ATTACHMENT- types of attachment Flashcards
strange situation- how was procedure carried out (3)
-controlled observation to measure security of baby’s attachment towards CG
-psychologists observe behaviour through a 2 way mirror
-each behaviour observed are 3 mins each
strange situation- what behaviours were used to judge attachment
PRESS BEHAVIOURS
-proximity-seeking
-exploration+secure-base behaviour
-stranger anxiety
-separation anxiety
-response to reunion
strange situation- what are the 7 stages of the procedure
1.baby encouraged to explore (E)
2.stranger enters room+approaches baby (S)
3.CG leaves baby+stranger together (S+S)
4.CG returns, stranger leaves (R)
5.CG leaves baby alone (S)
6.stranger returns (S)
7.CG returns to baby (R)
strange situation- findings- what are the 3 main attachment types identified (4 points for each)
secure attachment (type B)
-60-75% UK babies
-moderate stranger+separation anxiety
-explore happily, regularly go back to CG
-require+accept comfort from CG in reunion
insecure-avoidant (type A)
-20-25% UK babies
-no stranger+separation anxiety
-explore happily, dont seek proximity or show secure-base behaviour
-make little effort to make contact when CG returns, may avoid contact
insecure-resistant (type C)
-3% UK babies
-high strange+separation anxiety
-explore less, seek greater proximity
-high stranger+separation anxiety
-resist comfort from CG in reunion
cultural variations- ijzendoorn and kroonenberg procedure (2)
-studied proportions of attachment types across a range of countries to assess cultural variations
-located 32 strange situation studies which were done in 8 different countries and data was meta-analysed
cultural variations- ijzendoorn and kroonenberg general findings (2)
-secure attachment was most common in all countries
-wide variation in proportions of attachment types in different studies
cultural variations- ijzendoorn and kroonenberg findings in different cultures (3)
-collectivist cultures had above 25% insecure-resistant
-individualistic cultures had same rate of insecure-resistant as ainsworth’s sample (<14%)
-variations between results in same country were 150% greater than between countries eg. US found 46% secure in one sample and 90% secure in a different sample
