B1 : Active Transport

Question 1

What is active transport

Answer 1

The movement of substances from a low concentration to a high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. This means moving against the concentration gradient which requires energy provided by respiration in the mitochondria

Question 2

What are the two main purposes of Active Transport

Answer 2

Allow mineral ions to be absorbed into plant root hair cells from very dilute solutions in the soil. Plants require ions for healthy growth, so this movement is vital
Allow sugar molecules to be absorbed from lower concentrations in the gut into the blood which has a higher sugar concentration. Sugar molecules are used for cell respiration, which is needed to release energy.

Question 3

What is active transport?

Answer 3

Active transport is the movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane using ATP to go against the concentration gradient.

Question 4

Which way along the concentration gradient does active transport move substances

Answer 4

Against the concentration gradient.

Question 5

State two substances that experience active transport

Answer 5

Mineral ions in the soil use active transport to enter the root hair cell. Glucose molecules use active transport to enter the bloodstream through the villi in the small intestine

Question 6

Describe how root hair cells use active transport

Answer 6

Mineral ions are in a low concentration in the soil and needs to move to a high concentration in the root so move against the concentration gradient.