Assessing Head, Neck, Breasts, and Lymphatic System Flashcards
The structure and function of the head and neck
Assessing Head and Neck
The focus on the cranium, face, thyroid gland, and lymph nodes contained within the head and neck
Structure and Function
Frontal (1) / Parietal (2) / Temporal (2) / Occipital (1) / Ethmoid (1) / Sphenoid (1)
Cranium
Houses the brain
Cranium
8 bones
Cranium
Maxilla (2) / Zygomatic or Cheek (2) / Inferior Conchae (2) / Nasal (2) / Lacrimal (2) / Palatine (2) / Vomer (1) / Mandible / Jaw (1)
Face
Forms carve
Face
14 bones
Face
Between the eye and the top of the ear / A major artery
Temporal Artery
Each side of the ear, anterior and inferior to the ears, behind the mandible
Parotid Glands
Inferior to the mandible and underneath the base of the tongue
Submandibular Glands
Sternomastoid Muscle / Trapezius Muscle / Eleventh Cranial Nerve / C1 through C7
Muscles and Cervical Vertebrae
Allows movement
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Vertebra Prominens
C7
Thyroid Cartilage
Adam’s Apple
Internal Jugular Veins / Carotid Arteries
Blood Vessels
Largest endocrine gland of the body / Isthmus / F3 and F4
Thyroid Gland
Below Hyoid Bone
Thyroid Cartilage
Below Thyroid Cartilage
Cricoid Cartilage
Preauricular / Posterior Auricular / Occipital / Tonsillar / Submandibular / Submental
/ Superficial Cervical / Posterior Cervical / Deep Cervical / Supraclavicular
Lymph Nodes in Head
Submandibular / Submental / Carotid / Muscular (Anterior) / Occipital / Supraclavicular (Inferior)
Neck Triangle
The leaning towards clinical significance
Biological and Cultural Behavior Variations
Does not vary
Head
Varies mostly genetically
Hair
The data driven
Health Assessment
Can’t be directly observed / Client’s history
Subjective Data
Overlying protective structures / Underlying special senses / Functioning of neurologic system
Objective Data
Observance
Inspection
Touching
Palpation
Tapping
Percussion
Assessment
Auscultation
Factors of Assessing the Head
Size
Shape
Configuration
Small head in children
Microcephaly
Skull and facial bones are thick
Acromegaly
Big head in children
Macrocephaly
Acorn-enlarged skull
Paget’s Disease
Involuntary movement nurtured
Head Bobbing / Nodding
Deep, constant, throbbing pain
Sinus Headache
Stabbing pain
Cluster Headache
Sensitive pain
Migraine Headache
Aching steady, neurological and mental pain
Tumor-related Headache
Factors of Assessing the Face
Symmetry
Features
Movement
Expressions
Skin Condition
Facial asymmetry and drooping
Stroke
Paralysis on the side of the face
Bell’s Palsy
Moon-shaped face
Cushing Syndrome
Hard-tight face
Scleroderma
Shuffling gait, rigid muscles, and toward diminished reflexes
Parkinson’s Disease
Factors of Assessing the Neck
Position
Symmetry
Lumps
Masses
Damaged sternocleidomastoid muscle
Wry Neck / Congenital Torticollis
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothyroidism
Simple Goiter
Thyroid Issues
The structure and function of the breasts and lymphatic system
Assessing Breasts and Lymphatic System
The focus on breast and lymph nodes itself
Structure and Function
Paired mammary glands lying over the muscles of the anterior chest wall, anterior to the pectoralis major and serratus anterior muscles / Accessory organ of the Reproductive System
Breasts
Fibrous Tissue / Adipose Tissue / Glandular Tissue
Breast Tissues
Upper outer quadrant extended into the axillary area
Tail of Spence
Present in both male and female Breasts / Anterior, Posterior, Lateral, and Central
Lymph Nodes
Center of the breast with tiny openings of lactiferous ducts
Nipples
Bound surroundings
Areola
Upper Inner / Upper Outer / Lower Inner / Lower Outer
Imaginary Line of Breasts
Functional part for milk production
Glandular Tissue
Single lactiferous duct for alveoli converge / Alveoli drained
Mammary Ducts
Stores milk
Lactiferous Sinus
Provides support
Fibrous Tissue
Milk hormone production
Prolactin
Milk hormone stimulation
Oxytocin
Secretes sweat
Montgomery Glands
Component on third level of the breast
Fatty Tissue
Surrounds mammary glands
Connective Tissue Stroma
Secures breasts
Suspensory Ligaments of Cooper
Separates breasts tissues
Pectoral Fascia
The superficial veins forming a network over the entire chest
Biological and Cultural Behavior Variations
Either patterns of radiation
Mammary Plexus
The essential examination
Health Assessment
Wide spectrum of emotions
Subjective Data
Identified initiations
Objective Data
Overall combination bound to primary provider, mammography, ultrasound, and MRI
Breast Self-Examination
Orange peel texture
Peau d’ Orange
Milk line
Supernumerary Nipples
Enlargement of breast tissues
Gynecomastia
Redness and flaking
Paget’s Disease
Suggests malignancy
Retracted Nipple
Benign cystic lesion
Fibrocystic Breast Tissue
Benign tumor
Fibroadenoma
Malignant tumors in upper outer quadrant
Breast Cancer
Infectious breast tissues
Mastitis
Removal of breasts
Mastectomy
X-ray for breast tissues
Mammogram