Alcohol Flashcards
Responsible for ethanol metabolism at blood levels higher than 100mg/dl
Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS)
Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
Disulfiram
Metronidazole
Oral hypoglycemics
Cephalosporin
Blood Alcohol Concentration?
Impaired Driving Ability
60-80 mg/dl
Blood Alcohol Concentration?
Emesis, Stupor
200-300 mg/dl
Blood Alcohol Concentration?
Coma
300-400 mg/dl
Blood Alcohol Concentration?
Death
> 500 mg/dl
Ataxia
Confusion
Ophthalmoplegia
Disease?
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
weird ACO!
Tx for Wernicke Syndrome
Vitamin B1
Brain changes in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
Bilateral hemorrhagic necrosis of mamillary bodies
How much alcohol is modest consumption, raising HDL levels and protecting against CAD?
10-15 g/day
Hallucinations
Autonomic Disability - unstable vital signsz
Delirium
48-72 hours post discontinuation
Delirium Tremens
Tx for Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
DOC is long acting benzodiazepine
Diazepam, Chlordiazepoxide
Short acting benzodiazepine is preferred in pxs with compromized liver fxn
Drugs for Alcoholism
Naltrexone: Opioid receptor antagonists (cravings)
Acamprosate: NMDA receptor antagonist
Disulfiram: inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
Drugs with Disulfiram Reactions:
CHLOe PErsonally MAkes TEa PROduct METiculously
CHLOrpropamide CefoPERazone CefoMAndole CefoTEtan PROcarbazine METronidazole
Drug that causes visual dysfunction, from commercial solvents, wood alcohol, windshield cleaners
Methanol
Tx for Methanol poisoning
Ethanol: competitive inhibitor of methanol
Fomepizole: inhibitor of Alc Dehydrogenase
Drug that causes renal damages and severe acidosis from industrial exposure
Damage is from accumulation of oxalic acid
Ethylene Glycol
Tx for Ethylene Glycol
Ethanol: competes for oxidation by Alc dehydrogenase
Fomepizole: slows or prevents formation of oxalic acid
Benzodiazepines
Midazolam
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Barbiturates
Thipental
Pentobarbital
Phenobarbital
At higher doses, alcohol exhibits __________ order kinetics
Zero
