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Pharmacology by THer > Autonomic Pharmacology > Flashcards

Autonomic Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Bradycardia
Decreased Heart Contractility

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

M2, Parasympathetic

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2
Q 
Miosis
Bronchial constriction
GIT wall contraction
GIT sphincter relaxation
Increased GIT Secretion (with M1)
Bladder wall contraction
Bladder sphincter relaxation
Uteral contraction
Erection

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

M3, Parasympathetic

Lahat ng nakakahiyang mangyari in public
Sikip sa mata, di makahinga
For digestion, urination, erection

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3
Q

No effect on skin, skeletal vessels, sweat glands, liver, fat cells and kidney

A

Parasympathetic nervous System

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4
Q

Smooth muscle contraction
(Mydriasis, vasoconstriction, GIT/bladder sphicter contraction, Uteral contraction, Ejaculation)
Sweating
Glycogenolysis (with Beta2)

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

Alpha1, Sympathetic

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5
Q

GIT wall relaxation (With Beta2)

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

Alpha2, Sympathetic

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6
Q

Tachycardia
Increased heart contractility
Increased renin

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

Beta1, Sympathetic

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7
Q

Smooth muscle relaxation
(Skeletal vasodilation, Bronchiodilation, GIT/bladder wall relaxation, Uteral relaxation)
Glycogenolysis (With Alpha1)

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

Beta2, Sympathetic

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8
Q

No effect on GIT secretion

A

Sympathetic Nervous System

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9
Q

Enzyme for synthesis of Ach from Acetyl CoA and Choline

A

Choline Acetyltransferase

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10
Q

Inhibitor of Ach synthesis

Inhibits Choline Acetyltransferase

A

Hemicholinium

Hear Very Brief Noise, AChooo

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11
Q

Inhibitor of Ach storage in vesicles

A

Vesamicol

Hear Very Brief Noise, AChooo

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12
Q

Inhibitor of Ach release into synaptic cleft

A

Botulinum toxin

Hear Very Brief Noise, AChooo

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13
Q

Inhibitor of Ach degradation/metabolism by acetylcholinesterase

Class? Drugs?

A

Indirect-acting cholinomimetics
(Neostigmine, Carbamates, Orgnophosphates)

Hear Very Brief Noise, AChooo

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14
Q

Degrades Ach into choline and acetate

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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15
Q

Drug for bowel and bladder atony

Drug, class

A

Betanechol, direct acting cholinomimetic

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16
Q

Drug that increases aqueous humor outflow and
increases salivation, acts on M3

Drug, class

A

Pilocarpine, direct acting cholinomimetic

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17
Q

Drug for glaucoma, sjogren syndrome, sicca syndrome
SE: miosis, BOV from cyclospasm

Drug, class

A

Pilocarpine, direct acting cholinomimetic

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18
Q

Triad of:
Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Sjogren Syndrome

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19
Q

Xerostomia (dry mouth)

Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)

A

Sicca Syndrome (milder Sjogren)

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20
Q

Drug for smoking cessation

Acts on Nicotinic receptors

A

Varenicline (Nicotine)

Direct Acting Cholinomimetic

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21
Q 
Toxicity of which receptor presents as:
CNS stimulation
Miosis (constriction), Cycloplegia (loss of accomodation)
Bronchoconstriction
Excessive GIT smooth muscle activity
Increased secretory activity
Vasodilation
A

Muscarinic

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22
Q 
Toxicity of which receptor presents as:
Fasciculations
Paralysis
Convulsions followed by CNS depression
Ganglionic stimulation
A

Nicotinic

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23
Q

MOA of indirect acting cholinomimetics

A

Bind to cholinesterase, inhibiting effects on Ach, causing increased Ach effects in sites of Ach release

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24
Q

Drug for Myasthenia Gravis diagnosis
Can differentiate Cholinergic from Myasthenic Crisis
Very short acting

A

Edrophonium

Indirect acting cholinomimetic

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25
Q

Tx for Myasthenia gravis
Reversal of nondepolarizing blockade
Muscarinic effects are blocked by Atropine

A

Neostigmine

Indirect acting cholinomimetic

26
Q

Indirect acting cholinomimetic used as tx for glaucoma

A

Physostigmine

27
Q

Which receptors are destroyed in Myasthenia gravis?

