Fetal Circulation

Question 1

umbilical vein

Answer 1

oxygen and nurtient rich blood provided to the fetus

Question 2

umbilical artery

Answer 2

oxygen and nutrient depleted blood returned to placenta

Question 3

Number of Aortic Arches

Answer 3

6

Question 4

Which atrium is the remnant of the valve of the foramen ovale (aka septal scar)?

Answer 4

left

Question 5

Which atrium contains the fossa ovalis?

Answer 5

right

Question 6

Ductus venosus

Answer 6

vein that bypasses the blood from the liver directly into the caudal vena cava

Question 7

Ductus arteriosus

Answer 7

redirects blood to the descending aorta to avoid the high resistance to flow in the lungs

Question 8

What does the ductus arteriosus become in the adult? What triggers it?

Answer 8

Ligamentum arteriosum

increased oxygen tension

Question 9

What triggers the conversion in adult circulation?

Answer 9

various release of prostaglandins

Question 10

What do the umbilical arteries become in adult circulation?

Answer 10

round ligaments of the bladder

Question 11

What does the umbilical vein become in adult circulation?

Answer 11

round ligament of the liver

Question 12

What happens to ductus venosus in adult circulation?

Answer 12

Closes –> portal vein now responsible for perfusing liver

Question 13

Persistent aortic arch

Answer 13

5th aortic arch doesn’t regress and entraps the esophagus and trachea, which is kind of a problem

Question 14

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 14

1. Pulmonic stenosis
2. Displacement of aorta
3. Right ventricular hypertrophy
4. Ventricular septal defect

leads to cyanosis