Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Nutrition > B-Vitamins > Flashcards

B-Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

Thiamin

A

first to be identified

Co-enzyme TPP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the functions of thiamin?

A
  • metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids (TPP)

- normal function of nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the thiamin deficiency?

A

Beriberi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dry Beriberi

A

symptoms related to nervous system and muscular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Wet beriberi

A

nervous system and cardiovascular system affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Infantile beriberi

A

breast milk contains insufficient thiamin

heart problems, convulsions, death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sources of thiamin

A

sunflower seeds
total cereal
ham
grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Riboflavin

A

bright yellow pigment

exposure to light causes rapid breakdown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What shouldn’t you package riboflavin in?

A

glass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Functions of riboflavin

A
  • 2 coenzymes (FMN, FAD)
  • helps form other b-vits
  • antioxidant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sources of riboflavin

A

beef liver
plain yogurt
cheerios

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Riboflavin deficiencies

A

ariboflavinosis
sore throat
scaly, oily skin
sensitive eyes, smooth, painful tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Riboflavin toxicities

A

yellow color to urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Choline

A
  • technically not vitamin

- found in cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Functions of choline

A
  • component of phospholipids
  • precursor for acetylcholine
  • helps export VLDL from liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Choline deficiency

A

muscle and liver damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Choline toxicity

A

only from supplementation

-fishy body odor, low blood pressure, vomiting, salivation, sweating, GI tract effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sources of choline

A

eggs
cod
chicken
cottage cheese

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Niacin

A
  • exists as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide

- both used to synthesize niacin coenzymes (NAD and NADP)

20
Q

Niacin functions

A
  • coenzymes participate in REDOX

- required for metabolism of all macros

21
Q

Niacin deficiency

A
  • pellagra

- symptoms include Dermatitis, Diarrhea, Dementia, death

22
Q

Niacin sources

A 
chicken
product 19
wheat bran
tuna
halibut
salmon
23
Q

Biotin

A

-coenzymes for carboxylase enzymes

24
Q

Biotin functions

A
  • metabolism of carbs, fats, and proteins
  • binds to proteins that help DNA fold in cell nucleus
  • maintains gene stability
25
Q

Biotin deficiency

A

rare

can happen with too much consumption of raw eggs

26
Q

Biotin can be made by what?

A

intestinal bacteria

27
Q

Biotin sources

A 
chicken liver
chicken nuggets
peanuts
salmon
wheat germ
28
Q

Folate

A
  • refers to various forms found naturally in foods

- folic acid refers to synthetic form (more bioavailable)

29
Q

Folate functions

A
  • tetrahydrofolic acid (THFA) needed for DNA synthesis, amino acid metabolism
  • formation of neurotransmitters
  • reduce colon cancer risks
30
Q

Folate deficiencies

A

macrocytic anemia
increased homocysteine in blood
neural tube defects

31
Q

Folate toxicities

A
  • masks B-12 deficiency symptoms

- nervous system damage

32
Q

Folate sources

A

anything with a leaf

seeds and nuts

33
Q

B-12

A

large
water-soluble
contains cobalt

34
Q

B-12 attached to…

A

proteins

cleaved off by intrinsic factor

35
Q

B-12 functions

A

CNS function
RBC formation
Folate activation

36
Q

B-12 deficiency

A

rare
pernicious anemia
CVD

37
Q

B-12 toxicities

A

none

38
Q

B-12 sources

A

animal foods

fortified plant foods

39
Q

Pantothenic acid functions

A
  • formation of acetyl-CoA
  • energy metabolism
  • forms acetyl-CoA carrier protein
  • cholesterol synthesis
  • steroid synthesis
  • drug detox
40
Q

Pantothenic acid sources

A

anything

41
Q

Iodine

A
  • content depends on soil
  • more than half found in thyroid gland
  • essential in thyroxine
42
Q

Iodine sources

A

iodized salts

43
Q

Iodine deficiency

A

-could be caused by goitrogens, which limits bioavailability

44
Q

Pyridoxal Phosphate functions

A
  • coenzyme in amino acid metabolism
  • transamination
  • neurotransmitter synthesis
  • heme synthesis
  • carb metabolism
  • hemocysteine levels
45
Q

B-6 deficiencies

A

-scaly dermatitis
-microcytic anemia
-nervous system problems
depression
confusion

46
Q

B-6 toxicity

A
  • depression,fatigue, irritability, headaches
  • nerve damage
  • convulsions
  • skin lesions
47
Q

B-6 sources

A

pinto beans
oatmeal
banana
pistachios

Human Nutrition (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions