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Green 2019 > Austria > Flashcards

Austria Flashcards

1
Q

What scandal rocked the Austrian wine scene in 1985?

A

Diethylene glycol. A winemaker listed it as a business expense on taxes. Exposed illegal and harmful additives winemakers were using.

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2
Q

Name the 4 weinbaugebiete of Austria.

A

Niederösterreich, Wien, Burgenland, Styria

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3
Q

Qualitätswein accounts for about how much of Austria’s production?

A

2/3rds

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4
Q

What is Austria’s northernmost wine growing region?

A

Weinviertel

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5
Q

What factors contribute to the long growing season in the Danube climate area? How does this affect the grapes?

A

A combination of latitude, altitude, and the influence of warm Pannonian air from the southeast creates big diurnal shifts. The result is a long growing season (harvests in November!) and high physiological ripeness. (Freshness of aromas, full development of phenolic compounds)

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6
Q

True/False? The Pannonian area is north of Vienna.

A

False.

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7
Q

Describe the climate of Bergland.

A

Continental/Atlantic. Favors early-ripening varieties - Chardonnay, Müller Thurgau, Frühroter Veltliner

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8
Q

A red and white banderole on the capsule indicates what quality level?

A

Qualitätswein

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9
Q

The soils of the Kamptal are largely part of what geological zone?

A

Molasse Zone

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10
Q

What kind of soils characterize the Molasse Zone

A

Marine sediments from the Paratethys Sea (ancient shallow ocean), confluence of Kamp, Traisen, and Danube rivers.

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11
Q

What is the most prevalent type of unconsolidated rock in Kremstal?

A

Calcareous loess (calcium-rich wind blown sediments)

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12
Q

Describe the soils of the Wachau.

A

Old, consolidated crystalline rock, usually topped with a thin layer of loess. Gravelly sediments near the river.

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13
Q

Where are the highest elevation vineyards found in Austria?

A

Leithaberg.

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14
Q

Describe Leitha Limestone.

A

Calcareous, consolidated rock rich in marine fossils. Formed from warm, shallow sea that once surrounded Leitha Mountains.

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15
Q

What is Flysch, and where is it most prominently found?

A

A quartz-rich sandstone with marl and clay layers. It’s found in the Wien weinbaugebiete.

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16
Q

How many white grape varieties are authorized for producing wine in Austria?

A

22

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17
Q

How many red grape varieties are authorized for producing wine in Austria?

A

13

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18
Q

What is the parentage of Blauer Zweigelt?

A

St. Laurent and Blaufränkisch

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19
Q

Blauburger is the offspring of what two grapes?

A

Blaufränkisch and Blauer Portugieser

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20
Q

What does KMW stand for?

A

Klosterneuburg Mostwaage - the ripeness scale used in Austria, measured in degrees

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21
Q

According to the KMW scale, 1 degree represents what sugar/must weight ratio?

A

1 gram of sugar per 100 grams of must

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22
Q

How does the KMW correlate to the Öschle scale?

A

1 degree KMW is roughly 5 degrees Öschle

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23
Q

What is the minimum KMW for Spätlese wines?

A

19 degrees

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24
Q

What is the minimum KMW for Auslese wines?

A

21 degrees

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25
Q

What is Strohwein, and what is the minimum KMW required?

A

A wine made from grapes that have been air-dried on straw mats, reeds, or lines for a minimum of 3 months; 25 degrees KMW

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26
Q

True/False: Kabinett does not qualify as a Prädikatswein in Austria.

A

True. It does however qualify as Qualitätswein

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27
Q

What requirements must be met for wines labelled as Kabinett?

A

17 degrees KMW, no chaptalization, no Sußreserve

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28
Q

What is the minimum KMW for regional DAC wines?

A

15 degrees

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29
Q

Austrian “Landwein” can come from what 3 large geographical areas?

A

Weinland (Niederösterreich, Wien, Burgenland)
Bergland (Oberösterreich, Salzburg, Kärnten, Tirol, Vorarlberg)
Steierland (Steiermark)

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30
Q

What is the “amtliche prüfnummer,” and what does it signify?

A

It is the State Control Number, abbreviated oftentimes as AP. Its certifies that the wine has passed official sensory and analytic tests

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31
Q

How many DAC regions are there in Austria?

A

9

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32
Q

Name the DACs of Austria from north to south.

