Attitudes: Formation & Change Flashcards
Aus welchen drei Teilen besteht das Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure?
- Affect
- Behavior
- Cognition
Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure
Erkläre Affekt
feelings/emotions aroused in response to attitude object
Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure
Erkläre Behavior
past, present, future interaction with attitude object
Tripartite Model of Attitude Structure
Erkläre Cognition
knowledge & believes about attitude object
Attitude Structure
Evaluative Summary:
- Preference for ____
- Higher weight of ____ component
- Higher weight of ____ information
- Determined by current ____ & ____
Evaluative Summary:
- Preference for consistency
- Higher weight of affective component
- Higher weight of negative information
- Determined by current accessibility & salience
Explain the one- and two. dimensional view on Attitude structure
Attitude Structure
Explain the File Drawer Model
Attitude Functions
Name the two Mastery Functions
- Knowledge / appraisal function
- Instrumental / utilitarian function
Attitude Functions
Name the five Self-Esteem & Connectedness Functions
Attitude Functions: Mastery
Erkläre die Knowledge / appraisal function
know what to (dis-)like, expect, what to look out for
Attitude Formation
Zajonc, 1968
: Desto öfter die Zeichen gezeigt wurden, desto eher gefielen sie den Menschen
Wieso?
- Processing fluence (ease of processing misattributed to liking)
- Familiarity (signals no negativity)
Attitude Structure: Matery
Erkläre das Temporary Construction Model
Name five indicators of attitude strength
- Extremity
- Certainty
- (lack of) Ambivalence
- Accessibility
- Personal relevance / importance
What does attitude strength affect?
- Stability (over time, across situations)
- Resistant to persuasion attempts
- Influential on information processing (attention)
- Influential on behavior
Attitude Functions: Mastery
Erkläre die Instrumental / utilitarian function
Know how to behave: organize approach and avoidance behavior in order to reach own goals
Attitude Functions: Self-Esteem & Connectedness
Erkläre die Self definition & value-expression Funktion
attitudes as part of the self-concept
Attitude Functions: Self-Esteem & Connectedness
Erkläre die Self-Esteem Funktion
Attitudes that create / maintain positive self view
Attitude Functions: Self-Esteem & Connectedness
Erkläre die Ego-Defense Funktion
attitudes that serve to protect self-esteem
Attitude Functions: Self-Esteem & Connectedness
Erkläre die Social identity Funktion
belong to others who share attitude
Attitude Functions: Self-Esteem & Connectedness
Erkläre die Impression management Funktion
express desirable attitude to gain/maintain desired outcomes
Attitude Formation
What did Zajonc, 1968
found with Mere Exposure?
Desto öfter die Zeichen gezeigt wurden, desto eher gefielen sie den Menschen
Explain the Information Processing Model (McGuire, 1969/1985)
- Attention to message content
- Comprehension of message content
- Yielding (evaluate quality and strength of message)
- Retention (store attitude)
- Behavior (act on attitude)
Explain the Cognitive Response Model (Greenwald, 1968)
- Self-generated thoughts triggered by message
- message quality as central part: weak vs. strong arguments
- Persuasion = discussion with self => ELABORATION
Describe the Elaboration Likelihood Model from Petty & Cacioppo (1986)