B2 - Cells Flashcards
What are basic plant cells made up of?
A cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm and chloroplasts containing chlorophyll.
What are basic animal cells made up of?
A cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm.
What is the cytoplasm and what does it do?
It is jelly-like, with particles and organelles in it. it is enclosed by the cell membrane. It contains the cell organelles e.g. mitochondria, nucleus, site of chemical reactions.
What is the cell membrane and what does it do?
A partially permeable layer that forms a boundary around the cytoplasm. It prevents cell contents from escaping and controls what substances enter and leave the cell.
What is the nucleus and what does it do?
A circular or oval structure containing DNA in the form of chromosomes. It is inside the cytoplasm and controls cell division, cell development, and cell activities.
What is the cell wall and what does it do?
A tough, non-living layer made of cellulose surrounding the cell membrane. It is around the outside of plant cells. It prevents plant cells from bursting and allows water and salts to pass through (freely permeable).
What is the vacuole and what does it do?
A fluid-filled space surrounded by a membrane. It is inside the cytoplasm of plant cells. It contains salts and sugars and helps to keep plant cells firm.
What is the chloroplast and what does it do?
An organelle containing chlorophyll inside the cytoplasm of some plant cells. It traps light energy for photosynthesis.
What is the function of ciliated cells?
Movement of mucus in the trachea and bronchi
What is the function of root hair cells?
Absorption.
What is the function of palisade mesophyll cells?
Photosynthesis.
What is the function of red blood cells?
Transport of oxygen.
What is the function of sperm and egg cells?
Reproduction
What is the formula for magnification?
image size/real size
measured in mm
What is diffusion?
The net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient, as a result of their random movement.
