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Microbiology > Atypical pneumonia > Flashcards

Atypical pneumonia Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

define atypical pneumonia

A

refers to p caused by an atypical pathogen

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2
Q

trait of an atypical pathogen

A

very difficult to culture with traditional techniques

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3
Q

an atypical pneumonia which is a common cause of Community outbreaks

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

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4
Q

is a virus an atypical pneumonia

A

yes

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5
Q

legionella pneumophilia: what does it cause?

A

legionnaires disease

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6
Q

legionella pneumophilia gram stain and shape

A

gram negative rod

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7
Q

legionella pneumophilia forms a commensal relationship with?

A

amoeba

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8
Q

source of legionella pneumophilia

A

fresh water

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9
Q

human made sources of legionella pneumophilia

A

air conditioning
showers
fountains

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10
Q

TF legionella pneumophilia Is an extracellular pathogen

A

false- its intracellular

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11
Q

where is legionella pneumophilia found in nature

A

replicating within amoeba

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12
Q

how does amoeba help legionella pneumophilia

A

helps with environmental stress

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13
Q

can legionella pneumophilia form a biofilm?

A

yes

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14
Q

TF legionella pneumophilia spreads by human to human transmission?

A

FALSE this is very rare

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15
Q

how is legionella pneumophilia transmitted?

A

inhalation of aerosols which are contaminated

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16
Q

what cells do legionella pneumophilia replicate in ?

A

macrophages- this is why theyre clever

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17
Q

difference between virulent and avirulent legionella pneumophilia

A

avirulent: gets broken down by the macrophages like normal
virulent: recruits organelles and uses them as sources for replication

18
Q

which pathogen is responsible for the most severe form of atypical pneumonia

A

legionella pneumophilia

19
Q

legionella pneumophilia incubation period?

A

2 days

20
Q

symptoms throughout v infection

A 
2 days: flu like 
then: 
fever
confusion 
non productive cough 
AKF
21
Q

mortality with legionella pneumophilia

A

variable

up to 24%

22
Q

mortality from legionella pneumophilia is most common in the ______. which gender?

A

elderly

male

23
Q

which atypical pathogen is the smallest?

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

24
Q

size of mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

1-2um

25
Q

structure of mycoplasma pneumoniae outer membrane?

A

triple membrane structure

26
Q

TF mycoplasma pneumoniae has a cell wall

A

false

27
Q

why do you see mycoplasma pneumoniae more related to humans than in nature?

A

no cell wall to protect from osmotic pressure so its more related to humans than nature

28
Q

why does mycoplasma pneumoniae need to scavenge from the host

A

has limited biosynthetic capability

29
Q

clinical presentation of mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

insidious onset- sore throat and malaise

dry cough
paroxysmal cough
radiographic changes

30
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae produces uni or bilateral pneumonia?

A

bilateral

31
Q

what causes the paroxysmal cough in mycoplasma pneumoniae? what does this lead to

A

toxin production leads to community acquired respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS)

32
Q

what does CARDS cause?

A
  • Surface binding via phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin
  • Cessation of cilia movement- needed to help protect against MOs
  • Cellular vacuolation
33
Q

first line treatment for atypical pneumonia in a non pregnant adult? 3 examples please

A

macrolide:
clarithromycin
azithromycin
erythromycin

34
Q

why are macrocodes used in atypical pneumonia?

A

broad spectrum

35
Q

3rd and 4th line treatment in non pregnant adult?

A

tetracycline (doxycycline)

fluoroquinolone (levofloxacin)

36
Q

first line treatment in pregnant or child individual

A

macrolides again

37
Q

can doxycycline or a fluoroquinolone be used in pregnancy or a child

A

yes but with caution

38
Q

why must doxycycline be used in cautioning pregnancy or a child?

A

discolouration of developing teeth

fetal skeleton development and bone growth

39
Q

why must fluoroquinolone be used in caution in pregnancy and a child?

A

adverse effects on joints and tendons

40
Q

why aren’t beta lactase used for atypical pneumonia?

A

target cell wall so would be useless against mycoplasma

Microbiology (19 decks)

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