A

Weinviertel, Kamptal, Kremstal, Traisental, Wiener Gemischter Satz, Neusiedlersee, Leithaberg, Mittelburgenland, Eisenberg

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33
Q

Both Grüner Veltliner and Riesling are accepted varietals for what 3 DAC regions?

A

Kamptal, Kremstal, Traisental

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34
Q

Blaufränkisch is the only permitted varietal for what two DAC regions?

A

Mittelburgenland, Eisenberg

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35
Q

What is the only permitted varietal for Neusiedlersee DAC wines?

A

Zweigelt

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36
Q

What is the minimum number of different white varieties required for a wine labelled Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC?

A

3

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37
Q

True/False: The most prominent variety in Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC wines may not account for more than 50% of the blend.

A

True

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38
Q

True/False: The third most prevalent variety in Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC wines may not account for more than 10% of the blend.

A

False. It must represent a minimum 10% of the blend.

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39
Q

Name the 3 levels/categories of Sekt “Austrian Qualitätsschaumwein”

A

Klassik, Reserve, Große Reserve

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40
Q

Sekt “Klassik” wines must be aged on lees for how long?

A

Minimum 9 months

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41
Q

Sekt “Reserve” wines must be aged on lees for how long?

A

Minimum 18 months

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42
Q

Sekt “Große Reserve” wines must be aged on lees for how long?

A

Minimum 30 months

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43
Q

What is the maximum residual sugar/level of dosage for Sekt Reserve and Große Reserve?

A

12 grams per liter, Brut

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44
Q

In the Wachau, what is the minimum KMW for Federspiel, and to what Qualitätswein designation does it correlate?

A

17 degrees KMW, Kabinett

45
Q

In the Wachau, what is the minimum KMW for Smaragd, and to what Pradikat designation does it correlate?

A

19 degrees KMW, Spätlese

46
Q

What is the maximum ABV for Steinfeder wine?

47
Q

What is the permitted ABV range for Federspiel wines?

A

11.5%-12.5%

48
Q

What is the minimum ABV for Smaragd wines?

49
Q

What is the objective of the Österreichische Traditionsweingüter?

A

To classify the top vineyard sides in the Danube region.

50
Q

What is Vinea Wachau?

A

An organization of over 200 producers in the Wachau that agree to a specific code of wine production. They may not: chaptalize, use additives, fractionation, or any method of concentration, and all fruit must be sourced from within the Wachau.

51
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar for sweet wines in Austria?

A

45 grams per liter

52
Q

Wines labelled “lieblich” may have no higher than how many grams per liter of residual sugar?

53
Q

Ausbruch is made in the same style as what other famous sweet wine?

A

Tokaji; rich, botrytis-affected must is added to less concentrated must

54
Q

The term “Ausbruch” can only be applied to wines from what village? All other wines in this style carry what designation?

A

Rust; Trockenbeernauslese

55
Q

What is the maximum RS allowed for Trocken wines in Austria?

A

9 grams per liter, so long as the TA is not less than 2 grams per liter lower

56
Q

What is the maximum RS allowed for Halbtrocken wines in Austria?

A

18 grams per liter, so long as the TA is not less than 10 grams per liter lower

57
Q

Spitz, Weißenkirchen, Unterloiben, and Mautern are all villages in what region?

58
Q

Name two major vineyards in Weißenkirchen.

A

Achleiten, Hinter der Burg, Klaus, Hinter Seiber, Steinriegl

59
Q

What is arguably the most important vineyard in Mautern?

A

Silberbichl

60
Q

The Singerriedel and Offenberg vineyards are found in what village?

61
Q

The Klostersatz, Steinertal, Kreutles, and Loibenberg vineyards are found in the area around what two villages?

A

Unterloiben and Oberloiben

62
Q

Name four producers in the Wachau, each based in a different village.

A 
Hirtzberger - Spitz an der Donau
Prager - Weißenkirchen
Emmerich Knoll - Unterloiben
F.X. Pichler - Oberloiben
Nikolaihof - Mautern
63
Q

The Silberbichl vineyard is shared between what two webinbaugebiete?

A

Wachau, Kremstal

64
Q

The Silberbichl vineyard is part of what village in Kremstal?

65
Q

Who produces “M” and “Unendlich”?

A

F.X. Pichler

66
Q

The Hochrain and Kollmütz vineyards are located nearest what village?

A

Wösendorf

67
Q

Name a winery and well known vineyard from Palt in Kremstal.

A

Malat; Steinbühel

68
Q

Name two famous vineyards in Zöbing.

