Attentional blindness

Question 1

Change Blindness

Answer 1

Inability to notice changes that would be perfectly obvious once attention is directed to them

• Important to have blank interval (otherwise i’d capture your attention)
• Mudsplashes work to
• Slow change blindness (gradual change)

Question 2

Unattended stimulus

Answer 2

No longer available at the output (response) level, but the information is not necessarily lost immediately

Early vs late selection
- Where is it lost
- What level of processing in visual hierarchy
- In what pathway does selection occur

Question 3

Early selection

Answer 3

Registration, perceptual analysis and semanic encoding/analysis

Question 4

Late selection

Answer 4

Between semantic encoding and response (executive functions and decisions, memory etc)

Question 5

V4 attention effects

Answer 5

Arise as soon as visual evoked neural response starts. Attention effect is immediately visible.

From temporal perspective, attention arises early
The baseline effect starts at 180 ms after attending to that RF

Question 6

Level in the hierarchy

Answer 6

Early experiments showed no effects in V1, only in V4, but with fMRI experimentes showed attention effects can be found in V1

Depends on type of stimuli used, and spatial resolution required

(easier in V4 cells, bc RF is so large)

Question 7

Which pathway

Answer 7

Initially thought only ventral stream (sensory, V4), but also occurs in dorsal stream (MT)

Question 8

Inattentional blindness

Answer 8

Inability to memorize and report ssalient stimuli (such as gorillas) when attention is diverted to some other task-relevant stimulus

Question 9

Attentional blink

Answer 9

Inability to memorize and report a stimulus (T2) that is presented briefly after (up to 500 ms) a stimulus (T1) that has to be reported

Don’t notice the second bc attention ‘blinks’