Australia 2

Question 1

When did vines arrive in Australia?

Answer 1

Vines arrived with the First Fleet of British prisoners in 1788.

Question 2

What major event in the 1850s spurred the growth of viticulture in Australia?

Answer 2

The arrival of free settlers spurred by the promise of gold.

Question 3

By what year had over 6000 liters of wine been exported to Britain?

Answer 3

By 1854.

Question 4

What were the two major Australian wine brands launched during the early period?

Answer 4

• Penfolds
• Lindemans

Question 5

What caused the domestic demand for wine to fall in Australia?

Answer 5

Depletion of gold deposits and restrictive state trade barriers.

Question 6

What pest caused significant damage to the Victorian wine industry in the late 1800s?

Answer 6

Phylloxera.

Question 7

What major change occurred in 1901 that benefited the Australian wine industry?

Answer 7

The creation of the Commonwealth of Australia relaxed interstate trade barriers.

Question 8

What percentage of Australia’s grapes does South Australia produce annually?

Answer 8

50%.

Question 9

What type of wine dominated Australian production from the post-phylloxera period until the 1960s?

Answer 9

Sweet, fortified wines.

Question 10

What key grape varieties became prominent in Australian wine production by the mid-1990s?

Answer 10

• Chardonnay
• Shiraz (Syrah)
• Cabernet Sauvignon

Question 11

What innovative wine packaging technology did Australians develop?

Answer 11

Bag-in-the-box technology.

Question 12

What is the role of the Australian Wine Research Institute?

Answer 12

Contributes to scientific understanding of grapes and winemaking.

Question 13

What is the significance of mechanical harvesting in Australian viticulture?

Answer 13

It is essential due to the lack of cheap labor and is often done at night.

Question 14

What technique developed by CSIRO restricts vigor in low-cost vineyards?

Answer 14

Minimal (zero) pruning.

Question 15

What is the major irrigation challenge faced by Australian vintners?

Answer 15

Managing high-saline soils.

Question 16

What is the blending philosophy in Australian winemaking?

Answer 16

Blending over vast tracts of land to regulate quality and brand consistency.

Question 17

What iconic Australian wine was introduced by Max Schubert in 1951?

Answer 17

Penfolds Grange.

Question 18

What trend in Australian wine emerged during the 1990s and 2000s?

Answer 18

Cultivation of old vines, some over 150 years old.

Question 19

What major natural disaster in 2009 affected Australian vineyards?

Answer 19

Brush fires wreaked havoc on vineyards.

Question 20

What is Wine Australia’s role in the Australian wine industry?

Answer 20

Regulates labeling, geographical boundaries, exports, and promotes wine.

Question 21

What are the requirements of the Label Integrity Program introduced by Wine Australia?

Answer 21

Wines labeled by variety, vintage, or region must contain a minimum 85% of the stated components.

Question 22

How are wine regions in Australia defined by Wine Australia?

Answer 22

As Geographical Indications (GIs) based on geographic scope.

Question 23

In which Australian state are the first vineyards planted?

Answer 23

New South Wales.

Question 24

What percentage of Australia’s wine production comes from New South Wales?

Answer 24

Approximately one-quarter.

Question 25

What is the significance of the Riverina region in New South Wales?

Answer 25

It represents Australian industrial viticulture at its most efficient.

Question 26

What is the primary white grape of the Hunter Valley region?

Answer 26

Semillon.

Question 27

What climate condition affects the Hunter Valley's wine production?

Answer 27

High amounts of humidity, rain, and wind.

Question 28

What notable wine-producing region is located to the southwest of Canberra?

Answer 28

Tumbarumba GI.

Question 29

What is Victoria's status in terms of wine production in Australia?

Answer 29

It is one of Australia’s most diverse and vibrant wine-producing areas.

Question 30

What climatic condition influences the Port Phillip zone surrounding Melbourne?

Answer 30

Cool maritime climate.

Question 31

What type of climate does the Yarra Valley have?

Answer 31

Cool maritime climate.

Question 32

What is the climate characteristic of the Yarra Valley?

Answer 32

Winter average temperatures lower than Bordeaux or Burgundy ## Footnote The Yarra Valley is known for its depth, distinction, and style in Pinot Noir wines.

Question 33

Which major French Champagne house established a presence in the Yarra Valley and when?

Answer 33

Moët & Chandon established Domaine Chandon in 1987 ## Footnote This reflects the region's potential for high-quality wine production.

Question 34

What two distinct soil types are found in the Yarra Valley?

Answer 34

* Gray-brown sandy loam * Red basalt-derived soils

Question 35

What is the primary grape variety produced in the Mornington Peninsula?

Answer 35

Pinot Noir ## Footnote Other varieties include Pinot Gris and Chardonnay.

Question 36

What characterizes the climate in North West Victoria?

Answer 36

More continental climate with a large diurnal temperature shift

Question 37

Which two GI regions are shared between Victoria and New South Wales?

Answer 37

* Murray Darling * Swan Hill

Question 38

What pest caused significant issues for many wineries in Victoria?

Answer 38

Phylloxera

Question 39

What sweet fortified wine is produced in Rutherglen?

Answer 39

Brown Muscat ## Footnote Known for its richness, sweetness, and rancio character.

Question 40

What is the classification system developed by the Muscat of Rutherglen Network?

Answer 40

A voluntary four-tier classification system based on age, sweetness, and complexity

Question 41

How many zones is South Australia divided into?

Answer 41

Eight zones

Question 42

What is considered Australia's best Cabernet Sauvignon region?

Answer 42

Coonawarra

Question 43

What is a notable feature of Coonawarra's soil?

Answer 43

Terra rossa topsoil

Question 44

Which grape varieties dominate the Padthaway GI?

Answer 44

* Chardonnay * Riesling * Pinot Grigio * Cabernet Sauvignon

Question 45

What is the primary climate type in the Fleurieu zone?

Answer 45

Mediterranean climate

Question 46

Which grape varieties are predominantly produced in McLaren Vale?

Answer 46

* Cabernet Sauvignon * Grenache * Shiraz * Mourvèdre (Mataro)

Question 47

What is the notable wine produced by Penfolds in Barossa Valley?

Answer 47

Grange

Question 48

What grape variety is most commonly associated with Margaret River?

Answer 48

Cabernet Sauvignon

Question 49

What is the climate of Tasmania's Northern region similar to?

Answer 49

Champagne or Rheingau

Question 50

What is Tasmania's most planted grape variety?

Answer 50

Pinot Noir

Question 51

Fill in the blank: The inland Barossa zone is Australia's most important region for premium _______.

Answer 51

Shiraz

Question 52

True or False: Queensland is a major grape-growing state in Australia.

Answer 52

False

Question 53

What is the significance of the Darling Downs region in Queensland?

Answer 53

It seems poised to become the state’s third GI in the future

Question 54

What is the climate type of Granite Belt?

Answer 54

Continental climate with plentiful summer rain

Question 55

What is the primary white grape variety grown in Tasmania?

Answer 55

Chardonnay ## Footnote Riesling is also popular, but Pinot Noir is the most planted.