B's

Question 1

block vertebra

Answer 1

A congenital defect caused by failure of one or more vertebral bodies to segment normally during development. Vertebrae appear fused, but each vertebral body maintains normal length.

Question 2

bone cyst

Answer 2

A cavity within bone, often filled with fluid.

Usually well-defined margins and may be septated.

Question 3

bone infarcts

Answer 3

Foci of necrosis caused by decreased blood supply to intramedullary bone; appear as multiple small areas of increased medullary opacity

Question 4

bone sclerosis

Answer 4

An increase in opacity of bone; eburnation is a type of bone sclerosis.

Question 5

bone spur

Answer 5

A well-defined bony projection. Term is used to describe osteophytes (occur along non-weight-bearing articular margins) and enthesophytes (occur at sites of attachment to bone, e.g., ligaments, tendons, joint capsules).

Question 6

border effacement

Answer 6

Occurs when two structures of same opacity are in contact and their individual margins are no longer distinguishable where they touch. The margin of a structure is only visible when it is adjacent to a different opacity (i.e., opacity interface). Other names: edge effacement, silhouette sign/effect.

Question 7

brachycephalic

Answer 7

Refers to the shape of a skull in which the nasal cavity is considerably shorter than the cranium.

Also, the cranium commonly is more dome shaped, frontal

sinuses tend to be small or absent, and the occipital protuberance often is small. Examples: English Bulldog, Pug

Question 8

bronchial cuffing

Answer 8

Thickening of the peribronchial interstitial tissues due to accumulation of fluid, cells, or fibrosis; a sign of a bronchial pulmonary pattern

Question 9

bronchial pulmonary pattern

Answer 9

A radiographic appearance in which bronchial walls are thickened and/or increased in opacity (latter includes mineralization of bronchial walls). Commonly caused by proliferation or infiltration of collagenous and cartilaginous tissues and associated mucous glands. May also result from accumulation of peribronchial interstitial fluid or cellular material. The size and shape of the bronchial lumen may be altered.

Question 10

bronchiectasis

Answer 10

Abnormal and permanent dilation of bronchi or bronchioles with loss of normal branching and tapering.

Question 11

bronchography

Answer 11

A radiographic contrast study of the major airways.

Question 12

buccal

Answer 12

On the side that faces the cheek; used to describe lesions associated with the mouth

Question 13

Bucky

Answer 13

A device that holds a grid within the x-ray table.

The Bucky (Potter-Bucky diaphragm) moves the grid rapidly

a secondary ossification center that contributes to the shape

of a bone but does not contribute to overall bone length.

Question 14

barium sulfate

Answer 14

A positive contrast medium with a high degree of opacity. Consists of a white crystalline powder, micro-pulverized and in suspension. Adheres well to suspending agents, enabling it to efficiently coat mucosal surfaces. Barium is not metabolized or absorbed.

Question 15

barium enema

Answer 15

A radiographic contrast study of the colon using barium sulfate.

Question 16

beak sign

Answer 16

Occurs when contrast medium fills only the entrance of the pyloric sphincter; commonly associated with pyloric stenosis.

Question 17

beam direction

Answer 17

Path of x-rays as they enter and exit a structure (e.g., dorsoventral, dorsopalmar; Figure 2.22).

Question 18

bezoar

Answer 18

A concretion of fibrous material commonly found in the stomach or intestine.