Attraction and Intimacy Flashcards

1
Q

6 ways intimate relationships enrich our lives

A

1) Positive health outcomes
2) Social support
3) Capitalization
4) “Michelangelo Effect”
5) Goal pursuit
6) Self-expansion

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2
Q

Capitalization

A

We take greater joy in a positive outcome when we can share it with close others

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3
Q

“Michaelangelo Effect”

A

We become more like our partner’s idealized view of ourselves

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4
Q

What factors influence our choice of close friends and partners?

A

1) Proximity
2) Physical attraction
3) Perceived similarity

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5
Q

Physically attractive people are more likely to…

A

Marry or remarry
Achieve good grades
Attain prestigious occupations
Get lighter sentences for crimes

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6
Q

“Halo effect”

A

Those who are physically attractive are seen as being more moral, kind, and smart

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7
Q

Why are attractive people seen as being more socially skilled?

A

History of positive social interactions

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8
Q

Why is baby-facedness seen as attractive among women? (evolutionary perspective)

A

Youth signifies fertility

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9
Q

Why is facial symmetry seen as attractive? (evolutionary perspective)

A

Linked to fertility because asymmetrical faces and bodies can be due to toxins in fetal development

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10
Q

Why is clear complexion and fair skin seen as attractive? (evolutionary perspective)

A

Clear skin signifies health which in turn signifies fertility

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11
Q

In 1871 Darwin wrote of an explore in Africa…

A

“Their ideas of beauty are on the whole the same as ours”

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12
Q

One difference among cultures is…

A

what the “beauty bias” means - what physical attractiveness is associated with

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13
Q

In independent cultures those who are perceived as physically attractive are seen as….

A

strong and independent

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14
Q

In interdependent cultures those who are perceived as physically attractive are seen as…

A

honest and modest

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15
Q

What is seen as beautiful is _____ across cultures, the stereotypes associated with beauty ____ among cultures.

A

similar, differs

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16
Q

“Romantic Red”

A

The colour red will lead men to view women as more attractive and sexually desirable

17
Q

The “Romantic Red Effect” is NOT shown when…

A

The dependent measures are likability, intelligence, or kindness

18
Q

What is the mechanism underlying the “Romantic Red Effect” for women?

A

Sexual receptivity - more open to sexual activity

19
Q

What is the mechanism underlying the “Romantic Red Effect” for men?

A

Status - higher status = higher attractiveness

20
Q

Research indicates that similarity ______ attraction and opposites ____ attract

A

increases, do not

21
Q

Traditional social commodity theory

A

There is a difference in what men and women value and find attractive.

Men’s commodities: wealth & status

Women’s commodities: attractiveness

22
Q

Traditional social commodity theory is based on ______ theory

A

evolutionary

23
Q

Attachment theory

A

Predicts many aspects of relationship function

24
Q

Strange situation: three main attachment types

A

1) Secure
2) Anxious/ ambivalent
3) Anxious/ avoidant

25
Attachment orientations are less likely to affect... More likely to affect...
our everyday behaviour us in times of stress and conflict
26
Researchers measure attachment within romantic relationships on two dimensions:
Anxiety and avoidance
27
High anxiety
Over dependence on partner for comfort and support. Fear rejection
28
High avoidance
Low trust, maintain distance, avoid negative emotional states
29
Why can attachment anxiety become a type of self-fulfilling prophecy?
Worry about rejection leads them to engage in bad behaviours than can result in rejection
30
Can attachment orientations change? (yes or no)
yes
31
Small gender difference on attachment orientations
Females scored higher in attachment anxiety and males scored higher in attachment avoidance
32
Commitment is also known as an ______
"internal pledge"
33
Commitment is more _____ than love and satisfaction. Therefore a better predictor of relationship longevity.
stable
34
Investment model
Commitment is predicted by satisfaction level, quality of alternatives and investment size. Commitment then predicts to stay vs leave
35
Satisfaction is determined by:
- Rewards (positive things) - Costs (negative things) - Comparison levels (is your relationship meeting your expectations of a relationship?)
36
Commitment is determined by:
- Satisfaction - Alternatives - Investments