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603 Anatomy > Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 components of the axial skeleton?

A
  1. Skull
  2. Vertebral Column
  3. Ribs
  4. Sternum
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2
Q

3 segments of the trunk

A
  1. Thorax
  2. Abdomen
  3. Pelvis
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3
Q

borders of the trunk

A

Dorsal = vertebral column, mm.
Ventral = sernumn and abdominal mm.
Cranial = thoracic inlet/1st rib
Caudal = pelvic outlet

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4
Q

5 Different Vertebrae

A
  1. Cervical
  2. Thoracic
  3. Lumbar
  4. Sacral
  5. Caudal
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5
Q

Main Functions of the Vertebral Column

A

posture, progression/locomotion, protection of the spinal cord

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6
Q

Number of thoracic veterbrae in:
Dog/Cat/Horse/Cow/Pig

A

Dog/Cat/Cow = 13
Horse = 18
Pig = 14-15

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7
Q

Number of lumbar veterbrae in:
Dog/Cat/Horse/Cow/Pig

A

Dog/Cat = 7
Horse/Cow = 6
Pig = 6-7

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8
Q

Number of sacral veterbrae in:
Dog/Cat/Horse/Cow/Pig

A

Dog/Cat = 3
Horse/Cow = 5
Pig = 4

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9
Q

Difference bewteen vertebral foramen and vertebral canal?

A

Foramen is through a single vertebra, canl is what all the vertebra together make

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10
Q

Hemilaminectomy

A

slice to access the spinal cord [in necropsy]

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11
Q

Two components of vertebral arch

A

Pedicle and Lamina

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12
Q

Two Components of the Intervertebral Disk

A
  1. Nucleus pulposus
  2. Anulus fibrosis
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13
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

jelly-filled space of the intervertebral disk

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14
Q

Anulus fibrosis

A

fibrous ring around the nucleus pulposus of the intervertebral disk

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15
Q

Atlas

A

the first cervical vertebrae

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16
Q

Atlantooccipital joint

A

where the atlas articulates with the skull

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17
Q

What two parts of the typical vertebrae does the atlas not have?

A

vertebral body and spinous process

18
Q

Fovea dentis

A

present in the ventral aspect of the vertebral foramen

19
Q

What is blue?

A

the alar notch of the atlas

20
Q

What is the alar notch of the atlas called in large animals?

A

alar foramen

21
Q

Axis

A

second cervical vertebra

22
Q

Which vertebrae is the longest?

A

axis (C2)

23
Q

dens

A

tooth-like projection on the cranial aspect of the axis

24
Q

atlantoaxial joint

A

atlas-axis articulation

25
Q

Where do spinal nerves exit the vertebrae?

A

intervertebral foramen

26
Q

Plural of foramen

A

Foramena

27
Q

Anticlinal vertebrae

A

a radiographic landmark where a thoracic vertebrae has no integration in the spinous process

Carnivores = T10 or 11
Bovine = T13
Equine = T16

28
Q

Costal fovea

A

located cranial and caudal where the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the ribs

29
Q

Are the sacrum individual vertebrae?

A

No, it’s a fusion of vertebral bodies

30
Q

Function of the Sacrum

A

to articulate with the pelvis between the ilia

31
Q

Parts of the Nuchal ligament

A

Funicular and Laminar

32
Q

Supraspinous ligament

A

runs over the spinous processes of te thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and merges with the tendons of epaxial muscles

33
Q

Poll evil

A

bursitis of the supraatlantal bursa

34
Q

Fistulous withers

A

bursitis of the supraspinous bursa

35
Q

Interspinous ligaments

A

the ligaments that are between the spinous processes

36
Q

Longitudinal ligaments

A

hold the vertebral bodies on the dorsal and ventral surfaces from the axis (C2) to the sacrum

37
Q

True vs. False Ribs

A

True ribs directly articulate with the sternum
False ribs form the costal arch and indirectly articulate with the sternum

38
Q

Costochondral junction

A

where the bony part meets the cartilagenous part of the rib

39
Q

3 parts of the Sternum

A
  1. Manubrium
  2. Sternabra
  3. Xiphoid process
40
Q

Where does the linea alba attach cranially?

A

xiphoid process

603 Anatomy (13 decks)

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