Assessment of Breast and Axillary Lymph Nodes Flashcards
Identify the Component of the Breast being Described
- has fibrous bands
- provide structural support
- attached to the chest wall masculature
Coopers Ligament (Fibrous Tissue)
Identify the Component of the Breast being Described
- containing alveoli that produce milk
Lobes
Identify the Component of the Breast being Described
- trasnport milk to the nipple
Lactiferous Ducts
Most common route for the spread of breast cancer cells
Lymphatic System
Health History: Breast Cancer_Signs and Symptoms
- Lump, thickening or swelling of breast
- unusual change in the size or shape of the breast
- one breast is unusually lower than the other
- puckering/dimpling of the skin of the breast
- retraction of the nipple
- a sore in the nipple
Health History: Breast Cancer_Risk Factors
- Family History
- Unhealthy diet
- obesity
- woman’s age above 30
- during first pregnancy or those who never had children
- smoking and drinking
When should premenopausal women be examined?
examination should occur 5 to 7 days after the menstrual cycle ends, or 3 to 5 days before
When should postmenopausal women do BSE or Breast Self Examination
should be performed on the same day each month
Methods on examining the patient’s Breasts
- Sitting, arms to the side
- Sitting, Arms over the head
- Sitting, hands on the hips
- Sitting, Leaning Forward
- Supine, with pillow under the shoulder of the breast being examined
- Sitting, pushing hands together
Inspection of the breasts
- Inspect the skin
should be smooth, undimpled, and the same color as the rest of the skin
Inspection of the breasts
- Check for edema
- lymphatic obstruction
- may signal cancer
Inspection of the breasts
- Note breast size and symmetry
Asymmetry may occur normally in some adult women,with the left breast usually larger than the right
Inspection of the breasts
- Inspect for the presence of dimpling or retraction
sign of a serious form of cancer
Inspection of the breasts
- Inspect for nipple
(+) inverted, dimpled, or creased →ask when she first noticed the abnormality.
How to palpate the breast
✓ lie in a supine position
✓ place a small pillow under her shoulder on the side you’re examining
✓ put her hand behind her head
* This spreads the breast evenly across the chest and makes finding nodules easier.
* If her breasts are small,she can leave her arm at her side.
✓ Use your three middle fingers to palpate the breast systematically.
✓ Rotating your fingers gently against the chest wall, move in concentric circles applying light, medium, and deeper pressure at each examining point.
* Make sure you include the tail of Spence and the subareolar area in your examination