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NCM_101 | Health Assessment > Assessment of the Heart, Neck, and Peripheral Vascular System > Flashcards

Assessment of the Heart, Neck, and Peripheral Vascular System Flashcards

1
Q

The focus on the Heart

A

Structure and Function

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2
Q

The hollow, muscular, four-chambered organ located in the middle of the thoracic cavity

A

Heart

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3
Q

Characteristics of the Heart

A

About the size of a clenched fist
Weighs approximately 255g in women and 310g in men
Extends vertically from the second to the left fifth intercostal space and horizontally from the right edge of the sternum to the left midclavicular line
An inverted cone
Fundamental organ of the Cardiovascular System

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4
Q

Space of the Heart

A

Mediastinum

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5
Q

Upper portion, near the left second intercostal space

A

Base

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6
Q

Lower portion, near the left fifth intercostal space

A

Apex

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7
Q

Anterior chest area overlying the Heart

A

Precordium

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8
Q

Pumps blood to the Lungs

A

Right Side of the Heart

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9
Q

Removes CO2 between the alveoli and blood of the Lungs

A

Pulmonary Circulation

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10
Q

Pumps blood to all other parts of the body

A

Left Side of the Heart

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11
Q

Renders blood between everything

A

Systemic Circulation

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12
Q

Flow of blood to tissues and organs promoting the diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide

A

Perfusion

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13
Q

Carries deoxygenated blood away from the Heart

A

Great Vessels

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14
Q

Returns deoxygenated blood to the Right Atrium

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

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15
Q

Carries oxygenated blood to the Lungs

A

Pulmonary Artery

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16
Q

Returns oxygenated blood to the Lungs

A

Pulmonary Veins

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17
Q

Transports oxygenated blood from the Left Ventricle to the rest of the body

A

Aorta

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18
Q

Four Chambers of the Heart

A

Right Atrium
Right Ventricle
Left Atrium
Left Ventricle

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19
Q

Partition between the right and left side of the Heart

A

Septum

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20
Q

Two Septums of the Heart

A

Interatrial Septum
Interventricular Septum

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21
Q

Receives blood

A

Thin-Walled Atrium

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22
Q

Pumps blood

A

Thick-Walled Ventricles

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23
Q

Entrance to the Ventricles

A

Atrioventricular Valves

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24
Q

Two Atrioventricular Valves

A

Tricuspid Valve
Bicuspid Valve / Mitral Valve

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25
Q

Three flaps of the Heart

A

Tricuspid Valve

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26
Q

Two flaps of the Heart

A

Bicuspid Valve / Mitral Valve

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27
Q

Exit of each Ventricles

A

Semilunar Valves

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28
Q

Two Semilunar Valves

A

Pulmonic Valve
Aortic Valve

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29
Q

Blood exits the Right Ventricle

A

Pulmonic Valve

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30
Q

Blood exits the Left Ventricle

A

Aortic Valve

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31
Q

Fingerlike projections

A

Papillary Muscles

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32
Q

Stringlike projections

A

Chordae Tendinea

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33
Q

Tough, inextensible, loose-fitting, fibrose-rough sac that attaches to the great vessels

A

Pericardium

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34
Q

Serous membrane secreting a small amount of pericardial fluid

A

Parietal Pericardium

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35
Q

Outer surface of the Heart

A

Visceral Pericardium / Epicardium

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36
Q

Thickest layer of the Heart

A

Myocardium

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37
Q

Inner surface of the Heart

A

Endocardium

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38
Q

Generates an electrical impulse and conduct it through the Heart

A

Cardiac Muscle Cells

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39
Q

Generation and conduction of electric impulses

A

Cardiac Cycle

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40
Q

Generates electrical impulses at Atrium

A

Sinoatrial Node / SA Node

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41
Q

Slows impulses

A

Atrioventricular Node / AV Node

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42
Q

Continues impulses

A

Purkinje Fibers

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43
Q

Generates electrical impulses at Ventricles

A

Bundle of His

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44
Q

Electric impulses throughout the cardiac conduction circuit

A

Electrocardiography

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45
Q

Phases of Electrocardiography

A

P
Q
R
S
T

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46
Q

Relaxation of the Ventricles / ‘Filling’

A

Diastole

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47
Q

Contraction of the Ventricles / ‘Emptying’

48
Q

Early, rapid passive filling of Diastole

A

Protodiastolic Filling

49
Q

Final active filling phase

A

Presystole

50
Q

Closure of the Atrioventricular Valves

51
Q

Prevents blood from flowing background

A

Regurgitation

52
Q

End of Systole signalling

53
Q

‘Lub-Dub’

