Assessment of the Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Heart muscle =
myocardium
What is the leading cause of death for women?
CVD
Each beat of the heart pumps how much?
60 mL of blood or 5 L/min
The heart is protected by the
pericardium
Right Atrium (RA) receives
deoxygenated venous blood
The right ventricle (RV) is
muscular pump located behind the sternum that closes the TRICUSPID valve
After blood is reoxygenated in the lungs. it
flows freely from the 4 pulmonary veins into the left atrium
When the left ventricle is full, the left atrium
contracts, pumping the remaining blood volume into the left ventricle
With systolic contraction, the
left ventricle generates enough pressure to close the mitral valve and open the aortic valve
The pressure of blood in the aorta of a young adult averages about
100 to 120 mm Hg
Pressure of blood in the RA averages about
0 to 5 mm Hg
AV valves do what
separate the atria from the ventricles
The tricuspid valve does what
separates the RA from the RV
The mitral (bicuspid) valve does what
separates the LA from the LV
During systole, the valves close to prevent back flow called
valvular regurgitation of blood into the aorta
The semilunar valves are the
pulmonic valve and aortic
they prevent blood from flowing back into the ventricles during diastole
The pulmonic valve does what
separates the right ventricle from the pulmonary artery
The aortic valve does what
separates the left ventricle from the aorta
MAP=
60-70 mm Hg
Left main artery divides into two branches:
Left anterior descending branch (LAD)
Left circumflex branch (LCX)
The right coronary artery (RCA) originates from
the right sinus of Valsalva
Electrophysiologic properties of the heart muscle are responsible for
regulating heart rate (HR) and rhythm
Cardiac Output (CO) depends of relationship between
HR and SV (Stroke volume)
CO= HR x SV
Cardiac index:
can be determined by dividing the CO by the body
normal range: 2.7 to 3.2 L/min/m2