B5.1.3 Meiosis

Question 1

Diploid cells

Answer 1

Cells which contain two sets of chromosomes-46 in humans

Normal body cells

Question 2

Haploid cells

Answer 2

Cells which contain one set of chromosomes -23 in humans

Sex cells

Question 3

Zygote

Answer 3

Fertilised egg

Question 4

What happens in fertilisation?

Answer 4

2 haploid gamete cells join together to form diploid cell zygote
Zygote divides many times through meiosis to produce new organism

Question 5

Genome

Answer 5

Entire genetic material of an organism

Question 6

How are gametes produced?

Answer 6

Cell division called meiosis

Question 7

What does meiosis do?

Answer 7

• produces non-identical cells
• produces 4 cells
• produces haploids from 1 diploid
• only occurs in reproductive organs (testes&ovaries)

Question 8

Meiosis division 1

Answer 8

1. Before division cell duplicated DNA
2. Chromosomes line up in centre
3. Pairs pulled apart so each cell has copy of each chromosome
4. 2 new cells formed

Question 9

Meiosis cell division 2

Answer 9

1. chromosomes line up in centre of cells again
2. Arms of chromosomes pulled apart to either end of cells
3. Cells divide to form 4 haploid gametes with only a single set of chromosomes and all genetically different