A

Gaisberg, Kogelberg, Heiligenstein

69
Q

What saint graces the labels of Emmerich Knoll’s wines?

A

Saint Urban, the patron of winemakers and vineyards

70
Q

True/False: Knoll encourages malolactic fermentation.

A

False. It is purposefully blocked.

71
Q

True/False: Loibenberg is one of the warmest sites in the Wachau.

A

True, because of the southern exposure and granite/gneiss soils

72
Q

Who is the winemaker for Knoll?

A

Emmerich Knoll III

73
Q

Who is the winemaker for Prager?

A

Toni (Anton) Bodenstein

74
Q

How does Prager carry out fermentation for their wines?

A

Native yeasts in temperature controlled tanks. The grapes are de-stemmed and macerated with skins for up to 15 hours

75
Q

Who is currently in control of F.X. Pichler?

A

Lucas Pichler, son of Franz Xaver Pichler

76
Q

In what village of the Wachau is F.X. Pichler located?

A

Oberloiben

77
Q

Which is the dominant production of F.X. Pichler: Smaragd or Federspiel?

A

Smaragd (80%), Federspiel accounts for 20% of production

78
Q

What was the first vintage for F.X. Pichler’s “M”?

79
Q

What was the first vintage for “Unendlich”?

80
Q

What was the first Austrian winery to be certified biodynamic by Demeter? In what year?

A

Nikolaihof, 1998

81
Q

What varietal is Pichler’s “M”?

A

Grüner Veltliner

82
Q

What varietal is Pichler’s “Unendlich”?

83
Q

Nikolaihof is based in what village?

84
Q

Mautern is located on the northern / southern banks of the Danube.

85
Q

What size casks are used for Nikolaihof’s Vinothek label?

A

3,000 liter

86
Q

Who is the winemaker Nikolaihof?

A

Nikolaus Klaus

87
Q

Hirtzberger is located in what village in the Wachau?

A

Spitz an der Donau

88
Q

Is Spitz an der Donau located on the east or west end of the Wachau?

A

Western end

89
Q

Name 3 important vineyards in Spitz an der Donau.

A

Axpoint, Singerriedel, Offenberg, Setzberg, Bruck, Rotes Tor

90
Q

Weingut Nigl is located in what region of the Niederösterreich?

91
Q

True/False: Nigl only uses estate-grown fruit.

A

False. Nigl uses both estate and purchased fruit. The purchased fruit is used for entry level bottlings

92
Q

Nigl’s Grüner Veltliner Piri comes from vines in what vineyard?

A

Senftenberger Piri; best grapes from old vines at the top of the slope

93
Q

What’s unique about Weingut Stadt Krems?

A

It’s owned by a municipality, not a private entity

94
Q

Weinguts Schloss Gobelsburg, Bründlmayer, and Hiedler are all located in what region of the Niederösterreich?

95
Q

Who is the winemaker for Schloss Gobelsburg?

A

Michael Moosbrugger

96
Q

With whom did Moosbrugger study winemaking?

A

Willi Bründlmayer

97
Q

What winemaker is known for transporting wine through the winery via barrel instead of mechanical pumps?

A

Schloss Gobelsburg

98
Q

What are some characteristics of Gobelsburg’s “Tradition” bottlings?

A

Native yeast fermentation, no temperature control, 2,500 liter (25 hl) Manhartsberg oak casks

99
Q

In what village is Bründlmayer located?

A

Langenlois

100
Q

What soils characterize Zöbinger Heiligenstein?

101
Q

Where is Langenlois in relation to Vienna?

A

70km to the northwest

102
Q

What is the minimum amount of time that Bründlmayer’s sparkling wines spend on lees? What level does that correspond to for Sekt Austrian Qualitätsschaumwein?

A

18 months; Reserve

103
Q

Spätrot is a synonym for what white grape?

A

Zierfandler

104
Q

In what region would you find Spätrot-Rotgipfler?

A

Thermenregion

105
Q

Spätrot-Rotgipfler is a blended from what two grapes?

A

Zierfandler

Rotgipfler

106
Q

What grape is used to produce Schilcher?

A

Blauer Wildbacher

107
Q

In what region is Schilcher produced?

A

Weststeiermark

108
Q

Give two synonyms for Blaufränkisch.

A

Lemberger

Kékfrankos

109
Q

Which is the only DAC for both red and white wines? What grapes are permitted?

A

Leithaberg

Blaufränkisch, Weißburgunder, Chardonnay, Grüner Veltliner, Neuberger

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