Anti-Seizure Flashcards
Anti-seizure drugs that act on GABA alone
Diazepam Clonazepam Felbamate Vigabatrin Tiagabine
DI ma-CLOse ang Fly, VIG TIAn
Blocks voltage gated Na channels
Drug for GTC seizures, partial seizures DOC
SE: diplopia (dose-related), gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, teratogen
CYP450 inducer
Zero Order Kinetics at high doses
Extensively protein bound
Phenytoin, Anticonvulsant (hydantoin)
LAHAT NG MAY -YDANTOIN
Blocks voltage gated Na channels and decreases glutamine release
Drug for GTC seizures, partial seizures DOC, trigrminal neuralgia
SE: diplopia (most severe idiosyncratic), ataxia (dose-related), blood dyscrasia, erythematous rash (most common idiosyncratic)
CYP450 inducer
Zero Order Kinetics at high doses
Extensively protein bound
Carbamazepine, Anticonvulsant (tricyclic)
Blocks high frequency firing of neurons modifies amino acid metabolism
Drug for GTC seizures, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, DOC migraine, acute mania
SE: hepatotoxicity (in infants), teratogen (spina bifida), GI distress (most common)
CYP450 inhibitor
Valproic Acid, Anticonvulsant (branched chain FA)
Sodium Valproate
Increases duration of chloride channel opening
Long acting drug for seizure disorders (pedia), status epilepticus, hyperbilirubinemias (Gilbert’s Syndrome)
SE: higher likelihood of dependence than benzodiazepines, acute intermittent porphyria
Additive CNS depression with alcohol
Potent inducer of CYP450
Safe for pregnant
Drug, Class
Phenobarbital
Primidone
Barbiturates
Decreases Ca2+ currents, T-type in thalamus
DOC for pure absence seizures
SE: GI distress
Drug, Class
Ethosuximide, anticonvulsant (cyclic ureide)
Increases frequency of chloride channel opening
DOC for Status epilepticus
SE: anterograde amnesia, unwanted daytime sedation
Additive CNS depression with alcohol
Drug?
Diazepam, anticonvulsant (barbiturate)
Increases frequency of chloride channel opening
Highly sedating for absence seizures
SE: anterograde amnesia, unwanted daytime sedation
Additive CNS depression with alcohol
Drug, Class
Clonazepam, anticonvulsant (benzodiazepine)
Blocks Ca2+ channels n-type
Drug for neuropathic pain (postherpetic neuralgia), Migraine
SE: dizziness, sedation, ataxia, nystagmus, tremor
Drug, Class
Gabapentin, Anticonvulsant (GABA derivative)
Pregabalin
Blocks Na and Ca channels, decreases glutamate
Drug for Bipolar disorder
SE: SJS
Drug, Class
Lamotrigine, Anticonvulsant (Phenyltriazine)
Selectively binds SV2A, modifies synaptic release of glutamate and GABA
Adjunct drug for GTC/Partial seizures, Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy
Not metabolized by Cytochrome P450
Levetiracetam, Anticonvulsant (piracetam)
Anticonvulsant with most number of MOA
Topiramate, Anticonvulsant (monosaccharide derivative)
Drug for Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, GTC, Absence, Partial seizures, migraine prophylaxis
SE: psychomotor slowing, memory impairment, weightliss, acute myopia, glaucoma, urolithiasis
Topiramate, Anticonvulsant (monosaccharide derivative)
Drugs for GTC
Valproic Acid
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Drugs for Partial Seizures
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
Phenytoin
