Attribution Flashcards
Attribution
Perceived reason for an outcome of event/performance
Why we lost or won
The locus or causality (weiners model)
Internal attribute - within control of performer (effort)
External attribute - outside performers control (referee)
The stability dimension
Unstable attribute - can change in short amount of Time (luck)
Stable attribute - unlikely to change in short amount of time - quality of team
Factors that affect attribution
Refs decision Your ability Luck Coaching received Effort applied Good Team your playing
Self serving bias
Using external and/or unstable reasons for losing
A coach should … when loosing
Blame ref or weather (external unstable)
Praise effort and reward ability
Promotes self esteem to feel responsible for positive results
To maintain motivation from loss…
Don’t attribute loss to internal stable factors/attributes
Learned helplessness
Using internal stable reasons for loosing
Performer feels inevitable for failure
Lack of motivation and effort
Global/general learned helplessness
General sporting situations e.g. not being good at racket sports
Specific/situational learned helplessness
Specific sporting situations e.g not good at serving to win a match
Strategies to avoid learned helplessness
Develop self confidence/esteem Attribution retraining Blame external causes Goal settings Allow early success 1 to 1 attention
Attribute retraining
Changing reasons given for failure of success
Focus on positive attribution rather than negative
Shift focus from internal to external factors
Promotes self esteem/increase confidence
Set goals
Highlight previous successful performances
How to retrain attributes ?
Allow early success Motivate Explain early failure Blame external reasons for failure Stress personal improvement to improve self esteem Attribute success internally
