Assessing Cardiovascular

Question 1

defined as the succession of
coordinated events taking place in the heart during each beat.

Answer 1

Cardiac Cycle

Question 2

Each heart beat consists of two parts

Answer 2

SYSTOLE (Ventricular contraction)
DIASTOLE (Ventricular relaxation)

Question 3

volume of blood pumped
out of the heart during each Systolic Cardiac contraction.

Answer 3

Stroke Volume

Question 4

speed of heartbeat measured by the number of contractions (beats) of heart per minute (bpm).

Answer 4

Heart Rate

Question 5

the amount of blood the heart pumps (SV) through the circulatory system in a minute (HR).

Answer 5

Cardiac Output

Question 6

How to calculate for cardiac output

Answer 6

Stroke Volume x Heart Rate = Cardiac
Output

Question 7

Blood flow in Heart

Answer 7

1. Superior vena Cava or Inferior Vena Cava
2. Right Atrium
3. Triscupid Valve
4. Right Ventricle
5. Pulmonary Valve
6. Pulmonary Artery
7. Lungs
8. Pulmonary Vein
9. Left Atrium
10. Mitral Valve
11. Left Ventricle
12. Aortic Valve
13. Aorta

Question 8

Identify the Four (4) Heart Sounds
▪ Marks the beginning of systole (end of diastole)
▪ It resembles to spoken word “Lub”
▪ Loudest at the apex and lower left sternal border

Answer 8

First heart sound: S1

Question 9

Identify the Four (4) Heart Sounds
▪ Marks the end of systole (beginning of diastole
▪ It resembles to spoken word “Dub”
▪ Loudest at the base

Answer 9

Second heart sound: S2

Question 10

Identify the Four (4) Heart Sounds
▪ Heard in early diastole
▪ This may be a normal sound in some people but in people with heart conditions may indicate heart failure.

Answer 10

Third heart sound: S3

Question 11

Identify the Four (4) Heart Sounds
▪ Low-intensity sound heard just before S1 in the cardiac cycle
▪ The sudden slowing of blood flow by the
ventricle as the atrium contracts causes this sound.
▪ May be a sign of heart disease.

Answer 11

Fourth heart sound: S4

Question 12

How to tell JVP from Carotid Pulse: P.O.L.I.C.E

Answer 12

Palpation
Occlusion
Location
Inspiration
Contour
Erection and Position

Question 13

What is considered elevated pressure

Answer 13

• measurements above 3 to 4 cm
• (may indicate
  right-sided heart failure)

Question 14

What to note when Palpating the carotid artery?

Answer 14

(assessing rate, rhythm,
amplitude, contour, symmetry, elasticity)

Question 15

• (a blowing or swishing sound)
• created by
  turbulence of blood flow due either to a
  narrowed arterial lumen

Answer 15

bruit

Question 16

• vibrating sensation like the purring of a cat or water running through a hose.

Answer 16

Thrill

Question 17

Locations for Auscultating
the precordium: Always Pray to Mary

Answer 17

✓ Apex
✓ Mitral
✓ Tricuspid
✓ Erb’s point
✓ Base
✓ Murmurs

Question 18

4 tests to assess peripheral-
vascular flow

Answer 18

❑ Allen test
❑ Ankle-brachial index
❑ Manual compression test
❑ Trendelenburg test

Question 19

Identify the test for assessing peripheral vascular flow
- first-line standard test used to
assess the arterial blood supply of the hand.
- performed whenever intravascular
access to the radial artery is planned or for selecting patients for radial artery harvesting, such as for coronary artery bypass grafting or for forearm flap elevation.

Answer 19

Allens Test

Question 20

Identify the test for assessing peripheral vascular flow
- simple test that compares the blood pressure in the upper and lower limbs.
- calculated by dividing the blood pressure in an artery of the ankle by the blood pressure in an artery of the arm.

Answer 20

ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX (ABI)

Question 21

Identify the test for assessing peripheral vascular flow
- performing manual compression to assess competence of venous valves in clients with varicose veins.

Answer 21

MANUAL COMPRESSION TEST

Question 22

Identify the test for assessing peripheral vascular flow
- useful procedure for detecting hip-joint dysfunction.

Answer 22

TRENDELENBURG SIGN

Question 23

Positive Signs for Trendelenburg sign

Answer 23

• patient is unable to maintain the pelvis horizontal to the floor while standing first on one foot and then on the other foot.
• indicates weakness in the hip abductor muscles: gluteus medius and gluteus
  minimus