Atypical pneumonia

Question 1

define atypical pneumonia

Answer 1

refers to p caused by an atypical pathogen

Question 2

trait of an atypical pathogen

Answer 2

very difficult to culture with traditional techniques

Question 3

an atypical pneumonia which is a common cause of Community outbreaks

Answer 3

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 4

is a virus an atypical pneumonia

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

legionella pneumophilia: what does it cause?

Answer 5

legionnaires disease

Question 6

legionella pneumophilia gram stain and shape

Answer 6

gram negative rod

Question 7

legionella pneumophilia forms a commensal relationship with?

Answer 7

amoeba

Question 8

source of legionella pneumophilia

Answer 8

fresh water

Question 9

human made sources of legionella pneumophilia

Answer 9

air conditioning
showers
fountains

Question 10

TF legionella pneumophilia Is an extracellular pathogen

Answer 10

false- its intracellular

Question 11

where is legionella pneumophilia found in nature

Answer 11

replicating within amoeba

Question 12

how does amoeba help legionella pneumophilia

Answer 12

helps with environmental stress

Question 13

can legionella pneumophilia form a biofilm?

Answer 13

yes

Question 14

TF legionella pneumophilia spreads by human to human transmission?

Answer 14

FALSE this is very rare

Question 15

how is legionella pneumophilia transmitted?

Answer 15

inhalation of aerosols which are contaminated

Question 16

what cells do legionella pneumophilia replicate in ?

Answer 16

macrophages- this is why theyre clever

Question 17

difference between virulent and avirulent legionella pneumophilia

Answer 17

avirulent: gets broken down by the macrophages like normal
virulent: recruits organelles and uses them as sources for replication

Question 18

which pathogen is responsible for the most severe form of atypical pneumonia

Answer 18

legionella pneumophilia

Question 19

legionella pneumophilia incubation period?

Answer 19

2 days

Question 20

symptoms throughout v infection

Answer 20

2 days: flu like 
then: 
fever
confusion 
non productive cough 
AKF

Question 21

mortality with legionella pneumophilia

Answer 21

variable

up to 24%

Question 22

mortality from legionella pneumophilia is most common in the ______. which gender?

Answer 22

elderly

male

Question 23

which atypical pathogen is the smallest?

Answer 23

mycoplasma pneumoniae

Question 24

size of mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 24

1-2um

Question 25

structure of mycoplasma pneumoniae outer membrane?

Answer 25

triple membrane structure

Question 26

TF mycoplasma pneumoniae has a cell wall

Answer 26

false

Question 27

why do you see mycoplasma pneumoniae more related to humans than in nature?

Answer 27

no cell wall to protect from osmotic pressure so its more related to humans than nature

Question 28

why does mycoplasma pneumoniae need to scavenge from the host

Answer 28

has limited biosynthetic capability

Question 29

clinical presentation of mycoplasma pneumoniae

Answer 29

insidious onset- sore throat and malaise dry cough paroxysmal cough radiographic changes

Question 30

mycoplasma pneumoniae produces uni or bilateral pneumonia?

Answer 30

bilateral

Question 31

what causes the paroxysmal cough in mycoplasma pneumoniae? what does this lead to

Answer 31

toxin production leads to community acquired respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS)

Question 32

what does CARDS cause?

Answer 32

* Surface binding via phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin * Cessation of cilia movement- needed to help protect against MOs * Cellular vacuolation

Question 33

first line treatment for atypical pneumonia in a non pregnant adult? 3 examples please

Answer 33

macrolide: clarithromycin azithromycin erythromycin

Question 34

why are macrocodes used in atypical pneumonia?

Answer 34

broad spectrum

Question 35

3rd and 4th line treatment in non pregnant adult?

Answer 35

tetracycline (doxycycline) | fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin)

Question 36

first line treatment in pregnant or child individual

Answer 36

macrolides again

Question 37

can doxycycline or a fluoroquinolone be used in pregnancy or a child

Answer 37

yes but with caution

Question 38

why must doxycycline be used in cautioning pregnancy or a child?

Answer 38

discolouration of developing teeth | fetal skeleton development and bone growth

Question 39

why must fluoroquinolone be used in caution in pregnancy and a child?

Answer 39

adverse effects on joints and tendons

Question 40

why aren't beta lactase used for atypical pneumonia?

Answer 40

target cell wall so would be useless against mycoplasma