B3.3 The chemistry of food Flashcards
What are carbohydrates?
A fuel that is made up of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen and made up of single units of sugar
What are some examples of carbohydrates?
Starch
Cellulose
Simple sugars
What are lipids?
Fats and oils
What lipids made up of?
Fatty acids and glycerol
What proteins used for?
Building up cells as well as the basis of all your enzymes
What are proteins made up of?
Long chains of small units called amino acids
Why are amino shapes folded and coiled in specific shapes?
Enables other molecules to fit into the protein
What does it mean when the protein is denatured?
When the shape of the protein may not function any more in your cells
What are the several functions of proteins?
Act as hormones such as insulin
Act as antibodies
Act as enzymes
Act as components of tissues
How can you test for carbohydrates using a Benedict’s test or a iodine test?
Iodine test for starch - yellow
Red iodine solutions turns blue - black if starch is present
Benedict’s solution turns blue if there are carbohydrates present in the solution
Turns brick red if sugars such as glucose is present in the solution
How can you test for Proteins?
Biuret test - blue biuret reagent turns purple if protein is present
How can you test for lipids?
