atomical terms

Question 1

why do we use atomical terms

Answer 1

for precise use of language to define position, direction and location in the body

Question 2

explain the anatomical position

Answer 2

The subject stands upright:

• Facing the observer.
• Head level and eyes facing forward.
• Feet are flat on the floor and directed forward.
• Arms are at the sides with the palms turned forward

Question 3

what are directional terms and give some examples

Answer 3

they describe the position of one body part to another

ex:
Superior – towards the head or upper part of a structure.

Inferior – towards the feet, or lower part of a structure.

Anterior/ventral – nearer to or at the front of the body. eg, eyes nose mouth

Posterior/dorsal – nearer to or at the back of the body.

Medial – nearer to the midline or midsagittal plane. such as spine

Lateral – farther from the body midline or midsagittal plane. such as shoulders

Proximal – nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk; nearer to the point of origin. such as shoulders being proximal to the wrists

Distal – farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk; far from the point of origin. such as the wrists being distal to the shoulder

Superficial – toward or on the body surface. such as a less harmful cut or burn that isnt deep. or such as organs in the body closer or further from surface

Deep – away from the surface of the body.

Question 4

what are body planes/ sections and give ex

Answer 4

Imaginary flat surfaces that pass through the body parts

Sagittal plane – vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides.

Midsagittal plane runs through the midline.

Parasagittal plane divides the body or organ into unequal right and left sides.

Frontal or coronal plane divides the body or organ into anterior and posterior portions

Transverse plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions.

Question 5

what are body cavities and give some ex

Answer 5

Spaces within the body that contain, protect, separate and support internal organs.

Cranial cavity – formed by the cranial (skull) bones – contains the brain.

Vertebral (spinal) canal – formed from the bones of the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord.

Thoracic cavity is the chest cavity which contains the heart, lungs associated blood vessels and respiratory organs.

Abdominopelvic cavity extends from the diaphragm to the groin.

Question 6

name the 9 abdominopelvic regions

Answer 6

epigastric
right hypochondriac
left hypochondriac
umbilical
right lumbar
left lumbar
hypogastric
right iliac
left iliac

Question 7

name the 4 abdominopelvic quadrants

Answer 7

right upper quadrant (RUQ)

left upper quadrant (LUQ)

right lower quadrant (RLQ)

left lower quadrant (LLQ)