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IBI Test 3 > B3.048 - Prework Hematologic Diagnostics > Flashcards

B3.048 - Prework Hematologic Diagnostics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of blood

A

oxygen transport Inflammation/immunity Hemostasis

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2
Q

What component of blood helps with oxygen transport

A

RBCs

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3
Q

what are RBCs made up of

A

heme iron globin

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4
Q

what component of blood is responsible for inflammation/immunity

A

WBCs

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5
Q

what component of blood is responsible for hemostasis

A

platelets Plasma proteins (coagulation factors)

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6
Q

if you look at blood in the lab with an anticoagulant only what are you looking at? what if you centrifuge it?

A

Whole blood cells + plasma

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7
Q

if you look at blood in the lab without anticoagulation, allow it to clot and centrifuge it what are you looking at?

A

clot (cells + coagulation factor proteins) + serum

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8
Q

what is plasma

A

serum + coagulation factors

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9
Q

what anticoagulants are used in the lab

A

EDTA Heparin Citrate

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10
Q

how does citrate work and when do you use it

A

it binds and sequesters calcium needed for coagulation, it can be used for coagulation testing.

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11
Q

how can you cause coagulation with citrate

A

if you saturate it with calcium then the remaining calcium will allow for coagulation

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12
Q

how does EDTA work

A

it kelates calcium irreversibly

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13
Q

when do you use EDTA or heparin

A

if youre not worried about coagulation testing

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14
Q

what do you use for lab evaluation of oxygen transport

A

EDTA

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15
Q

what do you use for evaluating reticulocyte count

A

EDTA

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16
Q

What do you use to evaluate blood smear

A

EDTA

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17
Q

what do you use to evaluate differential count

A

EDTA

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18
Q

what do you use for flow cytometry evaluating inflammation/immunity component of blood

A

Heparin

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19
Q

what is a left shift

A

circulating immature granulocytes

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20
Q

what is toxic granulation

A

presence of toxic primary granules in a left shift

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21
Q

what are Dohle bodies

A

basophilic areas

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22
Q

what are these called and what are they

A

toxic granules presence of primary granules

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23
Q

what is this

A

Dohle body

areas of basophilia

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24
Q

what is leukoerythroblastosis

A

left shift + circulating nucleated red blood cells

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25
Q

what are these indicative of

A

leukoerythroblastosis

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26
Q

what are tests you run for evaluation of hemostasis

A

CBC

Tests of Platelet function

Coagulation tests

27
Q

what anticoagulant do you use for tests of platelet function and coagulation test

A

citrate

28
Q

what does immature platelet fraction tell you

A

if the issue with platelets is with making them or something else

29
Q

functional elements of hemostasis

A

Vascular wall

Platelets

vWF

Coagulation factors

calcium

30
Q

what is primary hemostasis

A

formation of platelet plug

31
Q

secondary hemostasis is

A

fibrin meshwork stabilized by cross linking

32
Q

what mediates formation of initial platelet plug

A

gp1b

33
Q

what mediates platelet aggregation in primary hemostasis

A

Gp2b-3a

34
Q

describe the intrinsic and extrinsic pathway of hemostasis

A
35
Q

describe the in vivo pathway of hemostasis

A
36
Q

extrinsic pathway factors

A

TF, VII

37
Q

Intrinsic pathway factors

A

prekallikrein, HMWK, factors XII, XI, IX, VIII

38
Q

common pathway factors

A

X,V, II, I

39
Q

fibrin stabilization factor

A

XIII

40
Q

what is factor II

A

prothrombin

41
Q

what is factor I

A

fibrinogen

42
Q

what is used to test for platelet function

A

PFA-100

43
Q

what is used to test for clotting

A

PT - extrinsic/commn

PTT - intrinsic/common

44
Q

when does clinical bleeding present

A

<10% clotting factors

45
Q

when does the PTT/PT show decrease in clotting factors

A

<30-50%

46
Q

what are D dimers

A

fragments of cross linked fibrin aka clots

47
Q

D dimer is used for pulmonary embolism bc

A

if its negative it cant be pulmonary embolism

48
Q

D dimer has a very high

A

negavie predictive value for PE

49
Q

proportion of hematopoetic cells to fat

A

1:1

50
Q

proportion of myeloid cells to erythroid in BM

A

3:1

51
Q

Labs to evaluate BM

A

Aspirate

Biopsy

Immunophenotype

Genetic analysis

52
Q

Aspirate of BM used to evaluate

A

cellular morphology, cell counts

53
Q

Biopsy of BM used to evaluate

A

architecure, infiltrates

54
Q

immunotphenotype used to assess/ types

A

Lymphoid cells/blasts

Flow cytometry

Immunohistochemistry

55
Q

genetic analysis techniques

A

Cytogenetics

FISH

molecular techniques

56
Q

where are B cells found in lymph node

A

cortex

57
Q

which follicles are immunologically active

A

primary

58
Q

which follicles are immunologically active

A

secondary

59
Q

where are T cells found in lymph nodes

A

paracortex

60
Q

lab eval techniques for lymph nodes

A

biopsy

immunophenotype

Genetic analysis

61
Q

what is this

A

lymph node

62
Q

what does this indicate

A

B cell lymphoma

63
Q

what are the CD markers for

B lineage

T lineage

NK cells

Myeloid lineage

A

IBI Test 3 (16 decks)

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