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IBI Test 3 > B3.038 - Big Case Leukemia > Flashcards

B3.038 - Big Case Leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

APL is frequently associated with what

A

DIC

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2
Q

what is diagnostic for acute leukemia

A

>20% blasts in bone marrow

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3
Q

what are the bone marrow pathological findings of ALL and AML

A

increased cellularity increased blasts

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4
Q

what is acute leukemia

A

neoplasm derived from prefcursor hematopoietic cells iwht proliferation and accumulation of immature (blast )cells aka proliferation without maturation

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5
Q

Variably hypercellular, megakaryocytic predominancy

mild or no fibrosis

A

ET

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6
Q

Markedly hypercellular, granulocyte predominance, blasts <10%, Mild fibrosis

A

CML

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7
Q

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia translocation

A

t(15;17) Disrupts retinoic acid receptor (RAR-alpha) gene

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8
Q

ALL favorable prognostic features

A

Precursor B-ALL 4-10 yo <10,000 WBC hyperdiploidy, t(12;21)

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9
Q

Etiologic associations of leukemias

A

Trisomy 21 radiation exposure to alkylating agents, topoisomerase II inhibitors, primarily AML Immunodeficiency states other stem cell hematologic disorders

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10
Q

Hypercellular, mostly granulocytic and megakaryocytic

Reticulin and collagenous fibrosis and osteosclerosis

A

PMF

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11
Q

what are blood pathologic findings of AML and ALL

A

anemia nuetropenia thrombocytopenia circulating blasts

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12
Q

what is the most common cancer in children

A

ALL

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13
Q

how do you diagnose AML

A

>20% blasts in bone marrow myeloperoxidase + TdT- CD34+ CD13+ CD33+ CD117+

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14
Q

can AML turn into myeloproliferative neoplasms

A

no

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15
Q

why is hyperdiploidy favorable for ALL

A

specific types of chromosomes get repeated that help pt

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16
Q

what are these

A

schistocytes

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17
Q

Markedly hypercellular with erythroid predominance, increased and clustered megakaryocytes

Decreased or absent Iron

mild to moderate fibrosis

A

PV

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18
Q

when can lymphoid neoplasms occur

A

any point bc lymphoid cells live a long time and change/reproduce

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19
Q

what does acute promyelocytic leukemia looks like

A

abnormal promyelocyte like cells with multiple auer rods

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20
Q

AML has morphologic/functional similarity to

A

myeloid cell lines

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21
Q

what is used to treat APL

A

All trans retinoic acid

22
Q

what are these and what are they associated with

A

Auer rods, with AML diagnostic

23
Q

what is cellularity

A

amount of bone marrow occupied by cells as opposed to fat

24
Q

what are clinical findings of ALL

A

bone marrow insufficiency Bone pain Hepatosplenomegaly Lymphadenopathy

25
Q

What are auer rods diagnostic for

A

AML

26
Q

describe acute leukemias

A

primarily immature cells untreated will rapidly progess and be fatal in weeks to montsh

27
Q

ALL/LBL epidemiology

A

Most common cancer of childhood mostly B cell cancer and second peak after 50

28
Q

when can myeloid neoplasms occur

A

in the blast stage

29
Q

cell division is required for what

A

neoplasms to be produced

30
Q

ALL unfavorable prognostic features

A

T-ALL <2>10 y >10,000 WBCs organomegaly t(4;11), t(9;22)

31
Q

what is myeloperoxidase important in

A

enzyme important in granulocytic function and killing bacteria

32
Q

what is the goal of induction therapy and what is it

A

usually multi agent chemo produce complete remission

33
Q
A

PV

34
Q

describe chronic leukemias

A

primarily mature or maturing cells untreated will take weeks to moths to progress

35
Q

how do you diagnose B-ALL

A

TdT+ Myeloperoxidase - CD10+ CD19+

36
Q

what are unfavorable features of AML prognosis

A

age >60 WBC >100,000 prior myelodysplastic syndrom

37
Q

auer rods are what

A

concentrations of pirmary granules, only in myeloid lineage blasts

38
Q

what are clinical findings of AML

A

bone marrow insufficiency hepatosplenomegaly

39
Q

ALL/LBL

A

B lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

40
Q

TdT is expressed by what

A

immature lymphoid cells

41
Q

can myeloproliferateive neoplasms turn into AML

A

yes

42
Q

what is post induction therapy

A

goal is long term disease free survival

43
Q
A

PMF

44
Q

aggregates of mast cells

positive for metachromatic stains

A

Mastocytosis

45
Q

which is worse AML or myeloproliferateive neoplasm

A

AML

46
Q

T-ALL diagnostics

A

TdT+ Myeloperoxidase - CD2+ CD3+ CD5+

47
Q

why dont you have lypmphadenopathy in AML

A

you dont have myeloid cells going to lymph nodes

48
Q

AML epidemiology

A

incidence increases steadily through adult life

49
Q
A

CML

50
Q

Favorable features of AML prognosis

A

t(15;17) t(8;21)

51
Q
A

CML

IBI Test 3 (16 decks)

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