transverse ligament of the knee
allows menisci to move together during movements of femur on tibia
transverse ligament of the knee
relationships of medial meniscus to ACL, PCL and tibial collateral
attaches anterior to ACL (anterior horn)
attaches anterior to PCL (posterior horn)
adherent to deep surface of tibial collateral
the posterior meniscofemoral ligament joins the lateral meniscus to the
PCL
passes between the medial meniscus and fibular collateral ligament
popliteus tendon
which menisci is smaller and more mobile?
lateral
positive posterior drawer test indicates a tear in
PCL
passive fallen arch of the foot is due to a laxity in
plantar calcaneonavicular