ATTACHMENT- romanian orphan studies

Question 1

what is institutionalisation (3)

Answer 1

-living for a long period of time outside the family home(orphanages, children’s’ homes)
-little emotional care provided
-child adopts norms of the institution which can impair functioning and lead to loss of identity (deindivduation)

Question 2

rutter
aim of study+type of study

Answer 2

-longitudinal study
-aimed to see what extent recovery was possible when extremely depriving conditions are followed by good conditions in later childhood

Question 3

rutter
procedure (3)

Answer 3

-165 romanian orphans adopted in UK
-control group= 52 british children adopted before 6 months old+havent been institutionalised
-assessed with parent reports+observations at 4, 6, 11, 15 years old

Question 4

rutter
findings for romanian orphans who were adopted before 6 months old

Answer 4

-caught up with adopted british children (physical growth+cognition) by 4 years old

Question 5

rutter
findings for romanian orphans adopted after 6 months old

Answer 5

effects of institutionalisation: cognitive impairment, disinhibited attachment, quasi autism

Question 6

rutter
what is cognitive impairment as an effect of institutionalisation + give 3 findings

Answer 6

-delayed intellectual development- low IQ
-adopted before 6 months= IQ 102
-adopted between 6 months- 2 years= IQ 86
-adopted after 2 years= IQ 77

Question 7

rutter
what is disinhibited attachment as an effect of institutionalisation (3)

Answer 7

-child has no fear of unfamiliar adults- may actively approach them (no stranger anxiety)
-due to having multiple CGs in orphanages
-couldnt form 1 secure attachment to 1 CG

Question 8

rutter
what is quasi autism as an effect of institutionalisation

Answer 8

children have symptoms of autism

Question 9

rutter
conclusion (2)

Answer 9

-effects of institutional deprivation arent permanent
-damaging effects can be reversed with supportive, caring adoptive family

Question 10

Zeanah et al
what did he do

Answer 10

-conducted the bucharest early invention project

Question 11

zeanah et al
procedure (4)

Answer 11

-assessed attachment in 95 romanian orphans (12-31 months )who spent most of their lives in institutions
-control group= 50 children who never lived in an institution
-assessed attachment type using strange situation
-carers asked about unusual social behaviour (clingy, attention seeking to all adults) to measure disinhibited attachment

Question 12

zeanah et al
findings (4)

Answer 12

-74% control group= secure attachment
-19% romanian orphans= secure attachment
-44% romanian orphans= disinhibited attachment
-20% control group= disinhibited attachment