54
Q

Extra sounds / Ventricular Gallop and Atrial Gallop

55
Q

Blood normally flows through the heart

56
Q

AV closed / SA opened / AS-MR

A

Systole Murmurs

57
Q

AV opened / SA closed / AR-MS

A

Diastole Murmurs

58
Q

Amount of blood pumped during a given period of time

A

Cardiac Output

59
Q

Amount of blood pumped during a contraction

A

Stroke Volume

60
Q

The essential examination

A

Health Assessment

61
Q

Subjective Data

A

Activities of Daily Living / ADLs
Fulfillment of roles and responsibilities

62
Q

Objective Data

A

Preparing the Client
Equipment
Physical Assessment

63
Q

Diminished pulse pressure

A

Small, Weak Pulse

64
Q

Increased pulse pressure

A

Large, Bounding Pulse

65
Q

Double systolic peak

A

Pulsus Bisferiens

66
Q

Regular rhythm

A

Pulsus Alterans

67
Q

Regular, irregular rhythm

A

Bigeminal Pulse

68
Q

Quiet inspiration

A

Paradoxical Pulse

69
Q

Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

70
Q

Severe Aortic Stenosis and Systemic Hypotension

71
Q

Pressure overload

A

Accentuated Apical Impulse

72
Q

Volume overload

A

Laterally Displaced Apical Impulse

73
Q

The involvement of the Carotid Artery and Jugular Veins

74
Q

The focus on the Neck

A

Structure and Function

75
Q

Extends from the brachiocephalic trunk and aortic arch

A

Right and Left Carotid Artery

76
Q

Centrally located arterial pulse

A

Carotid Artery Pulse

77
Q

Lie deep and medial to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Internal and External Jugular Veins

78
Q

Determines the hemodynamic of the right side of the Heart

A

Jugular Venous Pulse

79
Q

Raised pressure and volume

A

Jugular Venous Pressure

80
Q

The leaning towards rendered health significance

A

Biological and Cultural Behavior Variations

81
Q

Increased stiffness of Carotid Arteries

A

Hispanics
Blacks

82
Q

Increased diameter of Carotid

83
Q

Heart Diseases

A

United States

84
Q

The function of the arteries and veins of the arms and legs, Lymphatic System, and capillaries

A

Peripheral Vascular System

85
Q

The focus on the Peripheral Vascular System

A

Structure and Function

86
Q

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated nutrient-rich blood from the Heart to the capillaries

87
Q

Each heartbeat forcing blood through arterial vessels

A

Arterial Pulse

88
Q

Accessible to the examination

A

Peripheral Arteries

89
Q

Major artery of the arm / Brachial Pulse

A

Brachial Artery

90
Q

Blood to the hand / Radial Pulse

A

Radial Artery

91
Q

Blood to the hand / Ulnar Pulse

A

Ulnar Artery

92
Q

Provides extra protection to the hands

A

Palmar Arches

93
Q

Major artery of the leg
Femoral Pulse

A

Femoral Artery

94
Q

Blood to the knee / Popliteal Pulse

A

Popliteal Artery

95
Q

Blood to the top of the foot / Dorsalis Pedis Pulse

A

Dorsalis Pedis Artery

96
Q

Blood to the bottom of the foot / Posterior Tibial Pulse

A

Posterior Tibial Artery

97
Q

Provides extra protection to the feet

A

Dorsal Arches

98
Q

Blood vessels that carry deoxygenated nutrient-depleted blood from the tissues to the Heart

99
Q

Three Types of Veins

A

Deep Veins
Superficial Veins
Perforator Veins

100
Q

Great and small veins

A

Saphenous Veins

101
Q

Impeded nurturing mechanisms

A

Venous Stasis

102
Q

Small blood vessels that form connections between the arterioles and veins

A

Capillaries

103
Q

Integral and complementary part of the Circulatory System

A

Lymphatic System

104
Q

Joined capillaries

A

Lymph Nodes

105
Q

Lymph drains to the right side of the body

A

Right Lymphatic Duct

106
Q

Lymph drains to the rest of the body

A

Thoracic Duct

107
Q

Lymph drains to lower arm and hands

A

Epitrochlear Nodes

108
Q

Lymph drains to leg, external genitalia, and lower abdomen

A

Superficial Inguinal Nodes

109
Q

The leaning towards rendered health significance

A

Biological and Cultural Behavior Variations

110
Q

Venous Insufficiency

A

United States

111
Q

The essential examination

A

Health Assessment

112
Q

Subjective Data

A

Signs and Symptoms

113
Q

Objective Data

A

Preparing the Client
Equipment
Physical Assessment

114
Q

Arterial ulcer

A

Necrotic Great Toe with Blisters on Toes and Foot

115
Q

Blanching fingers

A

Raynaud Disease

116
Q

Thrombus formation in Superficial Veins

A

Superficial Thrombophlebitis

NCM_101 | Health Assessment (11 decks)

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