A

Nicotinic Ach receptors

28
Q

In Myasthenia Gravis:
Worsening of sx due to UNDER medication
Improved muscle strength with Edrophonium

A

Myasthenic crisis

29
Q

In Myasthenia Gravis:
Worsening of sx due to OVER medication
Weakens muscle strength with Edrophonium

A

Cholinergic crisis

30
Q

Drug for Alzheimer’s

A

Rivastigmine
Indirect acting cholinomimetic
(Donezepil, Galantamine, Tacrine)

31
Q

Signs and Sx of Organophosphate Poisoning

DUMBBELSS

A 
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bronchospasm
Bradycardia
Excitation
Lacrimation
Sweating
Salivation
32
Q

Prototype non-selective muscarinic blocker
Tertiary amide, readily crosses membrane barriers
Tx for Organophosphate poisoning
SE: Tachycardia, Mydriasis, Cycloplegia, Skin flushing, delirium, hallucinations

A

Atropine
Muscarinic Antagonist
(Homatropine, Cyclopentolate, Tropicamide)

33
Q

Antidote for Organophosphate poisoning

A

Atropine

Adjunct: Pralidoxime - to regenerate AchE
Give within 6-8 hours

34
Q

Muscarinic Antagonist
Restores neurotransmitter balance in the basal ganglia
Drug for Parkinson’s
Reduces tremors>bradykinesia/rigidity

A

Benztropine
Biperiden
Trihexyphenidyl

TRI to PARK a BENZ, BIP(beep) here

35
Q

Drug for asthma
Prevents vagal-stimulated bronchoconstriction
Most common side effect is dry mouth
Preferred in pxs with COPD and heart disease

A

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Muscarinic Antagonist

Decreased tachycardia and arrhythmia

36
Q

Muscarinic antagonist
Drug given as transdermal patch for motion sickness
Antagonizes histamine and serotonin

A

Scopolamine

37
Q 
HOT as a hare
DRY as a bone
RED as a beet
BLIND as a bat
MAD as a hatter
A 
Atropine Toxicity
Hyperthermia
Decreased secretions
Cutaneous vasodilation (flush)
Blurred vision
CNS toxicity
38
Q

Muscarinic Blockers are contraindicated in:

A

Infants: cannot thermoregulate
Hyperthermia: decreased sweating
Acute angle closure glaucoma
BPH

39
Q

Competitive nicotinic antagonist
First successful agents for hypertension but obsolete
SE: postural hypotension

A

Hexamethonium

Trimethapan

40
Q

Depolarizing neuromuscular blocker

A

Succinylcholine

Naka-DEPOsit sa toilet = SUCCess
Depolarizing = Succinylcholine

41
Q

Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular blocker

A

Tubocurarine
Pancuronium
Atracurium
Vecuronium

“CURa/i/o”

42
Q

Primary neurotransmitter at post ganglionic sympathetic synapses

A

Norepinephrine

43
Q

Dopa/NE on renal BV:
VasoDILATES:
VasoCONSTRICTS:

A

Dopa

NE

44
Q

Inhibits NE synthesis by hydroxylation of tyrosine by Tyrosine Hydroxylase

A

Metyrosine

45
Q

Inhibits NE storage in vesicles

A

Reserpine

46
Q

Inhibits NE release

A

Guanethidine

47
Q

Promotes NE release

A

Amphetamines

Tyramine

48
Q

Inhibits diffusion and reuptake of NE in the synaptic cleft

A

Cocaine

TCAs

49
Q

Inhibits metabolism of NE by MAO and COMT

A

MAOIs and COMT inhibitors

50
Q

2nd messenger of Alpha 1

A

IP3, DAG (increase)

51
Q

2nd messenger of Alpha 2

A

cAMP (decrease)

52
Q

2nd messenger of Beta 1, 2, and 3

A

cAMP (increase)

53
Q

2nd messenger of Dopa 1

A

cAMP (increase)

54
Q

Piloerection

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Alpha 1

55
Q

Platelet aggregation
Inh lipolysis
Inh insulin release

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Alpha 2

56
Q 
Relaxes airway
Stim glycogenolysis
Stim insulin release
Causes tremors
Also stimulates rate and force of heart

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Beta2 (Lungs)

You have 1 heart, 2 lungs

57
Q

Stim rate and force of heart
Stim JG cells to release renin

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Beta 1 (heart)

You have 1 heart, 2 lungs

58
Q

Stimulates lipolysis

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Beta 3

59
Q

Dilates renal and other splanchnic vessels

Adrenoreceptor?

A

Dopa 1

60
Q

Inhibits adenylyl cyclase in nerve terminals (2nd messenger)

A

Dopa 2

61
Q

Increase in GIT secretion (with M3)

Receptor, Para/Sympathetic

A

M1, Parasympathetic

Pharmacology by THer (31 decks)

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