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Health Assessment Lecture > Assessment of the Respiratory System > Flashcards

Assessment of the Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

5 most common abnormal breath sounds

A

Wheezing
Rhonchi (Course Crackles)
Rales
Stridor
Pleural Rub

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2
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- caused by airway obstruction
- occur during asthma
- occur during COPD
- occur during interstitial lung disease
- occur during infections
- occur during pulmonary embolism
- occur during aspiration

A

Wheezing

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3
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- continuous high pitched sound
- whistling sound
- worse on expiration

A

Wheezing

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4
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- caused by
COPD
Bronchitis
Bronchiectasis
Pneumonia
Chronic Bronchitis
Cystic Fibrosis

A

Rhonchi or Course Crackles

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5
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- makes low pitched bubbling or rattling sound during inspiration and expiration
- occur in the bronchi

A

Rhonchi or Course Crackles

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6
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- caused by
Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Atelectasis
- occur in alveoli

A

Rales or Fine Crackles

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7
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- Brief discontinuous popping or cracking sound
- sounds like fire crackling, hair between fingers, and cellophane being crumpled

A

Rales or Fine Crackles

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8
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- caused by
upper airway narrowing

Obstruction of airway like
Epiglottis, Pertussis, Aspiration, Croup

A

Stridor

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9
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- loud high pitched whistling or crowing sound
- occurs usually on inspiration

A

Stridor

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10
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- caused by
inflammation in the pleura
Pleural Effusions
Empyema
Hemothorax

A

Pleural Rub

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11
Q

identify which of the 5 most common abnormal breath sounds is being described
- symmetrical continuous leather creaking localized sound
- Does not change location when a person’s cough

A

Pleural Rub

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12
Q

Where does do they insert needle for tension pneumothorax?

A

2nd ICS

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13
Q

Where do they insert a chest tube

A

4th ICS

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14
Q

large air collection in the pleural space compromises respiration and cardiac function

A

tension pneumothorax

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15
Q

most important examination technique for assessing air flow through the tracheobronchial tree

A

Auscultation

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16
Q

3 Voice sounds

A

Bronchophony
egophony
Whisper Pectoriloquy

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17
Q

Identify which of the 3 breath sounds is being described
- ask the client to repeat the letter “E”
- present when e sound changes to A sound

A

Egophony

18
Q

Identify which of the 3 breath sounds is being described
- ask the client to repeat the phrase “ninety-nine”
- loud voice heard clearly

A

Bronchophony

19
Q

Identify which of the 3 breath sounds is being described
- ask the client to whisper the phrase “one-two-three” or “ninety-nine”
- present when whispered sounds are loud and clear

A

Whispered Pectoriloquy

20
Q

Characteristics of Percussion sounds: Flat

A

Intensity: Soft
Pitch: High
Duration: Short
Example Location: Thigh

21
Q

Characteristics of Percussion sounds: Dull

A

Intensity: Medium
Pitch: Medium
Duration: Medium
Example Location: Liver

22
Q

Characteristics of Percussion sounds: Resonant

A

Intensity: Loud
Pitch: Low
Duration: Long
Example Location: Healthy Lung

23
Q

Characteristics of Percussion sounds: Hyper resonant

A

Intensity: Very Loud
Pitch: Lower
Duration: Longer
Example Location: Usually None

24
Q

Characteristics of Percussion sounds: Tympanic

A

Intensity: Loud
Pitch: High
Duration: Longer
Example Location: Gastric Air bubble or puffed out cheek

25
Q

ratio of anteroposterior diameter to transverse diameter

A

1:2

26
Q

What to note when inspecting

A

Tracheal deviation

Chest wall deformities

Kyphosis – curvature of the spine (anterior/posterior)

Scoliosis – curvature of the spine (lateral)

Barrel Chest – increased anterior/posterior chest wall

Pectus excavatum

Pectus carinatum

27
Q

Signs of Respiratory Distress

A

Tachypneic (>25/bpm)

Cyanosis (hypoxia) or pallor (heart failure)

Pursed-lip breathing

Accessory muscle use

Diaphragmatic paradox

Intercostal indrawing

Emphysema Dominant

Bronchitis Dominant

Paradoxical Breathing

28
Q

Accessory muscles of ventilation

A
  1. scalene
  2. sternocleidomastoid
  3. pectoralis major
  4. trapezius
  5. external intercostals.
29
Q

Characteristics of Breath Sounds

A

Vesicular
Broncho Vesicular
Bronchial
Tracheal

30
Q

Identify Characteristics of Breath Sounds
- inspiratory sound longer than expiratory
- Intensity: soft
- Pitch Low
- Location: over most lungs

A

Vesicular

31
Q

Identify Characteristics of Breath Sounds
- Inspiratory and Expiratory almost equal
- Intensity: Intermediate
- Pitch: Intermediate
- Location: 1st and 2nd ICS

A

Broncho Vesicular

32
Q

Identify Characteristics of Breath Sounds
- expiratory lasts longer than inspiratory
- Intensity: Loud
- Pitch: High
- Location: over manubrium

A

Bronchial

33
Q

Identify Characteristics of Breath Sounds
- inspiratory and expiratory sounds almost equal
- Intensity: Very Loud
- Location: over trachea in the neck

A

tracheal

34
Q

Continuous Adventitious Breath sounds

A

Wheezing
Rhonchi
Stridor

35
Q

Identify Continuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- high pitched with snoring quality

A

Wheezing

36
Q

Identify Continuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- Low pitched with snoring quality

A

Rhonchi

37
Q

Identify Continuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- continuous high-frequency high pitch musical sound
- best heard over neck during inspiration
- caused by airway obstruction

A

Stridor

38
Q

Discontinuous Adventitious Breath sounds

A

Fine Crackles
Coarse Crackles
Pleural Rub

39
Q

Identify Discontinuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- soft high pitched sound
- very breif

A

Fine Crackles

40
Q

Identify Discontinuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- loud low pitched sound

A

Coarse Crackles

41
Q

Identify Discontinuous Adventitious Breath sounds
- low frequency grating sound
- results from inflammation and roughening of visceral pleura

A

Pleural Rub

Health Assessment Lecture (17 decks)

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