B-10 Emotion

Question 1

Lateral nucleus (LA)

Answer 1

A nucleus of the amygdala that receives sensory information from the neocortex, thalamus, and hippocampus and sends projections to the basal, accessory basal, and central nucleus of the amygdala.

Question 2

central nucleus (CE)

Answer 2

The region of the amygdala that receives information from the basal, lateral, and accessory basal nuclei and sends projections to a wide variety of regions in the brain; involved in emotional responses.

Question 3

Conditioned emotional response

Answer 3

A classically conditioned response that occurs when a neutral stimulus is followed by an aversive stimulus; usually includes autonomic, behavioral, and endocrine components such as changes in heart rate, freezing, and secretion of stress-related hormones.

Question 4

Ventromedial prefrontal cortex

Answer 4

The region of the prefrontal cortex at the base of the anterior frontal lobes, adjacent to the midline; plays an inhibitory role in the expression of emotions.

Question 5

Volitional facial paresis

Answer 5

Difficulty in moving the facial muscles voluntarily; caused by damage to the face region of the primary motor cortex or its subcortical connections.

Question 6

Emotional facial paresis

Answer 6

Lack of movement of facial muscles in response to emotions in people who have no difficulty moving these muscles voluntarily; caused by damage to the insular prefrontal cortex, subcortical white matter of the frontal lobe, or parts of the thalamus.

Question 7

James-Lange theory

Answer 7

A theory of emotion that suggests that behaviors and physiological responses are directly elicited by situations and that feelings of emotions are produced by feedback from these behaviors and responses.